scholarly journals Prevalence of Teenage Pregnancy in A Community Hospital of Rural Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (217) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Maharjan ◽  
Niresh Thapa ◽  
Narayani Maharjan ◽  
Pabita Rai ◽  
Prakash Pun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Rural Nepal

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a public health concern. Maternal and neonatal health outcomesare negatively impacted in teenage pregnancy. The objective of the study is to find the prevalence ofteenage pregnancy in a community hospital of rural Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital,Okhaldhunga, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of thehospital. Data were retrieved from July 2007 to July 2017 from the hospital record books. The total of7054 records of deliveries were reviewed from the hospital records and whole sampling was done.Subgroup analysis was done on basis of age, ethnicity, gravida, para, period of gestation, mode ofdelivery, maternal or neonatal complications and birth weight. Datas were entered and analyzedusing Microsoft Excel. Results: The total of 7054 deliveries were conducted in ten years among which 2050 (29.06%) wereteenage deliveries at the confidence interval of 95% (28.52% - 29.06%). The highest percentage ofteenage delivery was found among Janajati ethnicity of 1056 (53.3%). Amongst teenage delivery, asignificant tear was found in 157 (7.9%) as a maternal complication. Perinatal deaths were found in27 (1.4%). The cesarean section rate was 839 (11.9%) among all deliveries. Conclusions: The trend of teenage pregnancy remains almost same over ten years in theOkhaldhunga Community Hospital. The overall prevalence of teenage delivery is higher than thenational figure. Low birth weight babies, premature delivery, perineal and cervical tears were thecommon complications. Further health education and awareness programs might help to reduce theteenage pregnancy rate.

scholarly journals Associated Factors with Low Birth Weight in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alekaw Sema ◽  
Firehiwot Tesfaye ◽  
Yalelet Belay ◽  
Bezabh Amsalu ◽  
Desalegn Bekele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dire Dawa

Background. Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a serious public health concern in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, 20 million, an estimated 15% to 20% of babies were born with LBW, and, of these, 13% were in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the World Health Assembly targeted to reduce LBW by 30% by the end of 2025, little has been done on and known about LBW. To meet the goal successfully and efficiently, more research studies on the problem are vital. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the associated factors of LBW in Dire Dawa city, eastern Ethiopia. Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and the associated factors of low birth weight in Dire Dawa City, eastern Ethiopia, 2017. Method. A cross-sectional study designed was conducted, and using a systematic sampling technique, 431 mothers who gave birth in the public hospitals in Dire Dawa city from July 01 to August 30, 2018, were selected. Stillbirth and infants with birth defects were excluded from the study. Well-trained data collectors collected the data using a structured questionnaire which was pretested. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0. The Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied in multivariate logistic regression models, and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistical significant. Result. The prevalence of low birth weight was 21%. Not received nutritional counseling during antenatal care (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.06), preterm birth (AOR = 18.48, 95% CI: 6.51, 52.42), maternal smoking (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.59, 9.88), and height of the mother less than 150 cm (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.07, 11.76) were significantly associated with Low birth weight. Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of low birth weight in the study area. Effective dietary counseling and additional diet, implementing proven strategies to prevent preterm birth and avoid smoking during pregnancy might decrease the low birth weight and then enhance child survival.

scholarly journals The Association Between Tobacco Exposure During Pregnancy and Newborns’ Birth Weight in DKI Jakarta Community Members

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Phowira ◽  
Felicitas Tania Elvina ◽  
Igor Ian Wiguna ◽  
Fathurohman Ramadhan Hanif Bari Wahyudi ◽  
Bernie Endyarni Medise
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Paternal Smoking

