The incidence of malformations of the small intestine in regions with varying degrees of use of chemical protective agents and their surgical treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (sp1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Protective Agents

Histological examination of rat small intestine after surgical removal of obturation small bowel obstruction and peptide stimulation of lymph flow

2018 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
А.А. Коваленко ◽  
Г.П. Титова ◽  
В.К. Хугаева
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
And Function

Оперативное лечение различных заболеваний кишечника сопровождается осложнениями в виде нарушений микроциркуляции в области анастомоза кишки. Ранее нами показана способность лимфостимуляторов пептидной природы восстанавливать нарушенную микроциркуляцию, что послужило основой для настоящего исследования. Цель работы - оценка влияния стимуляции лимфотока в стенке кишки на процессы восстановления микроциркуляции, структуры и функции тонкой кишки в области оперативного вмешательства. Методика. В экспериментах на наркотизированных крысах (хлоралгидрат в дозе 0,6 г/кг в 0,9% растворе NaCl) моделировали различные поражения тонкой кишки (наложение лигатуры, перевязка 1-3 брыжеечных артерий, перекрут петли кишки вокруг оси брыжейки, сочетание нескольких видов повреждений). Резекция поврежденного участка через 1 сут. с последующим созданием тонкокишечного анастомоза завершалась орошением операционного поля раствором пептида-стимулятора лимфотока (40 мкг/кг массы животного в 1 мл 0,9% раствора NaCl). На 7-е сут. после операции проводили гистологическое исследование фрагмента кишки в области анастомоза. Результаты. На 7-е сут. после резекции у выживших животных (летальность вследствие кишечной непроходимости составляла 30%) имеют место морфологические признаки острых сосудистых нарушений стенки кишки, изменений кровеносных и лимфатических микрососудов, интерстициальный отек всех слоев стенки кишки, дилатация просвета кишки, повреждение всасывающего эпителия ворсин с истончением щеточной каемки клеток, морфологические признаки гиперфункции бокаловидных клеток. Использование лимфостимулятора пептидной природы после операции увеличивало выживаемость животных на 24%. У части животных отмечалось уменьшение расширения просвета кишки, у других практически полная его нормализация. Восстанавливалась форма кишечных ворсин и распределение бокаловидных клеток. Отсутствовали признаки внутриклеточного и межмышечного отека. Отмечено умеренное полнокровие венул. Заключение. Использование лимфостимулятора при хирургическом лечении кишечной непроходимости увеличивает выживаемость животных на 24% по сравнению с контролем, способствует более раннему восстановлению структуры и функции тонкой кишки. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о перспективности использования стимуляции лимфотока при операциях на кишечнике. Surgical treatment of bowel diseases is associated with complications that cause microcirculatory disturbances in the anastomosis area and may lead to a fatal outcome. This study was based on our previous finding that peptide-type lymphatic stimulators are able to restore impaired microcirculation. The aim of this work was stimulating the lymph flow in the intestinal wall to facilitate recovery of microcirculation, structure and function of the small intestine in the area of surgical intervention. Methods. In experiments on anesthetized rats (0.6 g/kg chloral hydrate in 0.9% NaCl), various small bowel lesions were modeled (bowel ligation, ligation of 1-3 mesenteric arteries, gut torsion, combination of several lesion types). In 24 h, the damaged area was resected, and a small intestine anastomosis was creased. The surgery was completed with irrigation of the operative field with a solution of lymph flow stimulating peptide (40 мg/kg body weight in 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl). A gut fragment from the anastomosis area was examined histologically on day 7 after the surgery. Results. On the 7th day after removing the intestinal obstruction, the surviving animals (lethality 30%) had morphological signs of acute vascular disorders in the intestinal wall; changes in blood and lymphatic microvessels; interstitial edema of all intestinal wall layers; dilatation of the intestinal lumen; damage to the absorptive epithelium of villi with thinning of the brush border, and hyperfunction of mucous (goblet) cells. The use of the peptide after surgery increased the survival rate of animals by 24% and provided a smaller dilatation of the intestinal lumen in some animals. In other animals, the lumen recovered. The shape of intestinal villi and distribution of goblet cells were restored. Signs of intracellular and intermuscular edema were absent. Moderate venular congestion was noticed. Conclusion. Using the lymphatic stimulator in surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction increases the survival rate of animals by 24% compared to the control, facilitates earlier restoration of the small intestine structure and function. The obtained results indicated the effectiveness of lymphatic stimulation in intestinal surgery.

