Aerobic exercise training as a mitigator of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease related fibrosis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Melissa A. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Rats

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease that is associated with obesity and is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis (scar tissue) within the liver. This condition is difficult to study in humans, therefore rodent models often are used to better understand factors that cause NASH. Additionally, it is unclear if aerobic exercise training can be used to treat the fibrosis that is associated with NASH. In the present study, lean and hyperphagic,obese rats were fed a diet high in fat, sugar and cholesterol to induce NASH. Hyperphagic, obese rats developed more fibrosis and inflammation within the liver than their lean counterparts, suggesting a more advanced disease state. When animals underwent exercise training or food restriction ([about]25% reduction in daily caloric intake)for 12 weeks, the obese rats had modest improvements in both liver fibrosis and inflammation. These improvements were associated with lowered hepatic stellate cell activation, a cell type in the liver that when activated begins to lay down scar tissue. Interestingly, the inactive, obese rat may actually have had the greatest capacity to turn over fibrotic tissue but this was not enough to overcome the diet-induced fibrosis. It is important to note that although both aerobic exercise training and modest food restriction improved liver health, these animals did not have a complete resolution of the liver disease.

scholarly journals Short-term aerobic exercise training improves gut peptide regulation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 1159-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Kullman ◽  
Karen R. Kelly ◽  
Jacob M. Haus ◽  
Ciaran E. Fealy ◽  
Amanda R. Scelsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common chronic liver disease. Exercise and diet are uniformly prescribed treatments for NAFLD; however, there are limited empirical data on the effects of exercise training on metabolic function in these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fasting and glucose-stimulated adaptation of gut peptides to short-term aerobic exercise training in patients with NAFLD. Twenty-two obese subjects, 16 with NAFLD [body mass index (BMI), 33.2 ± 1.1 (SE) kg/m2] and 6 obese controls (BMI, 31.3 ± 1.2 kg/m2), were enrolled in a supervised aerobic exercise program (60 min/day, 85% of their heart rate maximum, for 7 days). Fasting and glucose-stimulated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-17-36) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYYTotal) concentrations in plasma were assessed before and after the exercise program. Initially, the NAFLD group had higher fasting PYY (NAFLD = 117 ± 18.6, control = 47.2 ± 6.4 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and GLP-1 (NAFLD = 12.4 ± 2.2, control = 6.2 ± 0.2 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and did not significantly increase GLP-1 or PYY in response to glucose ingestion. After the exercise program, fasting GLP-1 was reduced in the NAFLD group (10.7 ± 2.0 pg/ml, P < 0.05). Furthermore, exercise training led to significant increase in the acute (0–30 min) PYY and GLP-1 responses to glucose in the NAFLD group, while the total area under the glucose-stimulated GLP-1 response curve was reduced in both NAFLD and controls ( P < 0.05). In summary, 7 days of vigorous aerobic exercise normalized the dynamic PYY and GLP-1 responses to nutrient stimulation and reduced the GLP-1 response in NAFLD, suggesting that exercise positively modulates gut hormone regulation in obese adults with NAFLD.

scholarly journals Effects of two aerobic exercise training protocols on parameters of oxidative stress in the blood and liver of obese rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Delwing-de Lima ◽  
Ariene Sampaio Souza Farias Ulbricht ◽  
Carla Werlang-Coelho ◽  
Débora Delwing-Dal Magro ◽  
Victor Hugo Antonio Joaquim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Training Protocols

scholarly journals Mechanisms of liver injury in high fat sugar diet fed mice that lack hepatocyte X-box binding protein 1

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261789
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Liu ◽  
Sarah A. Taylor ◽  
Kyle D. Gromer ◽  
Danny Zhang ◽  
Susan C. Hubchak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
End Stage

