“THE RIGHT TO DEMAND ALL THE BENEFITS OF HUMAN CULTURE”: THE REPORT OF THE MEMBER OF THE YENISEISK CITY DUMA, M.P. MINDAROVSKY, ON THE NEED TO BUILD A RAILWAY TO YENISEISK (1916)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-102
Author(s):  
E.V. Komleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Provincial Center

The article presents the publication of the report of the local City Duma member Mikhail Mindarovsky, which was preserved in the fonds of the Yeniseisk City Archive. The report was read in June 1916 at a meeting of City Duma members in the presence of a representative of the Ministry of Railways, engineer A.M. Vikhman. The text presents the arguments of the supporters of the project of building a railway between the Yeniseisk and Achinsk, which was considered as an integral link necessary for the successful functioning of the Northern Sea Route and ensuring the successful development of the Yenisey Siberia. M.P. Mindarovsky expressed concern about the future fate of Yeniseisk and the adjacent territory, outlined possible prospects for the development of the city, associated with its transformation into a major northern port — a transshipment base for unloading goods from ships arriving through the Arctic Ocean and then transporting them to various regions of Siberia by railway. The author of the report paid special attention to the criticism of the position of some residents of the provincial center, who saw the railway to Yeniseisk as a potential threat to the welfare of Krasnoyarsk. The preserved source expands the existing ideas about the journalistic heritage and social activities of M.P. Mindarovsky, introduces the ideas about the prospects for the development of the northern Siberian regions that are widespread among his contemporaries, and reveals the details of the interaction between the government and society in the development of the Siberian North.

scholarly journals MEDICAL ASPECTS OF THE RESCUE OPERATION OF THE STEAMER’S CHELUSKIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5(S)) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
M. V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rescue Operation ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Leading Position

The Arctic Ocean has always been and remains one of the main epicenters of scientific research, political and economic decisions in many countries. Superiority in the development of the Northern Sea Route would allow any state to take a leading position in the international arena. Therefore, different countries conducted expeditions to develop it, one of which was the «Chelyuskin Epic» of 1933–1934.

Fractal Economy of Arctic

2013 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
M. Slipenchuk
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Status

In recent decades Arctic attracts the attention of a growing number of states. For effective international cooperation it is necessary to undertake several important steps, including legal work and adoption of documents regulating the statuses and activities of state in Arctic region. It is also needed to undertake a delimitation of sea spaces in the Arctic Ocean, to determine the measures for providing environmental safety in the regions, to reach international agreement on the status of the Northern Sea Route and Northwest Passage, to establish an innovation hub clusters and several others.

A perfect bowl-like submesoscale vortex from seismic reflection transect in the Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Yang ◽  
Haibin Song ◽  
Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Physical Oceanography ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Seismic Line ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Right

<p>The eddies are ubiquitous in the ocean and play an important role in the transportation and redistribution of heat, salt, carbon, nutrients and other materials in the global ocean, thus can regulate global climate and affect the distribution of marine organism. Compared with mesoscale eddies, submesoscale vortices (SVs) have smaller spatial and temporal scales, which impose higher requirements on observation and simulation. The oceanic SVs have a strong vertical velocity, which provides an important supply of nutrients in the upper ocean.</p><p>Many researchers have studied the SVs in the Arctic Ocean by physical oceanography methods (e.g., <em>in-situ </em>measurements and satellite observations). Here, we found a perfect bowl-like SV using a new method named seismic oceanography (SO). SO can use multichannel seismic (MCS) reflection data to produce surprisingly detailed images of water column. Compared with the traditional physical oceanography methods, SO has the advantages of high acquisition efficiency, high lateral resolution (~10 m) and full depth imaging of seawater.</p><p>We used MCS data to image the water column in the in autumn Northeast Chukchi Sea, and captured a perfect bowl-like structure with a depth range of ~200-620m. The structure is almost bilaterally symmetric and has dip angles of 4.8° and 5.5° on the left and on the right, respectively. And it has a horizontal scale of about 12 km at the top and 4.5 km at the bottom, and both the top and bottom of it are near horizontal. The reflections are almost blank in its interior, but are intense and very narrow (~30 m thick) at the lateral boundaries. This indicated that the interior water is homogeneous and quite different from that around it. Fortunately, there is an XBT station near the seismic line and collected almost simultaneously (only one day apart) with the seismic line. The XBT station shows obvious high temperature anomaly over 2°C at the depth of 210-700 m. Therefore, we concluded the structure is a subsurface warm SV, i.e. anticyclonic warm eddy, and may be a submesoscale coherent vortex (SCV). The anomalies from the surrounding water masses indicate that the SV was created at the edge of the Arctic Ocean and then advected here.</p><p>In addition, we used Rossby number (Ro) and Okubo-Weiss (OW) parameter calculated from daily-averaged re-analysis hydrographic data (~3.5 km of grid spacing at 75°N ) from Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) to analyze the SV. Result shows that the values of the Ro and OW parameter in the area of the SV are both negative. This also suggests that this SV is an anticyclone. This submesoscale anticyclonic vortex may be generated from the friction effect between the warm inflow from the North Pacific and the right wall of Barrow Canyon after passing through the Bering Strait, and then transported to the Northeast of Chukchi Sea by the Beaufort Gyre.</p>

