scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF QUANTITATIVE CONTENT OF CHARGE STOCKS IN GASOLINE AND DIESEL FUEL BINARY MIXTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Rudniev ◽  
A. Klimchuk ◽  
O. Bui ◽  
L. Nardid ◽  
V. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Target Component ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Initial Boiling Point ◽  
True Value ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

An approach to establishing quantitative indicators of the composition of gasoline and diesel fuel mixtures with determination of the content of charge stocks is presented. Correctness indicator of the method, as a measure of deviation from a true value, was 6.5% volume while studying the model sample. As an auxiliary method for qualitative determination of gasoline or diesel fuel, the method of fractional distillation (distillation) at atmospheric pressure was used. Determination of the fractional composition of the mixtures was carried out under normal conditions for charge stocks as well as their mixtures with a concentration range of predominantly 10% volume. Research has shown a significant increase in the final boiling point temperature with availability of even a small amount of diesel fuel in gasoline as well as decrease in the initial boiling point when adding gasoline to diesel fuel. The study by gas-liquid chromatography method made it possible to establish an approximate boundary of gasoline components redistribution: diesel fuel mixtures when their proportions are changed. It was noted that the main redistribution of components occurs before and after adding n-Nonane which content in gasolines and diesel fuels is relatively small. Using the ratio of the sum of point areas eluting before n-Decane (without n-Nonane) and after n-Decane (including n-Nonane), considering unidentified ones, as the distribution coefficient of the source k components , it was possible to establish proportions of source components. The k coefficient dependence on the content of diesel fuel is nonlinear. Transition to linear relationship in the coordinates of the linear logarithm of the k coefficient and the content of diesel fuel showed the presence of strong negative correlation with the values of the coefficient of reliability of approximation from -0.982 to -0.997 for model mixtures. The practical application of the k coefficient to determine the content of gasoline and diesel fuel can be recommended when constructing narrow calibration dependences in the range from 20 to 40% (vol.) of the target component.

scholarly journals Determination of Diesel Fuel and Motor Oil in Water and Wastes by a Modified Diesel-Range Organics Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Method

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M Draper ◽  
Joginder S Dhaliwal ◽  
S Kusum Perera ◽  
Frank J Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Sample Introduction ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Oil In Water

Abstract The American Petroleum Institute method for determination of diesel-range total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) by gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detection was modified to allow simultaneous determination of motor oil. Motor oil elutes as a broad hump of unresolved alkanes and can be distinguished readily from diesel fuel and other fuel oils by its profile. The boiling point ranges for No. 2 diesel fuel and motor oil are C10– C21 and C21–C38, respectively, and these ranges define TPHs in diesel fuel (TPH-D) and motor oil (TPH- M). By this convention, less than 6% of No. 2 diesel is characterized as TPH-M, and less than 9% of motor oil is quantitated as TPH-D. Inlet discrimination was observed when motor oil was injected with a splitless injector. Accurate motor oil quantitation with splitless sample introduction requires calibration with the product or triacontane, which has a similar response factor. Detector response to motor oil (and other petroleum products) and a homologous series of n-alkanes was nearly constant when on-column injection was used. Instrument detection limit for motor oil was about 0.5 μg (split- less injection, total area under the curve), and the widest linear range (up to 100 μg) was obtained by subtracting the solvent chromatogram. Procedures for isolation of motor oil from oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/0) emulsions are described. Method detection limits for diesel fuel and motor oil in purified water were 0.041 and 1.5 mg/L, respectively.

