THE STUDY OF MATERIAL CULTURE OF THE IBAN COMMUNITY IN SARAWAK: NGEPAN

Cultural identity is a specific word that refers to individuals and communities in distinguishing themselves from others. One of the most dominant identities in a community culture is traditional clothing. In Sarawak, the traditional dress for the Iban is commonly known as Ngepan Indu. The Ngepan Indu is often worn during the Gawai Dayak celebration season as well as several other ritual ceremonies such as the Miring ceremony (Offerings) and Melah Pinang (Marriage). The Iban community believes that the Ngepan Iban is an identity and cultural icon in today's customs. Apart from that, Ngepan Iban is one of the treasures and legacies of Petara (God) who inhabited a kingdom called Panggau Libau, Tinting Gawai Gasing Gerah Layang so that Iban always remembered Petara and the origin of Iban's ancestors. This paper aims to analyze and understand the Ngepan Indu in the context of the custom and culture of the Iban community by using the qualitative research method based on the collective memory of the Iban cultural experts in Sarawak. Through this research, it is expected to have an effective and progressive impact to regenerate the spirit of Iban culture to continue persistently preserve the Ngepan Iban as a cultural heritage from the ancestors of the past, so that it will continue to be preserved for the future.

Ethnomathematics-Based Learning Tools

The application of the learning from the home system (BDR) and the implementation of social distancing require teachers to develop mathematics learning resources by utilizing an environment close to students' daily lives. However, there are still many teachers who have difficulty developing learning resources that are suitable for students to apply. This study aimed to design a good, practical, and efficient ethnomathematical-based learning device by utilizing Pawon (kitchen) as a learning resource. Learning tools are designed by modifying the Borg and Gall development procedures, namely exploration, planning, development, initial revision, limited trial, final revision, and dissemination. The learning tools developed are then validated by media, material, and cultural experts, which are then tested on three teachers and 12 students. Data collection instruments in the form of exploration sheets and questionnaires. The analysis technique was carried out through quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The study results are that the design of the learning device developed meets the valid criteria as indicated by the percentage of assessments by material experts, media experts, practitioners, and cultural experts in Kulon Progo Regency, which reaches almost 100%. Practicality criteria based on assessments by teachers and students included in the excellent category and effective criteria based on the criteria reference assessment, more than 75% of students get scores above the minimum completeness criteria (KKM). The results of the development of ethnomathematical-based learning tools meet the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective for use in learning mathematics for elementary school students.

Komunikasi Antar Budaya Dalam Perspektif Antropologi

Intercultural communication develops based on two interconnected premises. First, you live in a time when changing technology, travel, economic and political systems, immigration patterns, and population density have resulted in a world in which you regularly interact with people from different cultures. Second, nowadays, people are very sensitive to the fact that the influence of culture on communication is very close and great. Your cultural background and experience help you determine how the world should be for you and how you will interact with it. Anthropological perspective in intercultural communication is looking at intercultural communication from an anthropological point of view, because the communication already contains cultural values. Intercultural communication is part of the marriage between the disciplines of anthropology and communication which later became a separate discipline both in communication science and in anthropology. Anthropology is one of the fields of science that is the root or foundation of the birth of communication science. In subsequent developments, cultural experts realized the importance of communication in the cultural field.

Development of Learning Media for Acehnese Culture Picture Books to Get to Know Local Culture in Early Childhood

Indonesia has so much cultural diversity. Culture is Indonesia’s national identity. Every culture cannot be separated from the cultural values of society in ancient times. This study intends to look at the development of picture book learning media with the theme of Acehnese culture to stimulate children to get to know the local culture. This study is commonly referred to as Research and Development (R&D). The type of data in this research and development consists of two types of data, qualitative data, and quantitative data. Researchers took qualitative data by conducting observation, interviews, and documentation for the quantitative data obtained from research respondents, including material experts, media experts, cultural experts, and users of learning media. The results of this study are: (1) The development of picture book media is designed using Corel Draw to design layouts, depict illustrations, smoothing using snape, printing and giving to content/material experts, media experts, and cultural experts to determine the feasibility of the designed media. (2) The results from the content experts get a percentage of 100%, media experts get a percentage of 96%, cultural experts get a percentage of 96%, small-scale trials are 3.9%, and large-scale trials are 4.6%. Finally, this research contributes to in-depth knowledge that picture book learning media with the theme of Acehnese culture can stimulate children to get to know the local culture.