AbstractLow birth weight (LBW), a major determinant of neonate morbidity and mortality, remains a global public health concern. Intrauterine exposure to tobacco has been discerned as an important risk factor for LBW. This study aims to investigate the association between parental smoking during pregnancy and LBW. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 - July 2020 on a random sample of parents with child aged 0-5 years old from 5 health centers in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. A total of 145 subjects met the criteria and were analysed. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics software. In the study, 11% of infants were born with LBW. The prevalence of smoking in fathers and mothers were 55.2% and 3.4%, respectively. Paternal smoking status was significantly associated with LBW (p < 0.05). Although not statistically significant, there was a dose-response relationship between paternal number of cigarettes/day and duration of smoking with LBW. Maternal smoking status (p = 0.448) was not closely associated with LBW, which might be due limited number of actively smoking mothers. From multivariate logistic regression, paternal smoking status, premature delivery, birth order and inadequate food intake during pregnancy were significant predictors of LBW (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Factors Among Enteral Fed Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110196
Author(s):  
Sitotaw Molla Mekonnen ◽  
Daniel Mengistu Bekele ◽  
Fikrtemariam Abebe Fenta ◽  
Addisu Dabi Wake
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains to be the most critical and frequent gastrointestinal disorder understood in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The presented study was intended to assess the prevalence of NEC and associated factors among enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates. Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates who were admitted at selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from March 25/2020 to May 10/2020. The data were collected through neonates’ medical record chart review. A total of 350 participants were enrolled in to the study with the response rate of 99.43%. One hundred eighty-four (52.6%) of them were male. The majority 123 (35.1%) of them were (32 + 1 to 34) weeks gestational age. The prevalence of NEC was (25.4%) (n = 89, [95% CI; 21.1, 30.0]). Being ≤28 weeks gestational age (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI [2.67, 9.97]), being (28 + 1 to 32 weeks) gestational age (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI [2.21, 8.31]), birth weight of 1000 to 1499 g (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.22, 4.33]), APGAR score ≤3 (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.32, 4.16]), prolonged labor (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.35, 6.38]), maternal chronic disease particularly hypertension (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.70, 5.90]), chorioamnionitis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI [3.9, 13]), failure to breath/resuscitated (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.7, 4.4]), CPAP ventilation (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI [1.50, 12.70]), mixed milk (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI [2.16, 9.32]) were factors significantly associated with NEC. Finally, the prevalence of NEC in the study area was high. So that, initiating the programs that could minimize this problem is required to avoid the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with NEC.

scholarly journals Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain and Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke during Pregnancy Increase the Risk of Low Birth Weight: A Cross-Sectional Study among Full-Term Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Muliana Edi ◽  
Yit Chin ◽  
Fui Woon ◽  
Geeta Appannah ◽  
Poh Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shs Exposure ◽  
At Home

Despite the advancement of the healthcare system, low birth weight (LBW) remains as one of the leading causes of under-five mortality. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of LBW and its associated factors among 483 third trimester pregnant women recruited from six selected public health clinics in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Pregnant women were interviewed for information on socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behaviour, and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and in the workplace. Information on the obstetrical history and prenatal care visits history were retrieved from the maternal medical records, while infant’s birth outcomes were retrieved from infant medical records. The prevalence of LBW (<2.5 kg) in infants was 10.4%, with a mean birth weight of 3.0 [standard deviation (SD) 0.4] kg. Results from the multivariable logistic regression model showed that inadequate weight gained during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18–4.90] and exposure to SHS at home (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.03–3.55) were significantly associated with LBW. In conclusion, pregnant women should monitor their rate of weight gain throughout pregnancy and avoid SHS exposure at home to reduce the risk of delivering LBW infants.

scholarly journals Poor maternal anthropometric characteristics and newborns' birth weight and length: a cross-sectional study in Benin

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Sètondji G R Padonou ◽  
Badirou Aguemon ◽  
Gilles M A Bognon ◽  
Nicole E Houessou ◽  
Georgia Damien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of glucose regulation in young adults with very low birth weight: impact of male gender on hyperglycaemia

BMJ Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e000327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Kenji Shirai ◽  
Shigeru Ohki ◽  
Rieko Genma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Impact

Pattern of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Among Anemic Under-Five Children of Northern Bangladesh: A Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdur Rafi ◽  
M. Morsed Zaman ◽  
Md. Golam Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hemoglobin E ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Thalassemia Minor ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Background Congenital hemoglobin defects are significant global health concern affecting more than 330,000 newborns every year. In Bangladesh more than half of the under-five children are anemic, but the contribution of hemoglobin disorders to childhood anemia is quite unexplored. Hence, the objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and pattern of hemoglobinopathies among anemic under-five (age 6–59 months) children visiting the hematology department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH). Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study among anemic patients aged between 6 to 59 months conducted in the hematology department of RMCH from July 2018 to June 2020. The guideline of WHO was used to define the severity of anemia. Hemoglobinopathies was measured using standard methods. Chi-square test was used to find the association between two categorical factors. Results Female and younger children included in the study were more likely to suffer from moderate to severe form of anemia compared to their counterparts. Out of 534 patients 183 were suffering from different types of hemoglobinopathies (prevalence 34.3%). E-β-Thalassemia was the most common type of hemoglobinopathy (14%) followed by Hemoglobin E trait (11%) and β-Thalassemia minor (5.6%). Prevalence of these hemoglobin disorders was comparatively higher among female and older children (p < 0.05). Patients with E-β-Thalassemia and β-Thalassemia major of our study were mostly suffering from severe form of anemia while patients with hemoglobin E trait and β-Thalassemia minor were mostly suffering from mild anemia (p < 0.01). Conclusions A remarkable number of children were suffering from severe anemia and different types of hemoglobinopathies. Gender and age group were the risk factors of anemia and hemoglobinopathies among under-five children. Health authorities of Bangladesh should especially take care of anemic children in this country.

