scholarly journals IMMIGRATION AND MENTAL DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Lambrini Kourkouta ◽  
Konstantinos Koukourikos ◽  
Ioanna V. Papathanasiou ◽  
Areti Tsaloglidou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Support Methods ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Immigration is the movement of people into a country where they will remain as its permanent residents or future citizens without having citizenship. Purpose: The purpose of this review study is to highlight the impact of immigration on the mental health of immigrants and to identify the mental disorders from which immigrants are at risk of getting ill. Methodology: The study material consisted of articles on the topic, found in Greek and international databases such as: Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, Medline and the Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link), using the appropriate keywords: mental illness, immigrants, treatment. Results: It is estimated that two-thirds of refugees - migrants experience anxiety and depression. Studies show that these are populations with severe social problems, unmet needs, and a range of mental health problems such as depression, panic attacks, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conclusions: Addressing the mental health problems of immigrants and refugees can only be holistic. It requires much more psychosocial interventions and practical solutions, always combined with culturally appropriate psychological support methods.

scholarly journals Does the Type of Exposure to Workplace Violence Matter to Nurses’ Mental Health?

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Farinaz Havaei
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Indirect Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Workplace violence is a prevalent phenomenon in healthcare, particularly among nursing professionals. Exposure to workplace violence may be direct through firsthand involvement, indirect through secondhand witnessing, or both. Even though implications for victims of workplace violence have been well-studied, less is known about the various types of exposure and their effects on nurse mental health. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of workplace-violence exposure types on the mental health of nurses, while accounting for the intensity of the incident/s. This study employs an exploratory correlational design with survey methods. Nurses from British Columbia (BC), Canada, were invited by the provincial nurses’ union to complete an electronic survey in Fall 2019. A total of 2958 responses from direct-care nurses in acute-care settings were analyzed using logistic regression. The results showed that mental-health problems increased with cumulative exposure; even though nurses with solely indirect exposure to workplace violence did not report greater mental-health problems, those experiencing solely direct exposure, or both direct and indirect exposure, were two to four times more likely to report high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression and burnout compared to their counterparts with no exposure. There is an urgent need for better mental-health support, prevention policies and practices that take into account the type of workplace-violence exposure.

scholarly journals Online Mental Health Assessments of COVID-19 Patients in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Dayoung Lee ◽  
Soyoen Hyun ◽  
Ji Sun Hong ◽  
Chang-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Post Traumatic

Experiences of infectious diseases cause stressful and traumatic life events, hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients could suffer from various mental health problems requiring psychological support services. This study investigates the severity of mental health problems among confirmed COVID-19 patients. From March to November 2020, we collected the data from 118 COVID-19 patients who voluntarily participated in the National Center for Disaster Trauma's online mental health assessment consisting of self-report scales like Primary Care of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder screen (PC-PTSD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and P4 Suicidality Screener. For control, 116 other disaster-experienced and 386 non-COVID-19-experienced participants were recruited. The COVID-19 patients showed more severe symptoms including post-traumatic symptoms, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms than control groups across all four screening scales (p < 0.001). Regarding high-risk, COVID-19 patients had an increased association with high-risk compared to the comparison groups (PC-PTSD: OR = 24.16, 95% CI = 13.52–43.16 p < 0.001; PHQ-9: OR = 14.45, 95% CI = 8.29–25.19, p < 0.001; GAD-7: OR=20.71, 95% CI = 10.74–39.96, p < 0.001; PHQ-15: OR = 5.65, 95% CI = 3.44–9.25, p < 0.001; P4: OR = 14.67, 95% CI = 8.95–25.07, p < 0.001). This study's results imply that there is a high-risk of overall mental health problems, especially stronger associations of post-traumatic stress symptoms, in COVID-19 patients. These findings help inform practitioners about the psychological responses to COVID-19 experiences and to prepare appropriate interventions and services for the incremental number of confirmed cases.

scholarly journals Psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugee children resettled in high-income countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fazel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
High Income ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
General Mental Health ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Science Methodology

Large numbers of refugee children are arriving in high-income countries. The evidence to date suggests that they have mental health needs that are higher than for the general population and that these are exacerbated by the numbers of traumatic events they have experienced and the post-migration stressors they continue to be exposed to. The importance of a thorough and thoughtful assessment is discussed. Treatments of note are described for post-traumatic stress disorder, family functioning, general mental health problems and school environments. Future opportunities to operationalise outcome measures, develop multimodal interventions and utilise implementation science methodology are considered.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress reactions in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Utøya Island, Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grete Dyb ◽  
Tine K. Jensen ◽  
Egil Nygaard ◽  
Øivind Ekeberg ◽  
Trond H. Diseths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundAlthough youths in many countries have been exposed to terrorism, few studies have examined early risk and protective factors for the subsequent development of mental health problems.AimsTo investigate the levels of post-traumatic stress in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Ut⊘ya Island compared with the general population in Norway, and to identify predictive factors.MethodFour hundred and ninety survivors were invited to participate. Structured face-to-face interviews were performed 4–5 months after the attack.ResultsThere were 325 study participants (response rate 66%). Survivors had been highly exposed to danger and loss. Post-traumatic stress levels were more than six times higher in survivors than in the general population. Predictors were female gender, minority ethnic status, high level of trauma exposure, pain, the loss of someone close and social support.ConclusionsSurvivor characteristics that can be assessed in the early aftermath of a terrorist attack strongly predict the subsequent mental health problems of exposed youths. The highly elevated symptoms observed were largely attributable to the traumatic experience and reflect the mental health costs of the terrorist attack.