scholarly journals Modern aspects of surgical treatment of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Badri V. Sigua ◽  
Vyacheslav P. Zemlyanoy ◽  
Sergey V. Petrov ◽  
Diyora H. Qalandarova
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Interventions

Despite the ongoing preventive measures aimed at reducing the formation of adhesions in the abdominal cavity with an increase in the number of surgical interventions on the abdominal organs, the number of patients admitted to surgical hospitals with adhesions of the small intestine is also increasing. It should be noted that annually about 12% of previously operated patients undergo treatment in surgical departments while the exceptional fact is that 5070% are patients with acute adhesive ileus of the small intestine and the mortality rate in this group ranges from 13 to 55%. In recent years the literature has been actively discussing the advantages of minimally invasive technologies in the treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction since the use of traditional methods often leads to the development of complications with repeated (in 60% of cases) surgical interventions. The purpose of this study was the development and implementation of an improved therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm in patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction which made it possible to improve the results of treatment. A comparative analysis of 338 patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction who were treated in the surgical departments of the St. Elizabeth Hospital in St. Petersburg in the period from 2016-2019 was carried out. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: the main (I) group (2018-2019), which consisted of 198 patients who received the improved diagnostic and treatment algorithm as well as the comparison group (II) (2016-2017) which included 140 cases these are patients examined according to the standard protocol and operated on in the traditional way. Moreover, in 98 cases, it was possible to resolve acute adhesive small intestinal obstruction in a conservative way, and 240 patients underwent surgical treatment. The developed diagnostic algorithm is based on the consistent application of the most informative diagnostic methods. At the same time the indications and the sequence of their application were established which ultimately made it possible to shorten the preoperative time interval as well as to determine the optimal treatment strategy with the choice of the type of surgical treatment (laparotomy or laparoscopy). The proposed treatment and diagnostic algorithm allowed to reduce the complication rate from 46.5% (53) to 22.2% (28) (р 0,001), and the mortality rate from 14.9% (17) to 3.9% (5) (p 0,01).

GASTROINTESTINAL POLYPOSIS WITH MUCOCUTANEOUS PIGMENTATION IN CHILDREN (PEUTZ-JEGHERS SYNDROME)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
James E. Wenzl ◽  
Lloyd G. Bartholomew ◽  
George A. Hallenbeck ◽  
Gunnar B. Stickler
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Malignant Change ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gastrointestinal Polyposis ◽  
Mucocutaneous Pigmentation ◽  
Peutz Jeghers Syndrome

A case is reported in which a child had gastrointestinal polyposis associated with mucocutaneous pigmentations (the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome). He experienced severe recurrent abdominal pain caused by intermittent intussusception. Removal of the grossly palpable polyps from the small intestine and stomach controlled his symptoms. On the basis of a review of the literature it has become apparent that this disease may first become manifest during childhood. The symptoms are primarily those of recurrent abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding in the presence of mucocutaneous pigmentation. The prognosis associated with this disease is excellent, and the risk of malignant change, if it really exists, is minimal. For this reason, it is urged that surgical treatment be conservative rather than radical, to avoid unnecessary loss of intestine.

scholarly journals PEUTZ–JEGHERS–TOURAINE' SYNDROME (CASE REPORT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
F. Nishanov ◽  
B. Abdullajanov ◽  
N. Bozorov ◽  
M. Nishanov ◽  
F. Hamidov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Multiple Polyposis ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Colonic Bleeding

