A New Morphological Trait in Forensic Identification – Middle Phalangeal Hair (MPH)

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kewal Krishan ◽  
Tanuj Kanchan
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Trait ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Forensic Casework ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dorsal Aspect ◽  
Mass Fatality Incidents ◽  
Mass Fatality

Middle phalangeal hairs (MPH) are present on the dorsal aspect of the middle phalange of the fingers except for the thumb. The MPH have been of interest to anthropologists, human biologists, clinicians, geneticists and anatomists in the past as a morphological trait of the human body. The anthropological value of MPH is well established in studying population variations, with implications for age, ancestry and sex differences. We are of the opinion that MPH may be used significantly for forensic identification purposes along with other morphological characteristics of the human body. MPH can be one of the individualistic features in comparing the ante-mortem and post-mortem records in mass fatality incidents and in establishing identity in forensic casework pertaining to CCTV images of the hand.

Rapid Disaster Victim Identification in Mass Fatality Incidents: Decision-Support Tool to Facilitate Human Remains Identification

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio de Cosmo ◽  
Joseph A. Barbera
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Similarity Score ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Matching Process ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Mass Fatality Incidents ◽  
Mass Fatality

ABSTRACTObjectives:A quantitative decision-support tool (DST), using a combination of selected human physical attributes as identification elements, was developed to facilitate body identification in mass fatality incidents, particularly in settings with limited availability of technological resources and forensic expertise.Methods:To construct the DST, the external biological attributes of interest were first selected. A process was then developed to guide collection of the selected categories of attributes and record them into objective antemortem (AM) and postmortem (PM) records. Finally, a framework for assessing the similarity between confronting PM-AM attribute records was established. The DST evaluates the similarities between each set of like attributes in the AM and PM records being compared. It then computes an overall similarity score for each evaluated AM record that was compared to a selected PM record. The AM record with the highest score represents the highest probable match, with the PM file selected for the comparison.Results:Multiple simulations across a range of mass fatality situations demonstrated the effectiveness of the DST in the experimental setting.Conclusions:The developed DST may provide authorities with a method for expediting body identification without completely eliminating any missing person file from consideration. Under specific circumstances, this method may reduce the need for technologically sophisticated forensic identification techniques (eg, dental records, fingerprints, and DNA). At a minimum, it should facilitate the efficiency of the current technological matching process.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:277–290)

scholarly journals Forensic Identification of Decomposed Human Body through Comparison between Ante-Mortem and Post-Mortem CT Images of Frontal Sinuses: Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonan Ferreira Silva ◽  
Fernando Fortes Picoli1 ◽  
Tessa de Lucena Botelho ◽  
Roberta Gomes Resende ◽  
Ademir Franco
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Frontal Sinuses

FEATURES OF MONITORING OF DEGRADED LANDS TO ASSESS POSSIBILITIES FOR THEIR REHABILITATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
B.I. KORZHENEVSKIY ◽  
◽  
N.V. KOLOMIYTSEV ◽  
G.YU. TOLKACHEV
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Degraded Lands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Restoration Work

Putting out of using large areas of agricultural lands in the central region over the past years has led to worsening the prospects of their purposed use, although the problem of the relevance of their restoration still remains. For many years the unused land was exposed to both natural exogenous processes such as erosion, suffusion, etc. and biological and chemical changes, usually for the worse for agriculture. There are considered elements of monitoring aimed at assessing the prospects or lack of perspectives of rehabilitation of degraded lands. An energy approach to assessing the state of slopes and soils located within these slopes is presented. The main factors of natural and anthropogenic character in assessing the prospects for land restoration are their steepness, excess relative to local bases of erosion other morphological characteristics of slopes which in general is reduced to an assessment of the energy provision of slopes and soils. So the higher the energy capacity of slopes – they are less promising for development, for soils – there is a reverse picture – the higher their energy reserves, the more promising is their use. Approaches to zoning the territory for monitoring from larger taxons of natural and anthropogenic genesis to the sites of special surveillance within which the prospects for rehabilitation of the agricultural land are evaluated. The most important factor is the material expediency of such actions, i.e. before starting the restoration work it is necessary to assess the profitability or loss of the proposed event. In cases of the material expediency it is feasible as further actions to include energy assessments of slopes and soils; zoning of the object according to the steepness and oriented characteristics of soil washout; and the possibility of obtaining agronomic and meteorological data on a timely basis. The result of the work is a forecast assessment of the prospects for restoring degraded land for the intended purpose using modern databases and WEB-systems.

Enabling Batteryless Wearable Devices by Transferring Power Through The Human Body

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Rishi Shukla ◽  
Neev Kiran ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Jeremy Gummeson ◽  
Sunghoon Ivan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Barrier

Over the past few decades, we have witnessed tremendous advancements in semiconductor and MEMS technologies, leading to the proliferation of ultra-miniaturized and ultra-low-power (in micro-watt ranges) wearable devices for wellness and healthcare [1]. Most of these wearable sensors are battery powered for their operation. The use of an on-device battery as the primary energy source poses a number of challenges that serve as the key barrier to the development of novel wearable applications and the widespread use of numerous, seamless wearable sensors [5].

