scholarly journals Study on Bio-Diesel as Alternate Fuel Used in I.C. Engines

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Alternate Fuel ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Petroleum Fuels

One of the major incentives for expanding the production and use of bio-fuels worldwide is the potential environmental benefit that can be obtained from replacing petroleum fuels with fuels derived from renewable biomass resources. The use of vegetable oil in diesel engines is one of the available alternatives, but its use in existing vehicles usually requires modification of engine or fuel system components. The increased viscosity, low volatility, and poor cold flow properties of vegetable oils lead to severe engine deposits, injector coking, and piston ring sticking. The paper presents a literature review on vegetable oils as alternative bio-fuel for diesel engines.

scholarly journals CNSL as Alternate Fuel with Different Additives for CI Engines

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3440-3443
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Alternate Fuel ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Ci Engines ◽  
Derivatives Of

The depletion of fossil fuel and the environmental deterioration are the 2 main problems which is faced by the world in recent days. Only limited amount of stocks can provide the fossil fuel based fuels. The various derivatives of the vegetable oils have been identified as the straight vegetative oils which are used in diesel engines. These have the characteristics of high viscosity, lesser volatility level and very low cold flow properties. The CNSL oil was chosen and mixed with several additives and the quality and emission characteristics were described and charted in this paper. Based on the experimental work done the results were compared. The experiments show that the lower blends can be used directly in the engine by which the overall consumption of diesel is reduced. Amongst all the different blends used such as B20,B15 and B10 the blend B20 was preferred showing improved performance in the engine compared to the different blends available. The experiment was done with the different additives such as DiEthylEther (DEE), Ethanol (EA), and Iso Butane(ISO)

scholarly journals Biofuels from Diethyl Carbonate and Vegetable Oils for Use in Triple Blends with Diesel Fuel: Effect on Performance and Smoke Emissions of a Diesel Engine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6584
Author(s):  
Laura Aguado-Deblas ◽  
Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo ◽  
Felipa M. Bautista ◽  
Carlos Luna ◽  
Juan Calero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Diethyl Carbonate ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties

The main objective of this work is to contribute to a gradual replacement process of fossil diesel (D) with biofuels composed by diethyl carbonate (DEC) and either sunflower or castor oil, as straight vegetable oils (SVOs). DEC is a very interesting candidate as an oxygenated additive not only because of its low price and renewable nature, but also its favorable fuel properties, such as very low kinematic viscosity, high cetane number, high oxygen content, rich cold flow properties and good miscibility with fossil diesel and vegetable oils. In this work, the more suitable DEC/SVO biofuels are chosen based on kinematic viscosity, according to the European normative. Additionally, the most relevant physical–chemical properties of (bio)fuels such as density, calorific value, cloud point, pour point and cetane number are determined. The influence of DEC on engine performance and exhaust emissions is analyzed by fueling a conventional Diesel engine with the different D/DEC/SVO triple and DEC/SVO double mixtures. The tests results are also compared with commercial diesel. From the results, it is concluded that Diesel engine fueled with the blends studied exhibits an excellent performance in terms of power output, very similar to diesel. Additionally, the use of these blends can remarkably decrease smoke emissions down to 98%, with respect to fossil diesel. The addition of DEC shows a significant improvement in cold flow properties of fuel mixtures in the exchange of a slightly higher brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) than diesel. Interestingly, the pure biofuels composed by DEC and SVO allow for a suitable engine operation and achieve the lowest emissions, which means these blends can be successfully employed in current engines without adding fossil diesel, i.e., their use entail a 100% renewability.

scholarly journals Diethyl Ether as an Oxygenated Additive for Fossil Diesel/Vegetable Oil Blends: Evaluation of Performance and Emission Quality of Triple Blends on a Diesel Engine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Aguado-Deblas ◽  
Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo ◽  
Felipa M. Bautista ◽  
Diego Luna ◽  
Carlos Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties

The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of using diethyl ether (DEE) as an oxygenated additive of straight vegetable oils (SVOs) in triple blends with fossil diesel, to be used in current compression ignition (C.I.) engines, in order to implement the current process of replacing fossil fuels with others of a renewable nature. The use of DEE is considered taking into account the favorable properties for blending with SVO and fossil diesel, such as its very low kinematic viscosity, high oxygen content, low autoignition temperature, broad flammability limits (it works as a cold start aid for engines), and very low values of cloud and pour point. Therefore, DEE can be used as a solvent of vegetable oils to reduce the viscosity of the blends and to improve cold flow properties. Besides, DEE is considered renewable, since it can be easily obtained from bioethanol, which is produced from biomass through a dehydration process. The vegetable oils evaluated in the mixtures with DEE were castor oil, which is inedible, and sunflower oil, used as a standard reference for waste cooking oil. In order to meet European petrodiesel standard EN 590, a study of the more relevant rheological properties of biofuels obtained from the DEE/vegetable oil double blends has been performed. The incorporation of fossil diesel to these double blends gives rise to diesel/DEE/vegetable oil triple blends, which exhibited suitable rheological properties to be able to operate in conventional diesel engines. These blends have been tested in a conventional diesel engine, operating as an electricity generator. The efficiency, consumption and smoke emissions in the engine have been measured. The results reveal that a substitution of fossil diesel up to 40% by volume can be achieved, independently of the SVO employed. Moreover, a significant reduction in the emission levels of pollutants and better cold flow properties has been also obtained with all blends tested.

scholarly journals Effect of Pour Point Depressants Combined with Dispersants on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel‐Diesel Blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Baoting Su ◽  
Lulu Wang ◽  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Jincan Yan ◽  
Zhenbiao Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pour Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Pour Point Depressants

Winterization of peanut biodiesel to improve the cold flow properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (19) ◽  
pp. 7375-7381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Pérez ◽  
Abraham Casas ◽  
Carmen María Fernández ◽  
María Jesús Ramos ◽  
Lourdes Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties

Formate Esters Containing Biodiesel - Diesel Mixed Fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Valdis Kampars ◽  
Anastasija Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Formate ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Carbon Residue ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl

The blends of varying proportions of biodiesel (FAME) containing formate esters of glycerol and 93.0 wt.% fatty acid methyl esters, obtained in an interesterification reaction with methyl formate without further purification, and winter diesel fuel, were prepared, analyzed and compared with winter diesel fuel. The obtained results showed that blends comprising up to 20 vol.% of FAME fulfill the requirements of the standard LVS EN 590 concerning such characteristics as cold flow properties, viscosity, density, and carbon residue. The increase of FAME content worsens the cold flow properties; however, the mixed fuel with 20 vol.% or lower FAME content, according to the cloud point and cold filter plugging point values, remains in the same severe climate "Class 0" group as winter fuel. The carbon residue of mixed fuels raises with increasing FAME content, but stay low and do not exceed the limits of standard for mixtures with FAME percentage up to 20 vol.%. The comparison of mixed fuels containing 20 vol.% of FAME and the same amount of neat biodiesel (99.6 wt.% of fatty acid methyl esters) shows that the difference is negligible. The obtained results have indicated a good potential of FAME obtained in the interesterification reaction with methyl formate without further purification as a diesel fuel additive for up to 20 vol.%.

Effect of methacrylate-methacrylamide copolymers with various polar pendants on the cold flow properties of diesel fuels

Fuel ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 123112
Author(s):  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Taishun Yang ◽  
Hualin Lin ◽  
Shiyou Zheng ◽  
Sheng Han
Keyword(s):  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Cold Flow Properties
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