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of liver diseases in the United States and can progress to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease and need for liver transplantation. There are limited therapies for NAFLD, in part, due to incomplete understanding of the disease pathogenesis, which involves different cell populations in the liver. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and its adaptative unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway have been implicated in the progression from simple hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We have previously shown that mice lacking the UPR protein X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in the liver demonstrated enhanced liver injury and fibrosis in a high fat sugar (HFS) dietary model of NAFLD. In this study, to better understand the role of liver XBP1 in the pathobiology of NAFLD, we fed hepatocyte XBP1 deficient mice a HFS diet or chow and investigated UPR and other cell signaling pathways in hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells and immune cells. We demonstrate that loss of XBP1 in hepatocytes increased inflammatory pathway expression and altered expression of the UPR signaling in hepatocytes and was associated with enhanced hepatic stellate cell activation after HFS feeding. We believe that a better understanding of liver cell-specific signaling in the pathogenesis of NASH may allow us to identify new therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise training improves mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative status in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a non-randomized experimental study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes ◽  
Lucas de Lucena Simões e Silva ◽  
Márcia Saldanha Kubrusly ◽  
Talitta Ricarlly Lopes de Arruda Lima ◽  
Cynthia Rodrigues Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of liver disease. Lifestyle modifications, such as a reduction in body weight (BW) and aerobic exercise training (AET), are effective treatments for NAFLD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of AET on hepatic oxidative metabolism in ob/ob mice. Male ob/ob mice were separated into two groups: the sedentary group (S), n=7, and the trained group (T), n=7. The T mice were submitted to an 8-week protocol of AET at 60% of the maximum velocity achieved in the running test. Before AET, no difference was observed in running capacity between the groups (S=10.4 ± 0.7 min vs. T= 13 ± 0.47 min). However, after AET, the running capacity was increased in the T group (12.8 ± 0.87 min) compared to the S group (7.2±0.63 min). Skeletal muscle in the T group (26.91±1.12 U/mg of protein) showed higher citrate synthase activity compared with the S group (19.28±0.88 U/mg of protein) (p =0.004) . BW and food consumption were significantly reduced in the T group compared to the S group (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). The analysis of hepatic gene expression showed an increase in PGC-1a levels (p=0.002) and a reduction in CPT-1a levels (p=0.03). The levels of TBARs and carbonyls, as well as SOD, CAT and GST, were not different between the groups. In the nonenzymatic antioxidant system, we found that the T group had higher sulfhydryl (p = 0.02), GSH (p=0.001) and GSH/GSSG (p=0.02) activity. The activity of the metabolic enzymes citrate synthase (p=0.004) and β-HAD (p=0.01) was also increased in the T group. Besides improve in metabolism, no differences were observed in the histological analyses. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that AET improves BW control, mitochondrial functionality and oxidative metabolism in ob/ob mice.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise training improves mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative status in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a non-randomized experimental study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes ◽  
Lucas de Lucena Simões e Silva ◽  
Márcia Saldanha Kubrusly ◽  
Talitta Ricarlly Lopes de Arruda Lima ◽  
Cynthia Rodrigues Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of liver disease. Lifestyle modifications, such as a reduction in body weight (BW) and aerobic exercise training (AET), are effective treatments for NAFLD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of AET on hepatic oxidative metabolism in ob/ob mice. Male ob/ob mice were separated into two groups: the sedentary group (S), n=7, and the trained group (T), n=7. The T mice were submitted to an 8-week protocol of AET at 60% of the maximum velocity achieved in the running test. Before AET, no difference was observed in running capacity between the groups (S=10.4 ± 0.7 min vs. T= 13 ± 0.47 min). However, after AET, the running capacity was increased in the T group (12.8 ± 0.87 min) compared to the S group (7.2±0.63 min). Skeletal muscle in the T group (26.91±1.12 U/mg of protein) showed higher citrate synthase activity compared with the S group (19.28±0.88 U/mg of protein) (p =0.004) . BW and food consumption were significantly reduced in the T group compared to the S group (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). The analysis of hepatic gene expression showed an increase in PGC-1a levels (p=0.002) and a reduction in CPT-1a levels (p=0.03). The levels of TBARs and carbonyls, as well as SOD, CAT and GST, were not different between the groups. In the nonenzymatic antioxidant system, we found that the T group had higher sulfhydryl (p = 0.02), GSH (p=0.001) and GSH/GSSG (p=0.02) activity. The activity of the metabolic enzymes citrate synthase (p=0.004) and β-HAD (p=0.01) was also increased in the T group. Besides improve in metabolism, no differences were observed in the histological analyses. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that AET improves BW control, mitochondrial functionality and oxidative metabolism in ob/ob mice.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise training in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related fibrosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 594 (18) ◽  
pp. 5271-5284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Linden ◽  
Ryan D. Sheldon ◽  
Grace M. Meers ◽  
Laura C. Ortinau ◽  
E. Matthew Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document