THE PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC STROKE PATIENTS IN COMMUNITY HOSPITAL OF DISTRICT SWAT, PAKISTAN

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Sahibzada Saeed Jan ◽  
Taj Muhammad Khan ◽  
Alamzeb ◽  
Izaz-urrahman ◽  
Amanullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital District

Background: As hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke, it is generally considered to beasymptomatic condition and require lifetime therapy which may include chemotherapy and lifestylechanges. Hypertension also clearly contributes to the risk of macrovascular disease in patients with type-IIdiabetes mellitus. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension indiabetic and non-diabetic stroke patients in community hospital district Swat. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, comprised of 100 subjects, 50 were diabetic and 50 werenon-diabetic stroke patients of ages between 28 to 90 years. The blood sugar (random and fasting), bloodpressure (systolic and diastolic) of Diabetic stroke subjects were compared with Non-diabetic strokesubjects. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was significantly high in diabetic stroke subject as compared tonon-diabetic stroke subjects. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with persistently elevated blood pressure are more prone to develop stroke ascompared to non diabetic with hypertension KEYWORDS:Stroke, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension.

scholarly journals Sputum smear positivity grade and chest X-ray findings in tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Behzadmehr ◽  
E. Nejadkehkha
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chest X Ray

Despite many advances in the diagnosis, screening, and rapid treatment of tuberculosis, it is still a public health concern in the world. Due to the importance of this issue in diagnosis and reduction of transmission of infection and treatment of the disease especially where this study is conducted due to the high prevalence of tuberculosis, this study was done to determine The relationship between sputum smear positivity grade and chest X-ray findings in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a hospital in southeast of Iran. This cross-sectional study was performed on all patients with pulmonary TB referencing the health centers in Zabol city, southeast of Iran from 1 January 2015 to 30 December 2020. Sputum smear and radiographic findings of the chest X-ray were evaluated. Data was collected using a form of information and finally analyzed by SPSS 22. Out of 101 patients examined in the present study, 71 were women and 30 were men. The mean age of the patients was 62.68 ± 13.61 years. The frequency of opacity in patients with grades 1, 2, and 3 was 71.4, 78.5, and 76.5%, respectively. Frequency of cavitation in patients with Grade 1, 2 and 3 was 11.5%, 28.5% and 52.9% respectively (P value 0.001). The frequency of reticulonodular presentations in patients with grade 1, 2, and 3 was 24.2, 7.1, and 0%, respectively.  In general, the results of this study showed that, with increasing grading of smears (1+, 2+, and 3+), the frequency of cavitation presentation increased significantly and the frequency of reticulonodular presentations decreased significantly. In general, the results of this study showed that, with increasing grading of smears (, the frequency of Cavitation presentation increased significantly and the frequency of reticulonodular presentations decreased significantly. The findings of the present study can help physicians better diagnose TB.

scholarly journals Perception of mucormycosis infection among Bangladeshi healthcare workers: an exploratory cross-sectional study in the year following the COVID-19 pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humayun Kabir ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Mamunur Rahman ◽  
Shimpi Akter ◽  
Golam Ishraque Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Mucormycosis, a severe fungal infection, is an emerging public health concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the perception of mucormycosis among Bangladeshi healthcare workers. Results An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out among the Bangladeshi healthcare workers from May 25, 2021, to June 5, 2021. The study found 422 responses from the healthcare workers of Bangladesh. Among the respondents, nearly half of them (45.26%) were doctors (n = 191). This study explored that the healthcare workers’ mucormycosis perception scores were significantly associated with their age, gender, profession, monthly income, marital status, job type, and death of friends and family members due to COVID-19. Conclusions This study emphasized the healthcare workers’ mucormycosis perception along with other associated factors. The findings could help policymakers to mitigate mucormycosis and related infectious diseases emergencies in the post-COVID-19 situation.

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