Do Early MRI Signals Predict Lesion Size in a Neonatal Stroke Rat Model?

Objective. To evaluate the effect of GuiXiong Xiaoyi Wan (GXXYW) on the development of endometriosis in a rat model.Methods. Sprague-Dawley rats with surgically induced endometriosis were randomly treated with low-dose GXXYW, high-dose GXXYW, or vehicle (negative control) for 28 days. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess cell proliferation in the lesions. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase- (TdT-) mediated dUTP biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) method was performed to analyse the apoptosis induced by GuiXiong Xiaoyi Wan. The percentages of CD3+ lymphocytes, CD4+ lymphocytes, and CD8+ lymphocytes in the spleens of the rats were evaluated using flow cytometric analysis.Results. Treatment with GXXYW significantly decreased the lesion size, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis in endometriotic tissue. The spleens of GXXYW-treated rats also demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes and a significant decrease in the percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes.Conclusions. These results suggest that, in a rat model, GXXYW may be effective in the suppression of the growth of endometriosis, possibly through the inhibition of cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis of endometriotic cells, and the regulation of the immune system.

Download Full-text

Galantamine improves functional recovery and reduces lesion size in a rat model of spinal cord injury

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146424 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1724 ◽

pp. 146424 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura E. Sperling ◽

Karina Pires Reis ◽

Fabricio Nicola ◽

Cristian Euzebio Teixeira ◽

Gabriele Gulielmin Didó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Functional Recovery ◽

Rat Model ◽

Lesion Size ◽

Cord Injury

Download Full-text

Neuroprotective effects of Sonic hedgehog agonist SAG in a rat model of neonatal stroke

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1038/s41390-021-01408-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vien Nguyen ◽

Manideep Chavali ◽

Amara Larpthaveesarp ◽

Srikirti Kodali ◽

Ginez Gonzalez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Single Dose ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Sonic Hedgehog ◽

Small Molecule ◽

Rat Model ◽

Behavioral Outcome ◽

Neonatal Stroke ◽

Cerebellar Injury

Abstract Background Neonatal stroke affects 1 in 2800 live births and is a major cause of neurological injury. The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is critical for central nervous system (CNS) development and has neuroprotective and reparative effects in different CNS injury models. Previous studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of small molecule Shh-Smoothened agonist (SAG) against neonatal cerebellar injury and it improves Down syndrome-related brain structural deficits in mice. Here we investigated SAG neuroprotection in rat models of neonatal ischemia–reperfusion (stroke) and adult focal white matter injury. Methods We used transient middle cerebral artery occlusion at P10 and ethidium bromide (EB) injection in adult rats to induce damage. Following surgery and SAG or vehicle treatment, we analyzed tissue loss, cell proliferation and fate, and behavioral outcome. Results We report that a single dose of SAG administered following neonatal stroke preserved brain volume, reduced gliosis, enhanced oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) and EC proliferation, and resulted in long-term cognitive improvement. Single-dose SAG also promoted proliferation of OPCs following focal demyelination in the adult rat. Conclusions These findings indicate benefit of one-time SAG treatment post insult in reducing brain injury and improving behavioral outcome after experimental neonatal stroke. Impact A one-time dose of small molecule Sonic hedgehog agonist protected against neonatal stroke and improved long-term behavioral outcomes in a rat model. This study extends the use of Sonic hedgehog in treating developing brain injury, previously shown in animal models of Down syndrome and cerebellar injury. Sonic hedgehog agonist is one of the most promising therapies in treating neonatal stroke thanks to its safety profile and low dosage.

Download Full-text