Reconsidering the Resilience of Pastoralism from the Perspective of Reliability: The Case of Conflicts between the Samburu and the Pokot of Kenya, 2004-2009

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-277
Author(s):  
Shinya Konaka
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
High Input ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Mobile Phone Network ◽  
Process Variance ◽  
Output Variance

This article explores an overlooked aspect of the 'resilience of pastoralism' in crises through an ethnographic case study of a series of conflicts between the Samburu and the Pokot in Kenya that erupted in 2004. Emery Roe's concepts of reliability professionals and real-time management of pastoralists are utilised as theoretical frameworks for this study. It was observed that the 'logic of high input variance matched by high process variance to ensure low and stable output variance' occurred through the formation of clustered settlements and an inter-ethnic mobile phone network. This case illustrates how pastoralists endured the conflict as reliability professionals.

Digitising an Australian university hospital: qualitative analysis of staff-reported impacts

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Rebekah Eden ◽  
Andrew Burton-Jones ◽  
James Grant ◽  
Renea Collins ◽  
Andrew Staib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Real Time Data

Objective This study aims to assist hospitals contemplating digital transformation by assessing the reported qualitative effects of rapidly implementing an integrated eHealth system in a large Australian hospital and determining whether existing literature offers a reliable framework to assess the effects of digitisation. Methods A qualitative, single-site case study was performed using semistructured interviews supplemented by focus groups, observations and documentation. In all, 92 individuals across medical, nursing, allied health, administrative and executive roles provided insights into the eHealth system, which consisted of an electronic medical record, computerised decision support, computerised physician order entry, ePrescribing systems and wireless device integration. These results were compared against a known framework of the effects of hospital digitisation. Results Diverse, mostly positive, effects were reported, largely consistent with existing literature. Several new effects not reported in literature were reported, namely: (1) improvements in accountability for care, individual career development and time management; (2) mixed findings for the availability of real-time data; and (3) positive findings for the secondary use of data. Conclusions The overall positive perceptions of the effects of digitisation should give confidence to health services contemplating rapid digital transformation. Although existing literature provides a reliable framework for impact assessment, new effects are still emerging, and research and practice need to shift towards understanding how clinicians and hospitals can maximise the benefits of digital transformation. What is known about the topic? Hospitals outside the US are increasingly becoming engaged in eHealth transformations. Yet, the reported effects of these technologies are diverse and mixed with qualitative effects rarely reported. What does this paper add? This study provides a qualitative assessment of the effects of an eHealth transformation at a large Australian tertiary hospital. The results provide renewed confidence in the literature because the findings are largely consistent with expectations from prior systematic reviews of impacts. The qualitative approach followed also resulted in the identification of new effects, which included improvements in accountability, time management and individual development, as well as mixed results for real-time data. In addition, substantial improvements in patient outcomes and clinician productivity were reported from the secondary use of data within the eHealth systems. What are the implications for practitioners? The overall positive findings in this large case study should give confidence to other health services contemplating rapid digital transformation. To achieve substantial benefits, hospitals need to understand how they can best leverage the data within these systems to improve the quality and efficiency of patient care. As such, both research and practice need to shift towards understanding how these systems can be used more effectively.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the success of inventory control in the stores division of the eThekwini Municipality, Durban : a case study

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zwelihle Wiseman Nzuza
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Control ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Communication Time

The Stores Division reportedly found it very difficult to control inventories as well as executing roles and responsibilities allocated in the section. The aims of this study were to identify factors affecting the success of inventory control and to assess strategies used by the Stores Division of the eThekwini Municipality in Durban to control inventory stocks. In order to arrive at the deep structure underpinning inventory control, three theoretical frameworks were used, i.e., stock diffusion theory, application control theory and inventory control in theory and practice. This case study was census, descriptive, cross-sectional and predominantly quantitative in nature with only two open-ended questions. The 57 questionnaires were administered by members of staff at the Stores and Procurement Divisions of the eThekwini Municipality in Durban. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and categorised according to themes. The IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 was used to determine statistical results. The findings of the study revealed that employees lack proper training and education and that there is poor inventory control planning, lack of staff communication and lack of procurement time management when processing inventory orders. Respondents also indicated that there are no common strategies in place to control inventories. The study recommends that the Stores Division should consider the levels of staff qualifications, provide more staff training, and improve inventory control planning; communication; time management, and instigate innovative strategies in order to eradicate growing costs of inventory stocks. Moreover, the internal control processes need to be mapped according to the various roles identified.

