Differences in human and sheep platelet adherence, aggregation and activation induced by glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system

In human cardiovascular research, sheep in particular are used as a large animal model in addition to pigs. In these animals, medical products, developed and tested for human medical purposes, are almost exclusively used in interventional studies. Therefore, the extent to which platelets from human and ovine blood differ in terms of adherence, aggregation and activation after a 4- or 8-minutes exposure to glass was investigated. Testing was performed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and a modified Chandler loop system, with 4- and 8-minute blood-material exposure times corresponding to 20 and 40 test cycles, respectively, through the entire silicon tube loop of the test system. In sheep and human PRP, contact with the silicone tubing resulted in a decrease in platelet count after 4 minutes and 20 test cycles, respectively. Four more minutes (20 additional test cycles) caused a further decrease of the platelet count only in sheep PRP. When the silicon tube was partly filled with glass beads, these effects were more pronounced and stronger in sheep then in human PRP. The mean platelet volume, which was used as parameter for platelet aggregation, did not change over time in human PRP without glass exposure. With glass exposure in human and sheep PRP the mean platelet volume increased within 40 test cycles, but this increase was stronger in sheep than in human PRP. Regarding activation behavior, the activation markers CD62P and CD63 were detectable only in < 30% (sheep) and < 45% (human) of platelets, whereas after 8 min of glass exposure, the proportion of CD62P+ and CD63+ cells was more increased than before only in sheep. These results indicate that ovine platelets adhere more strongly to glass and show stronger aggregation behavior after glass contact than human platelets, but that ovine and human platelets differ only slightly in activability by glass.

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Differences in human and minipig platelet number, volume and activation induced by borosilicate glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation ◽

10.3233/ch-219201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Greif ◽

C. Mrowietz ◽

M. Wendt ◽

F. Jung ◽

B. Hiebl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Devices ◽

Human Platelets ◽

Loop System ◽

Large Animal Model ◽

Large Animal ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Cardiovascular Research ◽

Activation Markers ◽

Platelet Number ◽

Chandler Loop

The pig is the most widely used large animal model in Europe, with cardiovascular research being one of the main areas of application. Adequate refinement of interventional studies in this field, meeting the requirements of Russel and Burchs’ 3 R concept, can only be performed if blood-contacting medical devices are hemocompatible. Because most medical devices for cardiovascular interventional procedures are developed for humans they are tested mostly for compatibility with human blood. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether there are differences in behavior of porcine and human platelets when they come into contact with glass, which was used as an exemplary thrombogenic material. For this purpose changes of platelet count, platelet volume and platelet expression of the activation markers CD61, CD62P and CD63 were measured using a modified chandler loop-system simulating the fluidic effects of the blood flow. Minipig and human platelets showed significant differences in number and volume, but not in activation after 4–8 min exposure to glass.

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Acute and Chronic Changes in Platelet Volume and Count After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induced Thrombocytopenia in Man

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1651061 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 57 (01) ◽

pp. 55-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

J F Martin ◽

T D Daniel ◽

E A Trowbridge

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Graft ◽

Control Group ◽

Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Young Males ◽

The Mean

SummaryPatients undergoing surgery for coronary artery bypass graft or heart valve replacement had their platelet count and mean volume measured pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively and serially for up to 48 days after the surgical procedure. The mean pre-operative platelet count of 1.95 ± 0.11 × 1011/1 (n = 26) fell significantly to 1.35 ± 0.09 × 1011/1 immediately post-operatively (p <0.001) (n = 22), without a significant alteration in the mean platelet volume. The average platelet count rose to a maximum of 5.07 ± 0.66 × 1011/1 between days 14 and 17 after surgery while the average mean platelet volume fell from preparative and post-operative values of 7.25 ± 0.14 and 7.20 ± 0.14 fl respectively to a minimum of 6.16 ± 0.16 fl by day 20. Seven patients were followed for 32 days or longer after the operation. By this time they had achieved steady state thrombopoiesis and their average platelet count was 2.44 ± 0.33 × 1011/1, significantly higher than the pre-operative value (p <0.05), while their average mean platelet volume was 6.63 ± 0.21 fl, significantly lower than before surgery (p <0.001). The pre-operative values for the platelet volume and counts of these patients were significantly different from a control group of 32 young males, while the chronic post-operative values were not. These long term changes in platelet volume and count may reflect changes in the thrombopoietic control system secondary to the corrective surgery.

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Prognostic impact of the mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio in terms of survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Lung Cancer ◽

10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.08.020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 97-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Noriko Inagaki ◽

Kayoko Kibata ◽

Takeshi Tamaki ◽

Toshiki Shimizu ◽

Shosaku Nomura

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Platelet Count ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Small Cell ◽

Prognostic Impact ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

The Mean

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Evidence of Phylogenetic Canalisation of the Circulating Platelet Mass in Man

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1649350 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 27 (01) ◽

pp. 159-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

W. E von Behrens

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Total Mass ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Platelet Size ◽

Biochemical Function ◽

Objective Classification ◽

The Mean ◽

Platelet Mass

SummaryPhylogenetically mammalian platelets are an apocrine secretion from nucleated thrombocytes, and biologically the number of circulating fragments is irrelevant compared with their total mass and biochemical function. The literature on human genetic derangements affecting the circulating platelet mass is reviewed. The product of platelet count and platelet volume is shown to be “canalised” since many congenital forms of thrombocytopenia are associated with a reciprocal increase in the mean platelet volume. Considerations of platelet size are essential since macrothrombocytopenia is a racial characteristic of many Mediterranean peoples and probably also occurs frequently in others races. The location of platelet disorders in relation to the phylogenetic canal provides an objective classification which has diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic significance.