Komunikasi Antar Budaya Dalam Perspektif Antropologi

Intercultural communication develops based on two interconnected premises. First, you live in a time when changing technology, travel, economic and political systems, immigration patterns, and population density have resulted in a world in which you regularly interact with people from different cultures. Second, nowadays, people are very sensitive to the fact that the influence of culture on communication is very close and great. Your cultural background and experience help you determine how the world should be for you and how you will interact with it. Anthropological perspective in intercultural communication is looking at intercultural communication from an anthropological point of view, because the communication already contains cultural values. Intercultural communication is part of the marriage between the disciplines of anthropology and communication which later became a separate discipline both in communication science and in anthropology. Anthropology is one of the fields of science that is the root or foundation of the birth of communication science. In subsequent developments, cultural experts realized the importance of communication in the cultural field. Keywords: Intercultural communication and in anthropological perspective

Integration of Historical Images–Reconstructions into the Infrastructure of the Recreated Fortification Complexes (On the Example of the Abalak Field Festival)

Цель исследования – выявление потенциала интеграции исторических образов-реконструкций в инфраструктуру воссозданного объекта оборонного зодчества на примере фестиваля «Абалакское поле» (Тюменская область). Привлечены фактографические данные и фотоматериалы,выявленные в сети Интернет, результаты научных изысканий историков архитектуры, культурологов и искусствоведов, связанные с проблематикой исторической реконструкции объектов архитектуры и архитектурно-исторической среды. Исследована инфраструктура комплекса «Абалакская крепость», выделены ее локусы (компоненты), определены исторические образы-реконструкции, связанные с каждым из них, выявлены пути интеграции этих образов в архитектурную среду воссозданной крепости. Установлено, что локусы инфраструктуры, формы историко-культурной реконструкции, использованные в них, и образы-реконструкции, интегрированные в фестивальное действо, образуют три сферы, от оптимального сочетания которых зависит успех фестиваля реконструкции. The aim of the study is to identify the potential for the integration of historical images–reconstructions into the infrastructure of a recreated object of defense architecture using the example of the Abalak Field Festival (Tyumen Oblast). This festival has been held in the vicinity of Tobolsk since 2009 and annually attracts up to 20 thousand participants fond of historical reconstruction. The author involved factual data and photographic materials found on the Internet, the results of scientific research by architectural historians, cultural experts and art historians related to the problems of historical reconstruction of architectural objects and the architectural and historical environment. The use of an integrative-infrastructural approach has been substantiated; it involves the application of methods of visual-figurative analysis of photo and video documents. Through this analysis, associative information is extracted from visual sources, which then serves as one of the resources for obtaining innovative theoretical results. The study of the infrastructure of the Abalak Fortress complex made it possible to identify its loci, that is, the components of the infrastructure of the reconstructed fortification complex focused on individual fragments of historical memory and its actualization. On the basis of these loci, by the method of visual-figurative analysis, the historical images–reconstructions associated with them were determined and the ways of their integration into the architectural environment of the reconstructed fortress were identified. It has been established that the infrastructure loci, the forms of historical and cultural reconstruction distributed over them, and the images–reconstructions included in the festival action form three spheres; and the success of the festival of historical reconstruction depends on their optimal combination. The following components of the infrastructure of the Abalak Fortress have been identified: a space for guard; a space for dwelling, celebrations and feasts; a tiltyard (place for fights); a space for fairs, craft workshops; a space for recreation and entertainment. The algorithm of the sequence of images–reconstructions associated with the Abalak Fortress is determined. These images, integrated into six loci, generally characterize the architectural ensemble of the fortress, give visitors, tourists, participants in festivals of historical reconstruction a visual and figurative understanding of the past in its various manifestations, help to assimilate folk traditions and recreate them in various forms in any historical territories.