Adolescent Exposure to Violence and Adult Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-201
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Covey ◽  
Leah McCoy Grubb ◽  
Robert J. Franzese ◽  
Scott Menard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Adolescent Exposure

The present study investigates how adolescent exposure to violence (AEV), in the form of parental physical abuse, witnessing parental violence, and exposure to violence in the neighborhood, is related to adult anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder, controlling for more general adolescent violent victimization and for self-reports and parent reports of mental health problems in adolescence, on a national household-based probability sample of individuals who were adolescents in the mid-1970s and who were followed through early adulthood in the early 2000s. The results suggest that AEV is associated with mental health problems in adolescence but not, controlling for other variables, in adulthood, but there is continuity in mental health problems associated with AEV from adolescence to adulthood.

Mental Health Problems among Orphanage Children in the Gaza Strip

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Thabet ◽  
Abdel Aziz Mousa Thabet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Lamia Thabet, Abdel Aziz Mousa Thabet, Sajida Abdul Hussein and Panos Vostanis report on a study that aimed to establish the level of emotional problems among 115 children aged 9–16 years (average 13.4), who were living in two orphanages in the Gaza Strip. The children's age of admission to the orphanage (average 8.8 years) was higher than in traditional orphanages in other countries. This was related to the reasons for admission, following their father's death, and the inability of their remaining family to care for them. However, children retained substantial contact with their family of origin by visiting during school holidays (88.6%) or being visited at the unit (97.4%). Using previous standardised mental health measures completed by the children and their main carers, children demonstrated high rates of anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic stress reactions. These mental health problems were strongly inter-related but were not found to be associated with social/care variables. Potential implications of the findings for orphanages and other residential units in developing countries are discussed. These should take into consideration the socio-cultural characteristics of each country and limited local resources; involve non-governmental organisations and local communities; tackle wider stigmatising attitudes; and instill a child-centred philosophy within these settings.

scholarly journals The impact of beliefs about mental health problems and coping on outcome in schizophrenia

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1165-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. LOBBAN ◽  
C. BARROWCLOUGH ◽  
S. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Regulation Model ◽  
The Impact

Background. Using the theoretical framework of the Self Regulation Model (SRM), many studies have demonstrated that beliefs individuals hold about their physical health problems are important in predicting health outcomes. This study tested the SRM in the context of a mental health problem, schizophrenia.Method. One hundred and twenty-four people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were assessed on measures of symptom severity, beliefs about their mental health problems, coping and appraisal of outcome at two time points, 6 months apart.Results. Using multivariate analyses and controlling for severity of symptoms, beliefs about mental health were found to be significant predictors of outcome. Beliefs about greater negative consequences were the strongest and most consistent predictors of a poorer outcome in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.Conclusions. These results suggest that the SRM is a promising model for mental health problems and may highlight important areas for development in clinical, and especially psychosocial interventions.

scholarly journals Threatened Health in Women: A Qualitative Study on the Wives of War Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golbahar Akoondzadeh ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Esmat Nouhi ◽  
Hamid Hojjati
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Post Traumatic

INTRODUCTION & AIM: Post-traumatic stress disorder causes distress and dysfunction in the life of the wives of veterans, which causes physical and mental health problems with the continuation of life. This study examined the life experiences of wives of war veterans with post-traumatic stress.MATERIALS & METHODS: This qualitative study using qualitative content analysis with the participation of 16 wives of war veterans with post-traumatic stress in Golestan province in Iran was conducted in 2015. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and by purposive sampling and continued until data saturation. Data analysis was done continuously and simultaneously with data collection by content analysis method.FINDINGS: Four main categories and nine sub-categories including mental health (mental health problems and the memories), physical function (physical injuries and sleep disorders), captivity in life (humiliation, lack of independence in life), isolation (impairment in social interaction), dysfunction life (damage to the sons, the defect in family interactions) were the main findings of this study, which causes health threats.CONCLUSION: Spouses of veterans have many problems in their daily lives and caregivers by understanding their needs and enhancing information systems, and social support can improve the function of their life.

scholarly journals Collective Trauma and Mental Health in Adolescents: A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Effects of Retraumatization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Pazderka ◽  
Matthew R. G. Brown ◽  
Vincent I. O. Agyapong ◽  
Andrew James Greenshaw ◽  
Caroline Beth McDonald-Harker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Trauma History ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Informed Treatment ◽  
The Impact

In the wake of the massive Canadian wildfire of May 2016 in the area of Fort McMurray Alberta, we observed increased rates of mental health problems, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in school-aged adolescents (ages 11–19). Surprisingly, we did not see these rates decline over the 3.5-year follow-up period. Additionally, our research suggested that the impact of this mass incident resulted in other unanticipated effects, including the finding that children who were not present for and relatively unaffected by the wildfire showed a similar PTSD symptom profile to children more directly involved, suggesting some degree of spillover or stress contagion. A potential explanation for these high rates in individuals who were not present could be undiagnosed retraumatization in some of the students. To investigate this possibility, we compared two groups of students: those who reported the wildfire as their most significant trauma (n = 740) and those who had their most significant trauma prior to the wildfire (n = 295). Those with significant pre-existing trauma had significantly higher rates of both depression and PTSD symptoms, although, unexpectedly the groups exhibited no differences in anxiety level. Taken together, this evidence suggests retraumatization is both longer-lasting and more widespread than might be predicted on a case-by-case basis, suggesting the need to reconceptualize the role of past trauma history in present symptomatology. These findings point to the need to recognize that crises instigated by natural disasters are mass phenomena which expose those involved to numerous unanticipated risks. New trauma-informed treatment approaches are required that incorporate sensitivity to the collective impact of mass crises, and recognize the risk of poorer long-term mental health outcomes for those who experienced trauma in the past.

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