The history of the creation of the Iron and Steel Institute is given. It is
shown that the creation and establishment of the Institute was determined by the need to
develop the country's ferrous metallurgy. The Institute has united groups of
metallurgical scientists, scattered in their activities, who worked in various institutes of
the country. The program of the Institute, despite its youth, was wide and relevant,
which can be explained by the experience, initiative and scale of the activities of the
scientists who headed the departments of the institute. The origins of the creation of the
scientific themes of the Institute, which covered all the major redistribution of the steel
industry, are given. The major scientific developments created by the Institute’s staff for
the first time in world and domestic practice, which currently form the basis of world
metallurgy, are given. Outstanding scientists of the Institute created quite a few
scientific schools, which even today continue to make an invaluable contribution to the
development of scientific subjects, the implementation of the results of basic and applied
research in metallurgical enterprises. The analysis shows that the strategic direction of
development of the domestic metallurgy in the future is an evolutionary change in
metallurgical technologies. In this regard, the main areas of scientific and technical
support of blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production, heat treatment of rolled
products developed at the Institute are given. Examples of modern scientific
developments of the Institute are given.