Russia and China in the Arctic: Real or Alleged Disagreements?

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
A. Zagorskii
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

The article concentrates on two issues articulated by Xu Guangmiao in her article “China's Arctic Interests and Policy: History, Legal Ground and Implementation” published in the same issue of the Journal: Arctic Governance (and particularly the applicability of the "Common Heritage of the Mankind in the Arctic" concept), as well as the concept of the Northern Sea Route “internationalization” based on the navigation freedom principle. Both issues are considered controversial in Russia–China relations. In addressing those issues, the author seeks to separate real and alleged divergences between the two countries. He argues that apparent differences in their particular approaches do not reflect any fundamental divergences and can be transcended if handled pragmatically, with recognition of the sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdictions of coastal states, as well as of the non-Arctic states' rights and responsibilities under the Law of the Sea. In particular, the author argues that there is no controversy surrounding China’s expectation that an Area of the Common Heritage of the Mankind would occur in the central part of the Arctic Ocean as long as the process of the continental shelf outer limits setting by the coastal states in the Arctic Ocean takes place within the procedures established by the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Similarly, China accepts the regulation of vessels traffic alongside the Northern Sea Route based on the Article 234 of the Convention, and would not be able to claim the freedom of transit passage through the NSR straits unless it joined the U.S. claim that the straight baselines drawn by Russia (and Canada) effectively including those straits into their internal sea waters violate the provisions of the Convention. So far, China does not. And as long as the NSR water area remains ice-covered for most of the year, this issue remains of theoretical rather than of practical importance.

scholarly journals The recent state and variability of the carbonate system of the Canadian Arctic in the context of ocean acidification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Beaupré-Laperrière ◽  
Alfonso Mucci ◽  
Helmuth Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Carbonate Mineral ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Abstract. Ocean acidification driven by the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 by the surface oceans constitutes a potential threat to the health of marine ecosystems around the globe. The Arctic Ocean is particularly vulnerable to acidification due to its relatively low buffering capacity and, thus, is an ideal region to study the progression and effects of acidification before they become globally widespread. The appearance of undersaturated surface waters with respect to the carbonate mineral aragonite (ΩA 

scholarly journals The Bazhenins — merchants, manufacturers, shipbuilders (source-study notes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 422-444
Author(s):  
Oleg Ovsyannikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Source Study ◽  
The City ◽  
West European

Among the private shipyards, of great importance was the Vavchuga shipyard of the Bazhenins who were merchants of the Gostinaya Sotnya (Guest Hundred – a privileged corporation of Russian merchants). The shipyard was situated opposite the city of Kholmogory. In the course of the 18th century, this enterprise launched to water about 120 ships of different ‘new-mannered’ types which sailed in the basin of the White and Barents seas and the Arctic Ocean. In addition, a number of the sailers were sold to West-European merchants. This paper is devoted to studies of the activities of the Bazhenins – merchants of the Gostinaya Sotnya and the first shipbuilders.

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