scholarly journals THE ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION WITH PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
M. М. Radomska ◽  
I. V. Horobtsov
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Atmosphere Pollution

The article deals with the dependence between atmospheric air pollution, resulted by the activity of fuel filling stations, and the morbidity of the population at the adjacent areas. The major human health consequences, arising from the inhalation of volatile components of commercial petroleum products, have been analyzed. It has been established that the content of petroleum products in the atmosphere in the zone of fuel filling stations influence exceeds the maximum permissible and corresponding background values. With the help of mathematical analysis it is determined that at these territories the risk for the population to get diseased with respiratory forms of allergy, asthma and chronic respiratory system disorders is higher, as compared with the territories outside the influence of fuel filling stations.

scholarly journals Effects of Environmental Emissions on the Respiratory System: Secrets and Consequences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Hajirasouliha ◽  
Dominika Zabiegaj
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Epithelial Barriers ◽  
Cook Stoves

Human health has been affected adversely by air pollution as a serious environmental challenge. Ambient (outdoor) air pollution mainly resulted from human activities (e.g., fuel combustion, heat generation, industrial facilities) causes 4.2 million deaths every year. Moreover, each year, 3.8 million people die from indoor air pollution which means household exposure to smoke from fuels and dirty cook stoves. They are the risks of stroke, heart attack, lung disease, or cancer that resulted from air pollution which assaults our brain, heart, and lungs using its invisible weapons named particulate matter (PM). These inhalable particles are of a nanoscale or microscale size. Upon inhalation, the air with its components enters the human body through the respiratory system. The lungs are the responsible organs for gas exchange with blood. Inhaled particles, such as silica, organic compounds, and metallic dusts, have toxic effects on our pulmonary system. For example, the accumulation of nanoparticles in the kidneys, liver, spleen, and central nervous system through the penetration of the epithelial barriers in the lungs has been observed. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the toxic effects of air particles on the different organs in the human body and to introduce some of the adverse effects of air pollution on human health.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF CLUSTER IONS AND AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Andris Skromulis
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Cluster Ions ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Air Ions ◽  
Maximum Permissible Level ◽  
Atmospheric Air

Maximum permissible concentration of polluting substances in the atmospheric air is defined in the laws and regulations of many countries. The concentration of cluster ions from 400 to 3000 ions per m3 is generally considered to be appropriate for human health. The author of this article analyses potential cases when air enrichment with air ions could enhance air purification and influence favourably human health. The author also describes possible adverse effects when air ionisation can increase the harmful impact on human body, especially in situations when the concentration of polluting substances exceeds the maximum permissible level.

scholarly journals Man-made pollution of the environment with coal dust as a result of operation and closure of coal mines

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-700
Author(s):  
Maryna S. Gorobei ◽  
Viкtor M. Yermakov ◽  
Оksana V. Lunova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Aerodynamic Interaction ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Atmosphere Pollution

The technological processes of coal mining, enrichment and use, in particular coal combusting is accompanied by formation and release of significant amounts of dust and gases. Atmospheric air protection is one of the most urgent problems of the nowadays technological society, as scientific and technological progress and expansion of production is associated with an increase in negative anthropogenic impacts on the atmosphere. The paper presents a new solution to the current scientific problem of reducing carbon-containing dust content based on the disclosure of the laws of the aerodynamic interaction of dust and water flows in gravitational and electrostatic fields. The authors show in this study the causes of atmosphere pollution with coal-containing dust; main issues of atmospheric air protection at enterprises located in the controlled territory of Ukraine. The data of the first quarter of the 2020 year are presented in the research. The biggest part of the facilities that pollute the atmospheric air are focused in Donetsk and Lugansk regions. It is estimated that the air environment of the underground mine surface complex is filled with exhaust ventilation air of approximately 200.000 m3 per minute with a dust concentration of approximately (5-7) mg / m3, which is equal to 1.5 tons of dust per a day. It is here that the possibility of transporting pollutants over long distances is most often realized. Coarse dust discharged through the ventilation systems of mines is intensively deposited in the sanitary protection zones of mines. Fine dust is carried by the wind outside them, polluting the environment on the distance of up to 3500 m from the coal mine. Emissions of carbon dust into the atmosphere are almost always a major part of transboundary environmental pollution. Mine waste also poses an environmental threat. Technologies of reduction air pollution at the source of carbon-containing dust formation should be used in all new industries of economy. The results obtained reveal the mechanism of interaction of the sprayed liquid with coal dust and can be used in the development of new effective means of controlling the carbon-containing dust. The principles and practices of sustainable development, coupled with local research, will help to contain or eliminate health and environmental risks resulting from air pollution by carbon-containing dust.

scholarly journals AIR POLLUTION AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I. Berezin ◽  
A.K. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
High Level ◽  
Industrial Center