An Interactive Mobile Phone–Website Platform to Facilitate Real-Time Management of Medication in Chronically ill Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Anglada-Martínez ◽  
Maite Martin-Conde ◽  
Marina Rovira-Illamola ◽  
Jose Miguel Sotoca-Momblona ◽  
Ethel Sequeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Chronically Ill Patients

Invasive computing for timing-predictable stream processing on MPSoCs

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Wildermann ◽  
Michael Bader ◽  
Lars Bauer ◽  
Marvin Damschen ◽  
Dirk Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Design Space Exploration ◽  
Timing Analysis ◽  
Application Mapping ◽  
Application Architecture ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Timing Properties ◽  
Run Time

AbstractMulti-Processor Systems-on-a-Chip (MPSoCs) provide sufficient computing power for many applications in scientific as well as embedded applications. Unfortunately, when real-time requirements need to be guaranteed, applications suffer from the interference with other applications, uncertainty of dynamic workload and state of the hardware. Composable application/architecture design and timing analysis is therefore a must for guaranteeing real-time applications to satisfy their timing requirements independent from dynamic workload. Here, Invasive Computing is used as the key enabler for compositional timing analysis on MPSoCs, as it provides the required isolation of resources allocated to each application. On the basis of this paradigm, this work proposes a hybrid application mapping methodology that combines design-time analysis of application mappings with run-time management. Design space exploration delivers several resource reservation configurations with verified real-time guarantees for individual applications. These timing properties can then be guaranteed at run-time, as long as dynamic resource allocations comply with the offline analyzed resource configurations.This article describes our methodology and presents programming, optimization, analysis, and hardware techniques for enforcing timing predictability. A case study illustrates the timing-predictable management of real-time computer vision applications in dynamic robot system scenarios.

Between the newsroom and the pub: The mobile phone in the dynamics of everyday mainstream journalism practice in Zimbabwe

Journalism ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayes Mawindi Mabweazara
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Constructivist Approaches

This article uses an ethnographic case-study approach to investigate the deployment of the mobile phone by Zimbabwean mainstream print journalists in the dynamics of their daily professional routines and practices. The study’s theoretical and conceptual framework draws on social constructivist approaches to technology and the sociology of journalism to provide a direction for conceptualizing the interplay between journalists, their immediate context of practice and the wider socio-political and economic milieu that collectively structure and constrain the appropriation of the mobile phone. The findings suggest that the technology has assumed a taken-for-granted role in the routine operations of journalists and, in particular, that it is redefining traditional newsmaking practices. The article concludes that the cultural and social appropriations of the mobile phone by Zimbabwean mainstream journalists suggest that the technology has acquired new meanings in the social context of its appropriation. Its pervasiveness in everyday life has facilitated the blurring of the boundaries between the work and the private life of journalists.

scholarly journals Az egynapos látogatóforgalom elemzése mobilcella adatok alapján: esettanulmány Szentendre példáján = An analysis of same-day visitor flow based on mobile phone network data: a case study of Szentendre

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (KSZ) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Attila Csaba Kondor ◽  
Tünde Szabó ◽  
Márton Prorok
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Mobile Phone Network