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics, Classifications and Difficulties in the Use of Diagnostic Criteria for Serrated Lesions of the Large Intestine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar de Souza Bastos Junior ◽  
Vera Lucia Nunes Pannain ◽  
Adriana Caroli-Bottino
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Serrated Adenoma ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal neoplasm in the world, accounting for 15% of cancer-related deaths. This condition is related to different molecular pathways, among them the recently described serrated pathway, whose characteristic entities, serrated lesions, have undergone important changes in their names and diagnostic criteria in the past thirty years. The multiplicity of denominations and criteria over the last years may be responsible for the low interobserver concordance (IOC) described in the literature. Objectives The present study aims to describe the evolution in classification of serrated lesions, based on the last three publications of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the reproducibility of these criteria by pathologists, based on the evaluation of the IOC. Methods A search was conducted in the PubMed, ResearchGate and Portal Capes databases, with the following terms: sessile serrated lesion; serrated lesions; serrated adenoma; interobserver concordance; and reproducibility. Articles published since 1990 were researched. Results and Discussion The classification of serrated lesions in the past thirty years showed different denominations and diagnostic criteria. The reproducibility and IOC of these criteria in the literature, based on the kappa coefficient, varied in most studies, from very poor to moderate. Conclusions Interobserver concordance and the reproducibility of microscopic criteria may represent a limitation for the diagnosis and appropriate management of these lesions. It is necessary to investigate diagnostic tools to improve the performance of the pathologist's evaluation, for better concordance, and, consequently, adequate diagnosis and treatment.

Varicella and Cortisone

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. HAGGERTY ◽  
R. CANNON ELEY
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vesicle Fluid ◽  
Heart Blood ◽  
Cortisone Therapy ◽  
Relationship Of

In the past 2 years we have seen 2 patients at the Children's Medical Center, who, while receiving cortisone therapy, developed varicella and died following a state of shock within a few days after the appearance of the vesicles. Post-mortem examinations of these patients revealed hemorrhagic vesicles throughout all viscera. In 1 case the virus of varicella was grown from vesicle fluid, heart blood, and lung. Since fatalities from varicella in childhood are so rarely encountered, even by physicians with vast experience in the field of infectious diseases, and since the clinical course of the infection in these two patients was so fulminating, the possible relationship of cortisone administration was raised.

Is post-mortem CT of the dentition adequate for correct forensic identification?: comparison of dental computed tomograpy and visual dental record

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kirchhoff ◽  
F. Fischer ◽  
G. Lindemaier ◽  
P. Herzog ◽  
C. Kirchhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Post Mortem

scholarly journals Hydrogen sulfide: stench from the past as a mediator of the future

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Zivanovic ◽  
Milos R. Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Actual Mechanism ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

The past decade has witnessed the discovery of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a new signalling molecule. Its ability to act as a neurotransmitter, regulator of blood pressure, immunomodulator or anti-apoptotic agent, together with its great pharmacological potential, is now well established. Notwithstanding the growing body of evidence showing the biological roles of H2S, the gap between these roles and the actual mechanism(s) behind these processes is getting larger. We propose a way that protein cysteine residues can be modified to form protein persulfides (P-SSH) and explain how this process is controlled in a physiologically relevant fashion. This article provides an overview of H2S signalling in the human body with particular emphasis on the latest discoveries regarding the mechanisms of protein persulfidation and depersulfidation, as well as about the biological reactivity of persulfides and their role in health and disease.

A Monumental Horse Burial in the Armenian Highlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
A. Nachmias ◽  
G. Bar-Oz ◽  
D. Nadel ◽  
I. Petrosyan ◽  
B. Gasparyan
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Metal Ring ◽  
Tall Stature ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
The Past

Here we report on the unprecedented discovery of the complete skeleton of a ritually interred adult stallion with a bronze ring in its mouth. The horse was buried in a unique 15-meters diameter monumental stone-built tomb excavated in the Aghavnatun necropolis located on the southern slopes of Mt. Aragats, in the northern fringes of the Ararat Depression, Republic of Armenia. The tumulus was roughly circular; the horse’s remains were found in situ, in an inner oval-shaped structure. Our methodological procedure included a detailed description of the burial, a taphonomic study of the bones, and meticulous morphometric observations and measurements, and thus we could provide a taxonomic defi nition and an age estimate. Direct radiometric dating of the horse’s skeleton provided a date of 2130±20 BP. The morphological characteristics of the horse, with its tall stature and slender feet, suggest that it was a large individual, similar to the extinct breed of Nisean horse previously known mainly from textual and iconographical sources. The metal ring found in the mouth of the horse suggests that it likely served as a breeding stallion. This discovery presents a unique combination of zooarchaeological evidence for the importance of the horse in the Parthian-Hellenistic worlds, and advances our understanding of the broad social signifi cance of the past breeding of equids in the Armenian Highlands.

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