The article is devoted to the assessment of the effects of atmospheric air on health of the population of large industrial center. There were identified priority pollutants that form a health risk. Changes of pollution level of priority pollutants were presented. Found that the high anthropogenic load results in a high level of ecologically dependent morbidity in Samara urban district.

scholarly journals WEB-MAPPING OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION OF LVIV ACCORDING TO THE INDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Sohor ◽  
◽  
Petro Zazuliak ◽  
Roksolana Kvoka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
The City

The condition and composition of atmospheric air are influenced by two main factors: the introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere through various sources and harmful physical effects on it. The latter includes radiation, sound vibrations, noise, and so on. These and other factors disrupt the optimal state of the air, which negatively affects human health, the condition and development of animals and plants. The main sources of pollutants in the air of Lviv are: dust – vehicles, woodworking and building materials industry; sulfur dioxide – industrial enterprises, carbon monoxide – vehicles, thermal power plants; nitrogen dioxide – heat power companies; formaldehyde – motor transport, woodworking industry. Today, emissions from mobile sources are the biggest air pollutants in the city. The chemical composition of emissions from mobile sources of pollution is characterized by the predominance of carbon monoxide (up to 74%), nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbons (12% and 11%, respectively). Today the state of atmospheric air in large cities of Ukraine and, in particular, in the city of Lviv is at an unsatisfactory level. The main problems in this area are the progressive nature of the negative impact on the ecological state of the environment and human health. As there is currently no interactive cartographic material that can visualize the problem of environmental pollution, the main purpose of this work was to create an interactive web map of the quality of life of the population of Lviv in terms of air pollution. To achieve this goal, we collected and systematized geospatial statistical cartographic materials on the ecological state of the air in Lviv. The necessary software for the development of an interactive map of air pollution has been identified and its possibilities have been studied. An algorithm for loading geospatial data into the created web resource has been developed. A template of applications for creating web maps of air pollution in Lviv was selected according to the indicators of the I and II quarters of 2020, which were measured at 30 intersections of the city. Thus, two interactive web maps of air pollution in Lviv were developed in the environment "Google My Maps" and "ArcGIS Online".

scholarly journals Urban Aerosol Size Distributions: A Global Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianren Wu ◽  
Brandon E. Boor
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Effective Density ◽  
Urban Aerosol ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Urban Aerosols ◽  
Accumulation Mode ◽  
Geographical Regions

Abstract. Urban aerosol measurements are necessary to establish associations between air pollution and human health outcomes and to evaluate the efficacy of air quality legislation and emissions standards. The measurement of urban aerosol particle size distributions (PSDs) is of particular importance as they enable for characterization of size-dependent processes that govern a particle’s transport, transformation, and fate in the urban atmosphere. PSDs also improve our ability to link air pollution to health effects through evaluation of particle deposition in the respiratory system and inhalation toxicity. To provide guidance for the evolution of urban aerosol observations, this paper reviews and critically analyzes the current state-of-knowledge on urban aerosol PSD measurements by synthesizing n = 793 PSD observations made between 1998 to 2017 in n = 125 cities in n = 51 countries around the globe. Significant variations in the shape and magnitude of urban aerosol number and mass PSDs were identified among different geographical regions. In general, number PSDs in Europe (EU), North America, Australia, and New Zealand (NAAN) are dominated by nucleation and Aitken mode particles. PSDs in Central, South, and Southeast Asia (CSSA) and East Asia (EA) are shifted to larger sizes, with a meaningful contribution from the accumulation mode. Urban mass PSDs are typically bi-modal, presenting a dominant peak in the accumulation mode and a secondary peak in the coarse mode. Most PSD observations published in the literature are short-term, with only 14 % providing data for longer than six months. There is a paucity of PSDs measured in Africa (AF), CSSA, Latin America (LA), and West Asia (WA), demonstrating the need for long-term aerosol measurements across wide size ranges in many cities around the globe. Inter-region variations in PSDs have important implications for population exposure, driving large differences in the urban aerosol inhaled deposited dose rate received in each region of the human respiratory system. Similarly, inter-region variations in the shape of PSDs impact the penetration of urban aerosols through filters in building ventilation systems, which serve as an important interface between the outdoor and indoor atmospheres. Geographical variations in urban aerosol effective densities were also reviewed. Size-resolved urban aerosol effective density functions from 3 to 10 000 nm were established for different geographical regions and intra-city sampling locations in order to accurately translate number PSDs to mass PSDs, with significant variations observed between near-road and urban background sites. The results of this critical review demonstrate that global initiatives are urgently needed to develop infrastructure for routine and long-term monitoring of urban aerosol PSDs spanning the nucleation to coarse modes. Doing so will advance our understanding of spatiotemporal trends in urban PSDs throughout the world and provide a foundation to more reliably elucidate the impact of urban aerosols on atmospheric processes, human health, and climate.

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