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Effects of biological variations on platelet count in healthy subjects in China

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th03-05-0276 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 91 (02) ◽

pp. 367-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jing Yang ◽

Xiaojun Lu ◽

Tokuhiro Okada ◽

Tamiaki Kondo ◽

Changgeng Ruan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Bleeding Time ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Normal Platelet Count ◽

Normal Platelet ◽

Low Platelet Count ◽

The Mean

SummaryThe effects of biological variations on platelet counts were investigated in 694 healthy subjects aged 18 to 60 years living in three cities including Chengdu (Sichuan Province), Suzhou (Jiangsu Province) and Harbin (Heilongjang Province) in China. Platelet counts in healthy subjects were significantly lower in Chengdu (52∼202 X 109/L) and Suzhou (60∼259 X 109/L) than in Harbin (154∼348 X 109/L)(p <0.0001), but the mean platelet volume (MPV) determined concurrently was negatively correlated with platelet count, the MPV values were significantly higher in Chengdu (11.8∼15.6 fl) and Suzhou (10.9∼15.8 fl) than in Harbin (9.5∼12.9 fl) (p < 0.0001). Platelet counts were significantly higher in summer (73∼289 X 109/L) than in winter (52∼202 X 109/L) (p <0.0001), but the MPV values were lower in summer (11.2∼14.7 fl) than in winter (11.8∼15.6 fl) (p <0.05) in Chengdu. Platelet associated immunoglobulin (PA-IgG) in Chengdu was revealed to be significantly higher in the low platelet count group (<150 X 109/L, 13.5 ± 7.1 ng/107 PLT) than in the normal platelet count group (≥150 X 109/L, 8.3 ± 2.7 ng/107 PLT)(p <0.0001). Similar results were observed in Suzhou for the reticulated platelet ratio, which was significantly higher in the low platelet count group (19.5 ± 7.1%) than in the normal platelet count group (11.6 ± 2.7%)(p <0.01). The bleeding time in Chengdu showed a significantly longer time in the low platelet count group (8.6 ± 2.3 min) than in the normal platelet count group (6.0 ± 1.2 min)(p <0.01). With regard to the effects of lipids on platelet counts, the HDL values were significantly higher in the normal platelet count group (1.60 ± 0.76 mmol/L) than the low platelet count group (1.23 ± 0.31 mmol/L) (p <0.01); but no significant differences in cholesterol and triglycerides values between the normal and low platelet count groups (p >0.05) were recorded. These findings suggest that the platelet counts could be greatly influenced in healthy subjects by biological variations such as geographical, seasonal, and lipid variations.

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Assessment of the Mean Platelet Volume-to-Platelet Count Ratio in Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Case Control Study

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.5336/dermato.2021-82039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 118-124

Author(s):

Gül Aslıhan ÇAKIR AKAY ◽

Burcu TUĞRUL

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Alopecia Areata ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Count Ratio ◽

The Mean ◽

Control Study

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Predictors of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula (POPF) After Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Clinical Significance of the Mean Platelet Volume (MPV)/Platelet Count Ratio as a New Predictor

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11605-021-05136-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Azmi Lale ◽

Ilter Kirmizi ◽

Betul Dagoglu Hark ◽

Veysel Karahan ◽

Remzi Kurt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Pancreatic Fistula ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Count Ratio ◽

The Mean

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The Effect of Mean Platelet Volume/Platelet Count Ratio on Dipper and Non-Dipper Blood Pressure Status

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55110742 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (11) ◽

pp. 742 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Murat Meric ◽

Serkan Yuksel ◽

Metin Coksevim ◽

Okan Gulel

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Platelet Count ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Platelet Reactivity ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Platelet Activity ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

The Mean ◽

Baseline Characteristics

Background and Objectives: The mean platelet volume (MPV) represents a possible marker of platelet activation. There is an association between the platelet count (PC) and inflammation and platelet reactivity. We assessed the association between the MPV/PC ratio and circadian alterations in blood pressure (BP). Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty subjects in total, 80 hypertensive subjects and 40 healthy subjects (controls), were enrolled in the study group. Twenty four hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was applied to all subjects. According to ABPM results, the hypertensive subjects were separated into two groups, such as dippers (n = 40) and non-dippers (n = 40). In all subjects, the collection of venous peripheral blood samples was performed on admission for PC and MPV measurements. Results: The two groups exhibited similar clinical baseline characteristics. A significantly higher MPV/PC ratio was determined in non-dippers compared to that in dippers and normotensives. The higher MPV/PC ratio was observed in non-dippers in comparison with that in dippers and normotensives (0.046 ± 0.007 to 0.032 ± 0.004 fL/[109/L]; 0.046 ± 0.007 to 0.026 ± 0.004 fL/[109/L], p < 0.001, respectively). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the optimum cut-off value of the MPV/PC ratio for predicting non-dipping patterns in hypertensive patients was 0.036 (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.98, p < 0.001). According to the cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were found to be 95% and 95%, respectively. Conclusions: The higher MPV/PC ratio was determined in non-dipper hypertensive subjects in comparison with that in dipper hypertensive subjects. An elevation of platelet activity and an increase in thrombus burden are reflected by an increase in the MPV/PC ratio. The MPV/PC ratio may underlie the increase in cardiovascular risk in non-dippers compared to that in dippers.

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