Etude par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de substances volatiles issues du bois de chêne

OENO One ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
F. Marsal ◽  
Ch. Sarre
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Phase Gazeuse ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Oak Wood ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

<p style="text-align: justify;">Une méthode de dosage par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de substances cédées par le bois de chêne (furfural, méthyl-5 furfural, alcool furfurylique, <em>cis </em>et <em>trans </em>β-méthyl γ-octalactone) est mise au point. On suit l'évolution de ces substances dans les solutions synthétiques et dans les vins.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">A gas-liquid chromatography method for determination of volatile compounds of oak wood barrels (furfural, 5-methyl furfural, furfuryl alcohol, <em>cis</em> and <em>trans </em>β-methyl γ-octalactone) is described. We study the evolution of these substances in synthetic solutions and wines.</p>

Alternative butanol/gasoline and butanol/diesel fuel blends: An analysis of the interdependence between physical-chemical properties by a multivariate principal component analysis model

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 733-754
Author(s):  
Luiz Filipe Paiva Brandão ◽  
Jez Willian Batista Braga ◽  
Paulo Anselmo Ziani Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Principal Component Analysis Model ◽  
Initial Boiling Point ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Physical Chemical

The use of butanol as an oxygenated component in blends with fossil fuels has recently been recognized by the industry as a promising and green alternative for automotive use, being subject of several recent studies. In this work, the interdependence between important physical-chemical properties of butanol/gasoline and butanol/diesel fuel blends was investigated using a multivariate principal component analysis model. The model dataset was based on laboratorial results of density, kinematic viscosity, distillation, vapor pressure, octane rating, anti-knock index, flash point and cetane number in a total of 48 blends, the variables of which were transformed to principal component analysis matrix representations, pre-processed and then analyzed. A good coherence was observed between the experimental results in laboratory and those derived from the principal component analysis models, evidencing important physical-chemical changes in blends’ properties due to the butanol addition. Principal component analysis scores and loadings plots could provide an intuitive and comprehensive data visualization. Butanol/gasoline fuel blends showed an overall increase in density, octane rating and higher distillation temperatures from the initial boiling point to T60 (temperature of the 60% distilled volume) and reduction of the distillation temperatures from T70 to the final boiling point. An absolute reduction in values of all properties was observed for butanol/diesel fuel blends, especially for initial distillation temperatures from initial boiling point to T35, T98, final boiling point and flash point, whereas the reductions for density, kinematic viscosity and cetane number were less intense. Total variances of up to 92.50% and 94.14% were explained by the proposed principal component analysis model, depending on the blends matrix and butanol isomer composition.

Determination of Erythrocyte Fatty Acids by Capillary Gas Liquid Chromatography

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Taylor ◽  
Harry I Pandov ◽  
Nigel Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

A capillary gas liquid chromatography method was established for the routine determination of fatty acid profiles from washed erythrocyte membranes. Only the five major fatty acids found in erythrocytes (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) had acceptable precision (CVs <10·0%) for use in establishing quantitative differences between groups of individuals. Reference values were established for the relative amounts of these five fatty acids in adults. Significant alterations in the relative concentrations of oleic and arachidonic acids were found after storage at +4°C for 24 h, which has important implications in the study of changes in erythrocyte fatty acids in cancer and diabetes.

Determination of the hydrocracking and hydroisomerization activities of catalysts containing zeolites Y and ZSM-5 for high boiling hydrocarbons conversion

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1549
Author(s):  
Jolanta R. Grzechowiak ◽  
Aleksandra Masalska
Keyword(s):  
Boiling Point ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Initial Boiling Point ◽  
Hydrocracking Process ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Oil Cracking

Hydrocracking, hydroisomerization activities and selectivities were investigated using silica-alumina, silica-alumina-Y, and silica-alumina-ZSM-5 catalysts. The results show that white oil cracking activity of H-ZSM-5-containing catalyst is much higher than the cracking activity of H-Y. The work has shown that it is possible to carry out hydrocracking process at temperature 593-613 K and space velocity 2-3 h-1 (pressure 5·1 MPa, H2 : CH = 500 Nm3 m-3 h-1) using H-ZSM-5 containing catalysts. In such conditions, 76-84 wt. % of liquid product from white oil was obtained. After removing the low boiling fraction (below the initial boiling point of the feed), the lowering of the freezing point from 252 to 235 K was noticed.

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