Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Turkish Geriatric Population: Gender Differences in a Field Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (63) (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Burcu Kucuck Bicer ◽  
Burcu Uner ◽  
Hilal Ozcebe ◽  
Gokhan Telatar ◽  
Ozge Yavuz Sari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Gender Based

"Background: Aging is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospitalization, and loss of functional status related to common mental disorders in the elderly. The aim of this study is the need to identify new and unmet problem areas in geriatric depression and develop efficient interventions for gender-based differences. Methods: The cross-sectional, field-based study was conducted with 2269 participants. The nurses serving in primary health care facilities collected data. The Questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic characteristics, illnesses, medications, Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), EQ-5D, General Health Status (GHS), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Visual Analog Scale for health status (VAS) was collected in face-to-face interviews at the participants' homes. Results: In the study, the mean age was 73.3 (6.7), 50.3% were male. Of the older individuals' 71.8% had a chronic disease and 62.2% used at least one medication. The prevalence of depression was 31.2%. Women had a higher prevalence (35.6%) of severe depression than men (26.7%). Age, living alone, being single, being unemployed, having a chronic disease, and perception of poor health condition was associated with high depressive scores in the elderly whereas education, working status, and having a chronic disease were important factors in men. Conclusions: Depression evaluation in primary health care is an important part of geriatric health check-ups. The incidence of depressive symptoms significantly changes according to gender. Gender-based strategies like increasing the retirement age for men and providing post-retirement job opportunities can be effective in reducing depression. "

scholarly journals Depression in older adults: prevalence and risk factors in a primary health care sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Uschenka Padayachey ◽  
S Ramlall ◽  
J Chipps
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Primary Health Care Clinic ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Depression in the geriatric population has been identified as a significant problem in view of the associated negative outcomes regarding poor functioning, increased perception of poor health and increased utilisation of medical services. Significantly associated with increased morbidity and mortality, depression has been found to be an independent cause of disability as well as adding to disability due to primary physical illnesses. Early identification and treatment of depression reduces medical costs and lessens caregiver burden. Epidemiological data and prevalence rates of geriatric depression in Africa are limited, although such data are vital to mobilise and plan government mental health initiatives aimed at screening and early intervention. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and associated clinical and socio-demographic factors amongst older adult patients attending a primary health care clinic in the Ethekwini District in Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. Methods: The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and a socio-demographic questionnaire were administered in English to 255 geriatric outpatients, randomly selected, at a local community clinic in Durban. Data analysis: Data were analysed using SPSS version 23®. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the sample demographics and response rate and non-parametric statistics were used to test for associations and differences. Results: A Cronbach’s alpha for the GDS was calculated (p = 0.793). Some 40% of participants screened positive for depression. Female gender, widowhood and a negative subjective health status rating were significantly associated with depression and marriage appeared to be protective (p < 0.001). Participants with a poor subjective health rating were 21 times more likely to be depressed and widowhood conferred an almost fourfold increased risk of being depressed, with widows at greater risk than widowers. No association between depression and specific medical conditions was identified. Conclusion: There is a high rate of undetected depression among the elderly attending a local primary health care clinic with widowhood and poor subjective health being strong predictors of mood disorders. The findings warrant replication in bigger samples. (Full text of the research articles are available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2017; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2016.1272250

scholarly journals Determinants of access to primary health care for the elderly in the province of Essaouira

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Hicham Mejdouli ◽  
Abdellatif Baali ◽  
Hakima Amor ◽  
Nadia Ouzennou
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health

Morocco is experiencing demographic and epidemiological changes marked by an increase in the proportion of elderly people accompanied by a growing prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities, thus leading to an increase in the demand for health care. the Moroccan health system therefore faces the challenge of meeting the specific needs of older populations in terms of access to and use of health care services. To achieve this, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends a community-based approach, based on primary health care facilities (PHCFs), to the provision of services for older people. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study based on a quantitative approach. The survey was carried out via a questionnaire intended for a sample of 739 people aged 60 years and over attending the ESSPs in the province of Essaouira between January and February of the year 2020. Our study has allowed us to understand the determinants related to the use of PHC by the elderly in the province of Essaouira. These determinants concern the characteristics of the elderly as well as the organisational and institutional aspects of the care offer. The bivariate analysis of the results showed a statistically significant association between the use of PHC by the elderly and the area of residence, gender, level of education, distance travelled to health facilities, quality of reception, and availability of medicines. Policymakers are called upon to consider the determinants of the use of PHC in order to better address the health needs of older people, and also to respond to WHO guidance in this area.

