Protocol for Anesthesia Animal Model in Biomedical Study

Recognition of pain depends upon intact pathways from pain receptors to thethalamus and cerebral cortex, as well as functional cerebral cortex and subcorticalstructures. Thus any means that renders the cerebral cortex nonfunctional, suchas hypoxia or drug depression, prevents pain. When this happens, stimuli thatevoke motor nerve reflexes that may be painful to the conscious animal are notpainful in the unconscious animal. Equally painful stimuli administered toanimals chemically paralyzed by curare or succinylcholine will not evoke a motorreflex simply because of paralysis, but will cause pain because of the consciousstate. Hence, it is possible that unconscious animals may feel no pain but respondto certain stimuli, and paralyzed animals may feel pain but cannot respond.

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The Expression Pattern of Toll-Like Receptor 4, NF-kB, IL-1β, and Inflammation Related MicroRNAs in the Cerebral Cortex of Acute Streptococcus Pneumonia Meningitis Animal Model

10.26226/morressier.57d034cfd462b80292383260 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Omran

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Expression Pattern ◽

Toll Like Receptor ◽

Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽

Streptococcus Pneumonia

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Thermal stimulation neurophysiology of pressure phosphenes

10.1101/2021.03.12.435166 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Kholmansky ◽

Elena Konyukhova ◽

Andrey Minakhin

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Cervical Spine ◽

Water Clusters ◽

Bioelectrical Activity ◽

Subjective Assessments ◽

Amplitude Spectra ◽

Pain Receptors ◽

Resonant Mechanism ◽

Stimulation Of

AbstractSynesthesia of vision and somatosensory is based on physiology of interconnection of neurons in different nuclei of thalamus or areas of cerebral cortex. Work studied effect on the intensity of pressure phosphenes (PP) of various methods of heating eyes and hands, as well as manual influence on cervical spine. Along with subjective assessments of the PP intensity, EEG and ECG were used for chronometry of bioelectrical activity of brain and heart. From analysis of frequency and amplitude spectra of EEG, it was concluded that mechanism of PP generation is dominated by processes of redistribution and recombination of charges in retinal and LGB layers. Stimulation of PP by heating hands was associated with convergence of LGB neurons and neurons of thalamus nuclei, which are responsible for thermoreception and are adjacent to LGB. Enhancement of effect of PP stimulation by heating hands in water and in sauna was explained by resonant mechanism of heat transfer from heated water to water of physiological fluids of epidermis and water associated with proteins of ion channels of thermoreceptor membranes. It was suggested that breakdown of water clusters in physiological fluids of epidermis at temperature above 42 °C promotes to transformation of thermoreceptors into pain receptors.

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A Conscious Animal Model for Studies of Coronary Collateral Blood Flow Dynamics

Coronary Circulation ◽

10.1007/978-4-431-68087-1_21 ◽

1990 ◽

pp. 267-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dean Franklin ◽

Atsushi Mikuniya ◽

Masatoshi Fujita ◽

Masaaki Takahashi ◽

Michael McKown ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Collateral Blood Flow ◽

Coronary Collateral ◽

Conscious Animal ◽

Blood Flow Dynamics ◽

Coronary Collateral Blood Flow

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Geranium oil and anise oil inhibit brain cerebral cortex and hippocampus inflammation in depressed animal model

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-05-2020-0159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Khaled Mohamed Mohamed Koriem ◽

Nevein Naim Fadl ◽

Salwa Refat El-Zayat ◽

Eman Nasr Hosny ◽

Karima Abbas El-Shamy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Psychiatric Disease ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Content Type ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to check the geranium oil and anise oil effect to inhibit inflammation in brain cerebral cortex and hippocampus areas in depression. Design/methodology/approach Depression defined as psychiatric disease and chronic mild stress (CMS) model a well-known animal model of depression that represented major symptoms occurred in human depression. Geranium oil and anise oil selected for such a study to check their anti-inflammatory effect in brain tissues in depressed animal model. Findings The brain cerebral cortex and hippocampus neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and interleukin (IL)-10 significantly decreased (p < 0.001) while brain cerebral cortex and hippocampus IL-1ß, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Ki-67 levels significantly increased (p < 0.001) in CMS rats compared to control. The oral intake of venlafaxine drug, anise oil and geranium oil significantly increased (p < 0.001) serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, GABA and IL-10 while significantly decreased (p < 0.001) IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and Ki-67 levels to approach normal levels in brain cerebral cortex and hippocampus areas compared with CMS rats. Originality/value Antidepressants used in depression treatment but these drugs are either too expensive or had side effects. Folklore and complementary medicine used in different diseases treatment due to cheap and available source. Geranium oil and anise oil had anti-inflammatory effect in brain cerebral cortex and hippocampus areas in CMS rats.

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