A tanulmány célja az egynapos látogatóforgalom (szatellit turizmus) nagyságának és speciális jellemzőinek elemzése a budapesti agglomerációhoz tartozó attraktív kisváros, Szentendre, példáján a Magyar Telekom mobiltelefon-hálózatának adatforgalma alapján. Elsőként meghatároztuk azokat a paramétereket, amelyek alkalmasak lehetnek a napi ingázás, ezen belül a külföldi és belföldi szatellit turisták azonosítására, majd ezeket egy saját fejlesztésű szoftver segítségével bizonyos időszakokra vonatkozóan lekérdeztük a cella-adatbázisból. A napi ingázási adathalmazból különböző validációs lépések segítségével elkülönítettük a turistákat a munkavállalási, a tanulási és a tranzit célú ingázóktól. Az adatbázisunk alapján 2019-ben kb. 510.000 főre becsültük a napi látogatóforgalom volumenét Szentendrén, amelynek 75%-a belföldi látogató. A hagyományos turizmushoz képest a szatellit turizmust kevésbé érinti a szezonalitás, de erőteljes hétköznap-hétvége dichotómia figyelhető meg, főleg a belföldi látogatók esetében.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Behavior and Financial Status of Soccer Fans from a Mobile Phone Network Perspective: Euro 2016, a Case Study

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
Gergő Pintér ◽  
Imre Felde
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Mobile Phone Network ◽  
European Football ◽  
Soccer Fans ◽  
The City ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Call Detail Records

In this study, Call Detail Records (CDRs) covering Budapest for the month of June in 2016 were analyzed. During this observation period, the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship took place, which significantly affected the habit of the residents despite the fact that not a single match was played in the city. We evaluated the fans’ behavior in Budapest during and after the Hungarian matches and found that the mobile phone network activity reflected the football fans’ behavior, demonstrating the potential of the use of mobile phone network data in a social sensing system. The Call Detail Records were enriched with mobile phone properties and used to analyze the subscribers’ devices. Applying the device information (Type Allocation Code) obtained from the activity records, the Subscriber Identity Modules (SIM), which do not operate in cell phones, were omitted from mobility analyses, allowing us to focus on the behavior of people. Mobile phone price was proposed and evaluated as a socioeconomic indicator and the correlation between the phone price and the mobility customs was found. We also found that, besides the cell phone price, the subscriber age and subscription type also had effects on users’ mobility. On the other hand, these factors did not seem to affect their interest in football.

Overcoming Challenges of International Migration Research: A Case Study Approach in Southern Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Julie Boyles
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Migration Research

An ethnographic case study approach to understanding women’s actions and reactions to husbands’ emigration—or potential emigration—offers a distinct set of challenges to a U.S.-based researcher.  International migration research in a foreign context likely offers challenges in language, culture, lifestyle, as well as potential gender norm impediments. A mixed methods approach contributed to successfully overcoming barriers through an array of research methods, strategies, and tactics, as well as practicing flexibility in data gathering methods. Even this researcher’s influence on the research was minimized and alleviated, to a degree, through ascertaining common ground with many of the women. Research with the women of San Juan Guelavía, Oaxaca, Mexico offered numerous and constant challenges, each overcome with ensuing rewards.

“We’ll Take the Tough Ones”

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-584
Author(s):  
Chrysanthi S. Leon ◽  
Corey S. Shdaimah
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Diversion Programs ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Professional Goals ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Justice Systems

Expertise in multi-door criminal justice enables new forms of intervention within existing criminal justice systems. Expertise provides criminal justice personnel with the rationale and means to use their authority in order to carry out their existing roles for the purpose of doing (what they see as) good. In the first section, we outline theoretical frameworks derived from Gil Eyal’s sociology of expertise and Thomas Haskell’s evolution of moral sensibility. We use professional stakeholder interview data (N = 45) from our studies of three emerging and existing prostitution diversion programs as a case study to illustrate how criminal justice actors use what we define as primary, secondary, and tertiary expertise in multi-agency working groups. Actors make use of the tools at their disposal—in this case, the concept of trauma—to further personal and professional goals. As our case study demonstrates, professionals in specialized diversion programs recognize the inadequacy of criminal justice systems and believe that women who sell sex do so as a response to past harms and a lack of social, emotional, and material resources to cope with their trauma. Trauma shapes the kinds of interventions and expertise that are marshalled in response. Specialized programs create seepage that may reduce solely punitive responses and pave the way for better services. However empathetic, they do nothing to address the societal forces that are the root causes of harm and resultant trauma. This may have more to do with imagined capacities than with the objectively best approaches.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document