scholarly journals Πρόγραμμα εκτίμησης αναγκών υγείας στους ηλικιωμένους κατοίκους της περιοχής ευθύνης του Κέντρου Υγείας Βιάννου, Ηρακλείου, Κρήτης

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ιωάννα Στεφανάκη
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
State Examination

Σκοπός: Σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν η εκτίμηση της κατάστασης υγείας των κατοίκων της τρίτης ηλικίας σε μια αγροτική περιοχή της Κρήτης και ο σχεδιασμός παρέμβασης σε θέματα πρόληψης και προαγωγής της υγείας, με τη χρήση σταθμισμένων εργαλείων στη Γενική Ιατρική. Ανάμεσα στους αντικειμενικούς στόχους περιλαμβάνονταν (α) η εκτίμηση της κινητικότητας και της ικανότητας αυτονομίας και της ποιότητας ζωής των ηλικιωμένων, (β) η εκτίμηση της ψυχικής τους υγείας και της γνωστικής τους κατάστασης καθώς και η ανάλυση της ικανότητας τους να διαχειρίζονται το stress και η συσχέτιση της με χρόνια νοσήματα, (γ) η ανάλυση της κατάστασης υγείας των ηλικιωμένων με αναφορά σε δεδομένα νοσηρότητας με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στους παράγοντες κινδύνου (προσδιοριστές/determinants) των συχνότερων νοσημάτων, (δ) η αξιολόγηση της θρησκευτικότητας/πνευματικότητας και άλλων τοπικών κοινωνικο-οικονομικών παραγόντων και του ρόλου τους ως προσδιοριστές της υγείας και (ε) η σύγκριση της κατάστασης υγείας των ηλικιωμένων κατοίκων της περιοχής αυτής με άλλους πληθυσμούς της Ευρώπης. Η μελέτη έχει ενταχθεί σε ένα Ευρωπαϊκό δίκτυο (Tipping the Balance Towards Primary Health Care/TTB) που εστιάζει στην έρευνα και στην ανάπτυξη της ΠΦΥ. Πληθυσμός μελέτης και μέθοδοι: Πρόκειται για συγχρονική μελέτη με πληθυσμό αναφοράς όλα τα άτομα ηλικίας άνω των 65 ετών που διαβιούσαν σε 4 επιλεγμένα χωριά του δήμου Βιάννου (Ν=600 άτομα). Οι πληροφορίες για τη δομή του πληθυσμού (σύνθεση κατά φύλο και ηλικία) δόθηκαν με βάση την απογραφή του 2001 από τον Δήμο Βιάννου. Οι επαφές με τα άτομα αυτά πραγματοποιήθηκαν μετά από πρόσκληση στο Κέντρο Υγείας Βιάννου και στο Περιφερειακό Ιατρείο Εμπάρου ή κυρίως με κατ’ οίκον επίσκεψη δύο ιατρών Γενικής Ιατρικής, κατά τη χρονική περίοδο 2007-2009. Το σύνολο εκείνων που ολοκλήρωσαν τον έλεγχο υγείας ανήλθε σε 411 άτομα (179 άνδρες, 232 γυναίκες). Ο έλεγχος περιλάμβανε λεπτομερή λήψη ιατρικού ιστορικού, κλινική εξέταση και λήψη σωματομετρήσεων, ανίχνευση των γνωστικών/συναισθηματικών διαταραχών με την χρήση των Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) και Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), της ικανότητας διαχείρισης του stress, της ακράτειας ούρων, των διαταραχών κινητικότητας/ποιότητας ζωής με σταθμισμένες κλίμακες (SOC scale, Barthel index, QWB-SA scale) καθώς και εργαστηριακό έλεγχο. Τέλος μελετήθηκε ο βαθμός θρησκευτικότητας/πνευματικότητας με τη χρήση ειδικού ερωτηματολόγιου σταθμισμένο στα Ελληνικά (RFI-SRB). Αποτελέσματα: Από τους 411 συμμετέχοντες στη μελέτη, το 43,6% (Ν=179) ήταν άνδρες και 56,4% (Ν=232) γυναίκες. Το 42,7% (175 άτομα) ανήκε στην ηλικιακή ομάδα άνω των 75 ετών. Η πλειοψηφία των ατόμων ήταν έγγαμοι (71,5%), απόφοιτοι δημοτικού (61,3%) και συνταξιούχοι (70,7%). Βρέθηκε να έχουν υιοθετήσει συμπεριφορικούς παράγοντες κινδύνου για χρόνια νοσήματα, όπως η συνήθεια καπνίσματος (18,8%), η χαμηλή κατανάλωση φρούτων & λαχανικών (22,8%) και η σωματική αδράνεια (73,2%). Τα κυριότερα χρόνια νοσήματα όπως αυτά καταγράφηκαν από το ιστορικό τους διαπιστώθηκαν να είναι η αρτηριακή υπέρταση (55,8%), τα μυοσκελετικά νοσήματα (28,2%), ο σακχαρώδης διαβήτης (21,2%), η χρόνια αποφρακτική πνευμονοπάθεια (14,4%) και η θυρεοειδοπάθεια (9,2%). Επίσης διαπιστώθηκε υψηλή βαθμολογία της κλίμακας Βarthel (μέση τιμή 96,9) και χαμηλά επίπεδα έκπτωσης γνωστικών διαταραχών (μέση βαθμολογία κλίμακας MMSE25.2±4.3, p<0.001) και συναισθηματικών διαταραχών (μέση βαθμολογία κλίμακας GDS 3,9). Ένα από τα κύρια ευρήματα της μελέτης ήταν ότι οι συμμετέχοντες εμφάνιζαν υψηλή ικανότητα διαχείρισης του stress της καθημερινότητας και συγχρόνως υψηλή πνευματικότητα (θρησκευτικότητα) (p=0,039). Οι γυναίκες εμφάνιζαν έναντι των ανδρών σημαντικά μεγαλύτερη μέση βαθμολογία συναισθηματικών διαταραχών – GDS (4,6 έναντι 3,2, p=0,001) και χαμηλότερη γνωσιακών διαταραχών - MMSE (24,6 έναντι 26,0, p=0,001) ή αίσθησης της συνεκτικότητας - SOC (117,9 έναντι 128,4, p=0,032). Πάνω από το 1/3 των ατόμων (37,3%) θεωρούσε ότι έχει καλό επίπεδο γενικής υγείας και μόλις το 7,5% ανέφερε κακή υγεία ενώ σημαντικά υψηλότερο ποσοστό των γυναικών έναντι των ανδρών θεωρούσαν ότι έχουν κακή υγεία (9,5% έναντι 4,5%, p=0,002). Μεγαλύτερη χρήση των υπηρεσιών υγείας αναφορικά με τις επισκέψεις στον Γενικό Ιατρό και τις παραπομπές για νοσηλεία, φαίνεται να έκαναν οι άνδρες που διαβιούσαν μόνοι. Συμπέρασμα: Το παρόν διδακτορικό πόνημα παρουσιάζει ένα μέρος των αναγκών υγείας και του επιπέδου υγείας ηλικιωμένων κατοίκων σε μια αγροτική περιοχή της Κρήτης. Περαιτέρω μελέτη θεωρείται απαραίτητη για την διερεύνηση της αλληλεπίδρασης ψυχοκοινωνικών, βιολογικών ή άλλων παραγόντων στη διατήρηση της καλής γενικής υγείας του πληθυσμού, παρά την ύπαρξη πολλαπλών παραγόντων κινδύνου. Η μελέτη αυτή μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί από τους σχεδιαστές των υπηρεσιών υγείας ως αναφορά για την υιοθέτηση μέτρων και εργαλείων στην καθημερινή πρακτική.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID 19 Precautionary Measures on Management of Chronic Disease Patients Following in Primary Health Care Centers Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Jawaher Mitwalli ◽  
Nouf Njaifan ◽  
Rania Harere ◽  
Nuha Sharaf ◽  
Afnan Owaidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Care Centers

