8th Design and Engineering of Neutron Instruments Meeting in North Bethesda Maryland, USA 17–19 September 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Nancy Hadad ◽  
D.C. Anderson ◽  
S. Désert ◽  
N. Hadad ◽  
S.R. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
International Society ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
What Works ◽  
Life Cycle Design ◽  
The University

We present a summary description of the 8th annual international Design and Engineering of Neutron Instruments Meeting (DENIM) which was held in North Bethesda, MD, USA, September 17–19, 2019. DENIM VIII was organized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) in combination with the University of Maryland (UMD). DENIM specifically addresses the unique field of neutron instrument engineering, a subcategory of neutron scattering science. DENIM is organized by engineers for engineers who share openly about what works and what doesn’t work in the life cycle design of an instrument used to analyze materials with neutrons. DENIM is held under the patronage of the International Society of Neutron Instrument Engineers which was formed in 2017. At DENIM VIII, there were 3 keynote talks, 29 additional presentations and 13 posters (presented to the plenary in a poster slam session). Attendees toured the unique labs at NIST including the NCNR. Four parallel knowledge sharing sessions helped attendees explore mutual challenges and solutions in the areas of Instrument Installation Survey and Alignment, Electrical Grounding, Choppers and Velocity Selectors, and 3D Printing.

Elevating the Scientific and Public Policy Discourse on Crime Prevention: Taking Stock of the ‘What Works’ Report’s Influence 20 Years on

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-285
Author(s):  
Brandon C Welsh ◽  
Andrea B Wexler
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
What Works ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
The University ◽  
Evidence Based Policing

Abstract In 1997, the Office of Justice Programs published Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn’t, What’s Promising (Sherman, L. W., Gottfredson, D. C., MacKenzie, D. L., Eck, J. E., Reuter, P., and Bushway, S. D. (1997). Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn’t, What’s Promising. Washington, DC: Office of Justice Programs). The report was commissioned by the US Congress and was prepared by a team of criminologists from the University of Maryland. It aspired to be a methodologically rigorous and comprehensive review of the effectiveness of crime prevention programmes, ranging from prenatal home visits to community policing to parole. This 20-year review of the ‘what works’ report finds that it has been influential in elevating both the scientific and public policy discourse on crime prevention. It did this on three main fronts. First, it reaffirmed that not all evaluation designs are equally valid and made clear that only designs that provide confidence in observed effects should contribute to the evidence base. Secondly, it advanced the equally important task of assessing research evidence and, despite some limitations, adopted a more rigorous method for this purpose. Thirdly, undergirding all of this was the report’s commitment to the communication of science for the benefit of all parties: policymakers, practitioners, researchers, and the public. Implications for policy—with special reference to evidence-based policing—and research are discussed.

scholarly journals Liquid materials for biomedical research: a highly IT-integrated and automated biobanking solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Popp ◽  
Romanus Diekmann ◽  
Lutz Binder ◽  
Abdul R. Asif ◽  
Sara Y. Nussbeck
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
The University ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract Various information technology (IT) infrastructures for biobanking, networks of biobanks and biomaterial management are described in the literature. As pre-analytical variables play a major role in the downstream interpretation of clinical as well as research results, their documentation is essential. A description for mainly automated documentation of the complete life-cycle of each biospecimen is lacking so far. Here, the example taken is from the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), where the workflow of liquid biomaterials is standardized between the central laboratory and the central biobank. The workflow of liquid biomaterials from sample withdrawal to long-term storage in a biobank was analyzed. Essential data such as time and temperature for processing and freezing can be automatically collected. The proposed solution involves only one major interface between the main IT systems of the laboratory and the biobank. It is key to talk to all the involved stakeholders to ensure a functional and accepted solution. Although IT components differ widely between clinics, the proposed way of documenting the complete life-cycle of each biospecimen can be transferred to other university medical centers. The complete documentation of the life-cycle of each biospecimen ensures a good interpretability of downstream routine as well as research results.