Local language programs in cultural radios to maintain Indonesian national identity

Private radio, which relies on programs with local cultural content in local languages, affects the success of reaching large audiences and financial benefits. In East Java, four private radios have the advantage of local cultural programs, namely Radio Jodhipati FM in Nganjuk, Radio Sritanjung FM in Banyuwangi, Radio Nada FM Sumenep, and Radio Media FM in Surabaya. This study aims to determine what cultural programs can increase the number of listeners and profitability on the four cultural radios. Furthermore, to find out why listeners like local cultural programs of each radio. This research on broadcast content on four cultural radios uses virtual ethnographic methods by collecting data, both offline and online. Researchers are involved in broadcasting activities on four cultural radios (offline) and listener interaction activities in the virtual world (online), namely Facebook and WhatsApp. This study conducted interviews with twelve informants representing radio management, local cultural figures, and loyal listeners. The results showed that each radio has excellent cultural programs with a solid appeal to maintain listener loyalty. The four cultural radios involve cultural experts in designing cultural programs. Listeners try to maintain local tastes because they realize that love for local culture is a strengthening of national identity, which is the richness of Indonesian culture.

Pengembangan E-modul Berbasis Etnomatematika yang Mengeksplorasi Nilai dan Budaya Islam untuk Siswa SMP

This study aims to determine the appropriateness of ethnomatematics-based e-modules that explore Islamic values and culture in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This type of research is a research and development method using the Borg and Gall model. Through these stages of development, a major product is produced in the form of e-modules based on ethnomatematics that explore Islamic values and culture. Subjects in this study were students of SMP Negeri 4 Purworejo 2019/2020 Academic Year. The instrument used in this study was an assessment sheet by material experts, media experts, cultural experts, atomathematics experts, student questionnaires and evaluation test questions. The results obtained were a feasibility test through a questionnaire conducted by material experts, media experts, cultural experts and ethnomatematics experts meeting valid criteria with an average of 3.63. Ethnomatematics-based e-Modules that explore Islamic values and culture meet practical criteria with an average of 3.11 and show the level of practicality with good criteria. Ethnomatematics-based e-modules that explore the values and culture of Islam meet the effectiveness criteria by giving a very positive response with a percentage of 91% of the learning process and showing the completeness of student learning reaches 92% complete. These data indicate that the e-modules developed in this study are categorized as feasible to use reaching 92% complete. The data shows that the e-modules developed in this study are categorized as suitable for use.

The Image of the Goddess Umay in the Contemporary Fine Art Culture of Kazakhstan

The article examines the ethnographic and art-history aspects of the reflection of the artistic image of the ancient Turkic goddess Umay in the modern visual culture of Kazakhstan. The image of this goddess is one of the most widespread in the work of modern Kazakhstani artists, who refer to the symbolism of Tengrian culture in their works. Each of the masters, due to their individual worldview and creative style, interprets it in their own way, thereby enriching the modern visual culture of independent Kazakhstan. It is also necessary to mention that the embodiment of symbols and artistic images of the ancient Turkic Tengrian culture by contemporary artists of Kazakhstan in the visual arts reflects the desire to preserve and rethink the national identity in the context of globalisation processes. The study is an attempt at art criticism analysis based on the application of the hermeneutic methodology of numerous author’s interpretations of the artistic image of the goddess in the fine arts of modern Kazakhstan. The study of the problem of finding and embodying artistic images of the Goddess Umay, reflecting the sacred and mythological aspects of the Tengrian worldview, traditional for the nomadic peoples of the Great Steppe, in the visual culture of modern Kazakhstan, has an important theoretical and educational and methodological value. The conclusions of this study can be used and continued not only in the historical and theoretical works of art historians, cultural experts but also in research and educational-methodical works, when creating courses on the history and theory of fine and applied arts, scientific projects of the teaching staff, students, undergraduates and doctoral students, as well as in the artistic practice and creative activity of contemporary artists.