PEUTS-JEGHERS TOURINE SYNDROMENishanov F., Abdullajanov B., Bozorov N.,Nishanov М., Hamidov F., Mishenina E.Authoris present two clinical observations syndrome Peutz-Jeghers Touraine, wich is hereditary and appears periorifitsial lentiginosis multiple polyposis of the small intestine (jejunum mainly)and it complications such as intestinal obstruction invaginated which combines intra colonic bleeding. The authors concluded that abdominal surgery should know and remember about the syndromePeutz-Jeghers Touraine,in order to avoid diagnostic and tactical errors and promptly provide expert surgical treatment for the.Key words: syndrome, emergency surgery, perioficial lentinginosis, invagination intestinal obstruction. РезюмеСИНДРОМ ПЕЙТЦА-ЕГЕРСА-ТУРЕНАНішанов Ф., Абдуллажанов Б., Бозоров Н.,Нішанов М., Хамідов Ф., Мішеніна Е. Автори наводять два клінічних спостереження синдрому Пейтца-Егерса-Турена, який має спадковий характер і проявляється періоріфіціальним лентігінозом, множинним поліпозом тонкої кишки (переважно порожньої) і його ускладнень у вигляді інвагінаційної кишкової непрохідності, яка поєднується з внутрішньокишковою кровотечею. Автори роблять висновок,що абдомінальним хірургам слід знати і пам'ятати про синдром Пейтца - Егерса - Турена, що дозволить уникнути діагностичних і тактичних помилок і своєчасно надати кваліфіковану екстрену хірургічну допомогу.Ключові слова: синдром, екстрена хірургія, періоріфіціальнийлентігіноз, інвагінаційна кишкова непрохідність. РезюмеСИНДРОМ ПЕЙТЦА-ЕГЕРСА-ТУРЕНАНишанов Ф., Абдуллажанов Б., Бозоров Н., Нишанов М., Хамидов Ф., Мишенина Е.Авторы приводят два клинических наблюдения синдрома Пейтца-Егерса-Турена, который имеет наследственный характер и проявляется периорифициальным лентигинозом, множественным полипозом тонкой кишки (преимущественно тощей) и его осложнений в виде инвагинационной кишечной непроходимости, которая сочетается внутрикишечным кровотечением. Авторы заключают что, абдоминальным хирургам следует знать и помнить о синдроме Пейтца – Егерса - Турена, что позволит избежать диагностических и тактических ошибок и своевременно оказать квалифицированную экстренную хирургическую помощь. Ключевые слова: синдром, экстренная хирургия, периорифициальный лентигиноз, инвагинационной кишечной непроходимости. 

scholarly journals Use of biocompatible xenograft for the surgical treatment of feline corneal sequestrum after lamellar keratectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
C. I. LIAPIS (Ι. Κ. ΛΙΑΠΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ocular Discomfort ◽  
The Right

A Persian cat was referred to our clinic for evaluation of a black plaque located on the cornea of the right eye noticed by the owner three months prior to presentation. Reported clinical signs included ocular discomfort with blepharospasm and epiphora.The diagnosis of corneal sequestrum was made. Due to morphology, chronicity and severity of the symptoms, the cat was treated surgically with lamellar keratectomy followed by covering of the defect with a porcine small intestine derived xenograft. The excellent result was in accordance with the previously reported cases.

CHOICE OF SURGERY TACTICS IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH RISK OF ANASTOMOTIC LEAK DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
M. Ye. Tymchenko
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Surgery Complications ◽  
Intestinal Anastomoses ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Intestinal Stoma ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Surgical Tactics

Intestinal resection is one of the most common surgeries performed on urgent indications, the most difficult is the decision in favor of the formation of primary anastomosis in the case of primary infection of abdominal cavity, multiple defects of the intestinal wall, as well as the general serious condition of a patient. In order to improve the methods of diagnosis and prevention of post−surgery complications, as well as personification of surgical tactics of treatment in the patients undergoing anastomotic surgeries in intestine, the results of treatment of 96 patients were analyzed. The level of serum cryoglobulins was determined by the method of A. E. Kalovidoris with modifications. The results of surgical treatment were evaluated according to the classification of D. Dindo et al. (2004). The use of cryoglobulin levels before surgery can significantly affect surgical tactics: at a low degree it is possible to perform resection of a segment of small intestine with the formation of primary small intestinal anastomoses; at average − it is possible to perform small−intestinal anastomoses with unloading intestinal stoma or with the location of the anastomosis extraperitoneally (if possible) and decompression of the anastomosis with an incubation probe; at high − it is expedient to supplement performance of an anastomosis with a variant of an enterostomy or "delayed" anastomoses, at a severe general condition of patients it is expedient to form final small intestinal stoma. Determining the level of cryoglobulinemia as a marker of the prognosis of failure of the sutures of intestinal anastomoses and the use of differentiated surgical tactics depending on the level of this index contributes to a significant improvement in direct results of surgical treatment of the patients undergoing resection of small intestine segments. The proposed tactics virtually eliminate the implementation of multi−stage surgical interventions and helps to reduce the duration of treatment of patients, reduce the level of post−surgery complications and mortality. Key words: cryoglobulinemia, surgical treatment, small intestine, anastomoses.

IDIOPATHIC PERFORATION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
George A. Hyde ◽  
Thomas V. Santulli
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Neonatal Period

Five cases of idiopathic perforation of the small intestine in the neonatal period are presented. Four of the five patients were premature; two survived. The etiology, pathology, diagnosis and surgical treatment are discussed.

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