Life-Cycle Engineering Design

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (B) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Life Cycle Engineering ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Design Representation ◽  
Life Cycle Design ◽  
Representation Scheme

Life-cycle engineering seeks to incorporate various product life-cycle values into the early stages of design. These values include functional performance, manufacturability, serviceability, and environmental impact. We start with a survey of life-cycle engineering research focusing on methodologies and tools. Further, the paper addresses critical research issues in life-cycle design tools: design representation and measures for life-cycle evaluation. The paper describes our design representation scheme based on a semantic network that is effective for evaluating the structural layout. Evaluation measures for serviceability and recyclability illustrate the practical use of these representation schemes.

Prevalence of Child Abuse Among the University Students: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in University of the Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Syed Saleem Abbas ◽  
Tahira Jabeen
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
International Society ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The University

There is dearth of data regarding child abuse in Islamic Republic of Pakistan due to the strong taboo about discussing the child abuse. This is pioneering study aimed to providing the estimates on the prevalence of child abuse in Pakistan. This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study on the prevalence of child abuse using simple random sampling. The study was conducted using standardized International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect tool International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect Child Abuse Screening Tools Retrospective version. Data were collected from 274 students of 4-year BS program in the University of the Punjab, Lahore. According to the findings, physical abuse has the highest rate 57% (46% females and 68% males) of prevalence. Emotional abuse is the second highest form of abuse with 53% prevalence rate (54% females and 53% males). Among the other forms neglect is 40% (40% females and 40% males) and 41% respondents (39% females and 44% males) disclosed being sexually abused. Most frequently reported category of the perpetrator according to the findings of this study are the parents (20%) followed by friends (16%) and teachers (14%). Single year with highest report of all forms of abuse is 12th year, and the age span with maximum occurrence of abuse is from 10 to 15 years for all forms of abuse. Microsoft Excel was used for data processing and interpretation.

scholarly journals Evolution and Vertical Structure of an Undular Bore Observed on 20 June 2015 during PECAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 3775-3794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Mueller ◽  
Bart Geerts ◽  
Zhien Wang ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Coltin Grasmick
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
University Of Wyoming ◽  
Cold Pool ◽  
Undular Bore ◽  
Wave Trapping ◽  
Hydraulic Theory ◽  
The University ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Scorer Parameter ◽  
Equal Amplitude

This study documents the evolution of an impressive, largely undular bore triggered by an MCS-generated density current on 20 June 2015, observed as part of the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) experiment. The University of Wyoming King Air with profiling nadir- and zenith-viewing lidars sampled the south-bound bore from the time the first bore wave emerged from the nocturnal convective cold pool and where updrafts over 10 m s−1 and turbulence in the wave’s wake were encountered, through the early dissipative stage in which the leading wave began to lose amplitude and speed. Through most of the bore’s life cycle, its second wave had a higher or equal amplitude relative to the leading wave. Striking roll clouds formed in wave crests and wave energy was detected to about 5 km AGL. The upstream environment indicates a negative Scorer parameter region due to flow reversal at midlevels, providing a wave trapping mechanism. The observed bore strength of 2.4–2.9 and speed of 15–16 m s−1 agree well with values predicted from hydraulic theory. Surface and profiling measurements collected later in the bore’s life cycle, just after sunrise, indicate a transition to a soliton.

scholarly journals The McDonaldization of Academic Libraries?

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Fast Food Industry ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
The University

George Ritzer, a sociologist at the University of Maryland, has proposed an influential thesis that suggests that many aspects of the fast food industry are making their way into other areas of society. This article explores whether his thesis, known as the McDonaldization thesis, is applicable to academic libraries. Specifically, it seeks to determine to what extent academic libraries may be considered McDonaldized, and if so, what effect McDonaldization may be having on them. It also investigates some possible alternatives to McDonaldization, and their implications for academic libraries.

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