Purpose: Since the declaration of the wide and progressive spread of COVID-19 as a pandemic, the health systems worldwide are facing challenges in the balance between applying recommended precautionary measures for COVID-19, while maintain providing essential routine health care to other groups like chronic diseases' patients. The current study aims to explore impact of precautionary measures of COVID-19 on chronic diseases' patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Through an analytical cross-sectional study; a representative sample of chronic diseases' patients were selected randomly from primary health care centers in Jeddah. They were invited to respond to a valid questionnaire designed to collect data about the impact of Covid 19 pandemic measures on chronic diseases’ patients. The questionnaire is adapted from valid published questionnaires conceptualized around the impact of Covid 19 measures on chronic patients. Chi-square test was used to identify association between the health status and the independent variables. P-value <0.05 was considered as an indication for significance.   Results: Out of all respondents (n=386) there was almost equal distribution of females (52.3%) and males (47.7%), and remarkable dominance of Saudis (91.7%); two thirds (62.7%) reported one chronic disease while the rest had two or more diseases. Considerable proportions faced difficulties in medical appointments (43.8%), reaching physicians (30.1%) and obtaining medicines (16.6%) during the pandemic. The health status of 23.3% became worse; especially among those with low income (46.4%), those who needed emergency care (57.1%) and all who did not get it p<0.005. Conclusion and recommendations: The precautionary measures of COVID-19 have an impact on the care, health status of chronic diseases' patients. Efforts should be made to plan for innovative measures to ensure providing essential health care to chronic diseases' patients during pandemics.

scholarly journals A retrospective audit of antibiotic prescriptions in primary health-care facilities in Eastern Region, Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Anne Ahiabu ◽  
Britt P Tersbøl ◽  
Richard Biritwum ◽  
Ib C Bygbjerg ◽  
Pascal Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Primary Health Care Facilities

scholarly journals Factors affecting health care users’ first contact with primary health care facilities in north eastern China, 2008–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e003907
Author(s):  
Ran Liao ◽  
Yaqian Liu ◽  
Shunzhuang Peng ◽  
Xing Lin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Hierarchical Medical System

BackgroundChina set out the vision to establishing a hierarchical medical system, with primary health care (PHC) facilities serving health care users’ first contact. Common ailments were listed, supported by a series of auxiliary policy measures. We aim to assess whether these policies were effective to prompt users’ preference to PHCs within these contexts.MethodsUsing data from three waves of National Health Service Survey, we examined trends in care users’ first contact with PHC facilities in Jilin, a north eastern province, during 2008–2018. We analysed trends and factors affecting care users’ choices, stratified by type of diseases and urban–rural settings.ResultsFrom 38 823 respondents, the survey identified 3302 health care users who sought outpatient care. 54.92% and 82.49% with diseases recommended to PHC, in urban and rural Jilin, respectively, contacted PHC facilities first. While 33.51% and 61.19% with diseases not recommended to PHC did so. Care users’ first contact with PHC facilities followed an inverse U shape during 2008–2018. Such trends were more profound among care users with hypertension and/or diabetes. Neither social health insurance coverage nor contracting with family doctors was associated with care users’ first contacts. Only 1.25% care users had referral experiences. Low perceived quality was the main barrier to choose PHC facilities.ConclusionHealth care users sought PHC in a chaotic manner in Jilin. None of the recent efforts seemed effective in prompting their preference to PHC facilities. Without levering quality of PHC, an effective hierarchical medical system could be hardly forged in China.

Preparing nurses for primary health care futures: how well do Australian nursing courses perform?

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Keleher ◽  
Rhian Parker ◽  
Karen Francis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Curriculum Reform ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Educational Preparation ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion

Health reform is increasingly targeted towards strengthening and expansion of primary health systems as care is shifted from hospitals to communities. The renewed emphasis on prevention and health promotion is intended to curb the tide of chronic disease and sustain effective chronic disease management, as well as address health inequities and increase affordable access to services. Given the scope of nurses’ practice, the success of Australia’s health system reforms are dependent on a nursing workforce that is appropriately educated and prepared for practice in community settings. This article reports on the results of an Australian national audit of all undergraduate nursing curricula to examine the extent of professional socialisation and educational preparation of nurses for primary health care. The results of the audit are compared with Australian nursing standards associated with competency in primary health care. The findings indicate that Australian nursing competencies are general in their approach to skills and knowledge, not specifying any particular competencies for primary health care, while undergraduate student preparation for practice in primary health and community settings is patchy and not keeping pace with reform agendas that promote expanded roles for nurses in primary health care, prevention and health promotion. The implication for nursing curriculum reform is that attention to achieving nursing graduate capacity for primary health care and health promotion is a priority.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document