“Law against chaos”: on the role of V.D. Zorkin in prospective studies of the new role of law in the XXI century

2019 ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Yulia Sobolevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Studies

Cetirizine versus diphenhydramine in the prevention of chemotherapy-related hypersensitivity reactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1396-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charis G Durham ◽  
Deepthi Thotakura ◽  
Lauren Sager ◽  
Jennifer Foster ◽  
Jon D Herrington
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Infusion Reactions

Objective This study evaluated the role of cetirizine compared to diphenhydramine as premedications for patients receiving paclitaxel, cetuximab, and rituximab infusions. Historically, diphenhydramine has been linked with more sedation in comparison to cetirizine; however, it is unknown if cetirizine can replace diphenhydramine in the prevention of hypersensitivity reactions in patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods This is a retrospective study designed to assess infusion reactions occurring in patients receiving diphenhydramine or cetirizine premedication for rituximab, paclitaxel, or cetuximab therapies. Infusion reactions were defined as various symptoms such as flushing, itching, alterations in heart rate and blood pressure, and dyspnea plus the clinical setting of a concurrent or very recent infusion. Results A total of 207 patients were evaluated in this study with 83 patients receiving cetirizine and 124 diphenhydramine patients. Overall, the percentage of patients with at least one chemotherapy-related infusion event in the cetirizine group was 19.3% (95% CI 11.4–29.4) compared to diphenhydramine group 24.2% (95% CI 17.0–32.7), P = 0.40. Of the patients who received cetirizine and then experienced an event in the first cycle, 41.7% (95% CI 13.7–74.3) of the events were due to paclitaxel, 50.0% (95% CI 19.4–80.6) were due to rituximab, and 8.3% (95% CI 0.1–43.6) were due to cetuximab. Of the patients who received diphenhydramine and then experienced an event in the first cycle, 26.1% (95% CI 5.7–51.4) were due to paclitaxel, 73.9% (95% CI 48.6–94.3) were due to rituximab and none due to cetuximab. Conclusion Cetirizine appears to be a viable substitute for diphenhydramine for the prevention of infusions reactions with cetuximab, paclitaxel, and rituximab infusions in adults. Prospective studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of cetirizine compared with diphenhydramine in the prevention of chemotherapy-related infusion reactions.

Elevated Blood Homocysteine and Risk of Alzheimer’s Dementia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Prospective Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M. Zuin ◽  
C. Cervellati ◽  
G. Brombo ◽  
A. Trentini ◽  
L. Roncon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Trim And Fill ◽  
Significant Publication Bias

Objective: To investigate whether high serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels is associated with the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by performing a meta-analysis based on updated published data. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive research using Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE databases to identify all prospective studies published any time to July 7, 2020 evaluating the association between elevated Hcy levels and AD risk. Results: From an initial screening of 269 published papers, 9 prospective investigations conducted on a total of 7474 subjects with mean follow-up of 9.5 years (range: 3.7-10) were included in the meta-analysis. Eight seventy-five of these subjects converted to AD. Hcy was significantly higher in these individuals (HRadjusted:1.48, 95% CI:1.23-1.76, I2=65.6%, p<0.0001) compared with who did not convert to AD. There was a significant publication bias (Egger’s test, t=6.39, p=0.0003) and this was overcome by the trim and fill method, which allowed to calculate a bias-corrected imputed risk estimate of HRadjusted:1.20, 95% CI:1.01-1.44, Q value=41.92. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis found that having higher Hcy increases the risk of AD in the elderly and this finding is consistent with the widely suggested role of this non-proteinogenic α-amino acid in AD neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Sex-discrete role of depressive symptomatology on 10-year first and recurrent cardiovascular disease incidence: results from ATTICA and GREECS prospective studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-328
Author(s):  
Matina Kouvari ◽  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Christina Chrysohoou ◽  
Venetia Notara ◽  
Ekavi Georgousopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Incidence

The role of levonorgestrel intra‐uterine system in the management of adenomyosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abbas ◽  
Ahmed Samy ◽  
Khaled Atwa ◽  
Hanan M. Ghoneim ◽  
Mariam Lotfy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis

The Role of Calcium Antagonists in Nephroprotection: Complex Issues Proved Aspects and Prospective Studies

Kardiologiia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6_2014 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
A.G. Arutyunov Arutyunov ◽  
G.P. Arutyunov Arutyunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Calcium Antagonists

Components of Self-Complexity as Buffers for Depressed Mood

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Brown ◽  
Eshkol Rafaeli
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
The Self ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Original Formulation ◽  
Complexity Hypothesis

The self-complexity model (Linville, 1987) predicts that individuals who have numerous self-aspects with little overlap among them will be buffered against the effects of stressful life events and will experience less depression. Despite some evidence to this effect, many replication attempts have failed (cf. Rafaeli-Mor & Steinberg, 2002). The present studies reexamine the self-complexity model, incorporating recent theoretical and methodological critiques of its original formulation (e.g., Brown, Hammen, Wickens, & Craske, 1995; Rafaeli-Mor, Gotlib, & Revelle, 1999). Two prospective studies provide some support for a revised self-complexity hypothesis, which examines separately the effects of differentiation (number of self-aspects) and integration (overlap among them) and considers more carefully the role of stress.

The role of preoperative embolization for intracranial meningiomas

2013 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish H. Shah ◽  
Neal Patel ◽  
Daniel M. S. Raper ◽  
Amade Bregy ◽  
Ramsey Ashour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Preoperative Embolization ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Intracranial Meningiomas

Object As endovascular techniques have become more advanced, preoperative embolization has become an increasingly used intervention in the management of meningiomas. To date, however, no consensus has been reached on the use of this technique. To clarify the role of preoperative embolization in the management of meningiomas, the authors conducted a systematic review of case reports, case series, and prospective studies to increase the current understanding of the management options for these common lesions and complications associated with preoperative embolization. Methods A PubMed search was performed to include all relevant studies in which the management of intracranial meningiomas with preoperative embolization was reported. Immediate complications of embolization were reported as major (sustained) or minor (transient) deficits, death, or no neurological deficits. Results A total of 36 studies comprising 459 patients were included in the review. Among patients receiving preoperative embolization for meningiomas, 4.6% (n = 21) sustained complications as a direct result of embolization. Of the 21 patients with embolization-induced complications, the incidence of major complications was 4.8% (n = 1) and the mortality rate was 9.5% (n = 2). Conclusions Preoperative embolization is associated with an added risk for morbidity and mortality. Preoperative embolization may be associated with significant complications, but careful selection of ideal cases for embolization may help reduce any added morbidity with this procedure. Although not analyzed in the authors' study, embolization may still reduce rates of surgical morbidity and mortality and therefore may still have a potential benefit for selected patients. Future prospective studies involving the use of preoperative embolization in certain cases of meningiomas may further elucidate its potential benefit and risks.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Association of Circulating Ferritin Level and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4539-4551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Kenneth Lo ◽  
Yueyang Zhong ◽  
Aimin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Specific Association

AbstractContextAlthough the role of iron in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has long been a concern, prospective studies directly linking body iron stores to T2D risk in a sex-dependent context have been inconsistent.ObjectiveA systematic meta-analysis was conducted to explore the sex-specific association of circulating ferritin with T2D risk.Data SourcesWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases to identify available prospective studies through 1 August 2018.ResultsFifteen prospective studies comprising 77,352 participants and 18,404 patients with T2D, aged 20 to 80 years, and with ∼3 to 17 years of follow-up were identified. For each 100-μg/L increment in ferritin levels of overall participants, T2D risk increased by 22% (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.31). Of note, major heterogeneities by sex were identified, with increased ferritin level having an apparently greater effect on T2D risk in women (RR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.82) than in men (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.27) after exclusion of a study with high heterogeneity (41,512 men and 6974 women for sex-specific analyses; P = 0.020 for sex difference). Further nonlinear analysis between circulating ferritin and T2D risk also showed sex-dimorphic association in that the T2D risk of women was twice as strong in magnitude as that of men at the same ferritin level.ConclusionsGreater circulating ferritin levels were independently associated with increased T2D risk, which appeared stronger among women than men. Our findings provide prospective evidence for further testing of the utility of ferritin levels in predicting T2D risk in a sex-specific manner.

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