scholarly journals Global Dimensions of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Aetiology (CKDu); A Comparison Study

The form of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) with a lacking known cause of origin unlike most other forms is said to be CKD of Unknown aetiology (CKDu). This condition has been often reported from tropical and subtropical countries around the world, specially, including Asian countries like Japan from where CKDu was first reported; and shows a growing risk of spreading around the world. Due to the absence of early signs and symptoms, CKDu is not diagnosed up until it reaches an irreversible state. Researches are being carried out to find the aetiology of the disease to help patients with better prognosis. Those have been able to put forward several hypotheses including hot climate, agricultural economy, hard water, heavy metals, microbial toxins, infectious diseases and genetic predisposition as the CKDu causatives. Also these researches have paved to identify more similarities and few differences between the CKDu cases reported from different countries. With the main aim to identify the epidemiology of CKDu in Asia, this article has been written with the intension of looking the similarities and differences of CKDu found in Asian countries. Already published primary and review articles have been studied and summarized in this article to present a review on epidemiology of CKDu in Asia.

Author(s):  
Salman Imtiaz ◽  
Ashar Alam

Abstract The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising all over the world. Developing countries like Pakistan will be most affected due to the prevalence of risk factors associated with CKD, such as diabetes, hypertension, kidney stone, and infections. Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) is an emerging CKD recently recognised in agricultural communities all around the world. CKDu is recognised, mostly in men between 20 and 50 years of age, with no symptoms, having normal or borderline elevated blood pressure with normal blood glucose levels. Their ultrasonography manifests small kidneys. Urine examinations reveal no or minimal proteinuria, few red blood cells and leukocytes. The actual prevalence in Pakistan is unknown but it is not infrequent for nephrologists and physicians to see these patients in hospitals. There is a need to look into this entity at the community level. Continuous...


PRILOZI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Velibor Tasic ◽  
Aleksandra Janchevska ◽  
Nora Emini ◽  
Emilija Sahpazova ◽  
Zoran Gucev ◽  
...  

Abstract The knowledge about the progression of chronic kidney disease is an important issue for every pediatric nephrologist and pediatrician in order to implement appropriate measures to prevent wasting of renal function and the final consequence – end stage renal disease with the need for the dialysis and transplantation. Therefore it is important to know, treat or ameliorate the standard risk factors such as hypertension, proteinuria, anemia, hyperparathyroidism etc. In this review devoted to the World Kidney Day 2016 we will pay attention to the low birth parameters, obesity, hyperuricemia and smoking which emerged as particularly important risk factors for children and adolescent with chronic kidney disease.


RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (39) ◽  
pp. 21816-21822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongling Yang ◽  
Shukun Wu

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease around the world.


The number of patients with advanced kidney disease requiring dialysis is increasing in all parts of the world. Managing patients as they transition onto dialysis and providing support and guidance as they make important treatment choices are essential components of a nephrologist’s job. Ensuring timely preparation for dialysis, allowing patients the opportunity to explore all options, including conservative care, and managing individual expectations of dialysis are increasingly important. All nephrologists will manage patients treated with dialysis and therefore it is imperative that they have a sound understanding of different dialysis modalities, how to assess the adequacy of dialysis, and the commonly encountered medical problems dialysis patients experience.


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