Thermal stimulation neurophysiology of pressure phosphenes

Synesthesia of vision and somatosensory is based on physiology of interconnection of neurons in different nuclei of thalamus or areas of cerebral cortex. Work studied effect on the intensity of pressure phosphenes (PP) of various methods of heating eyes and hands, as well as manual influence on cervical spine. Along with subjective assessments of the PP intensity, EEG and ECG were used for chronometry of bioelectrical activity of brain and heart. From analysis of frequency and amplitude spectra of EEG, it was concluded that mechanism of PP generation is dominated by processes of redistribution and recombination of charges in retinal and LGB layers. Stimulation of PP by heating hands was associated with convergence of LGB neurons and neurons of thalamus nuclei, which are responsible for thermoreception and are adjacent to LGB. Enhancement of effect of PP stimulation by heating hands in water and in sauna was explained by resonant mechanism of heat transfer from heated water to water of physiological fluids of epidermis and water associated with proteins of ion channels of thermoreceptor membranes. It was suggested that breakdown of water clusters in physiological fluids of epidermis at temperature above 42 °C promotes to transformation of thermoreceptors into pain receptors.

Raman Tensor of Graphite: Symmetry of G, D and D' Phonons

Since the first record of Raman spectra of graphite in 1970, the physical origin behind its Raman characteristic peaks (i.e., G, D and D' peaks) has been a focus of controversy. At present, it is generally believed that G peak corresponds to Raman active E 2g2 mode, while D and D' peaks are defect-induced ones. However, unequivocal experimental evidence for the phonon symmetries for these graphite Raman peaks is almost still in blank. Here, we clarify these important aspects using an angle resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy. It is found that the experimental Raman intensity of D and D' peaks shows a similar polarized angle dependence as that of G peak. Combined with Raman tensor analysis and double-resonant mechanism, the phonon symmetry of D' and D peak is further understood. Our work provides reliable experimental evidence and reasonable explanation for better understanding the phonon symmetry of graphite.

Toroidal dipole excitation in cylindrically arranged dogbone metallic inclusions

A significant excitation of toroidal moments in cylindrically arranged dogbone metallic inclusions is validated and presented in this paper. The antiparallel poloidal currents excited on the front and back faces of the proposed cylindrical dogbone inclusions create strong magnetic field confinement at the center generating intense toroidal moments on the structure. The significant excitation of toroidal dipole moment causes an improvement in the scattering cross-section from the resonant system. The resonant mechanism is analyzed using the multipole scattering theory, and we used the scattering measurement techniques to characterize the structure experimentally in the microwave regime.

Design of an Isolated Bidirectional Symmetric Resonant Converter

An isolated type bidirectional resonant converter is presented in this paper. Using a dual active bridge as the main topology and integrating symmetric resonant mechanism, the developed converter features an isolated type bidirectional resonant converter with bidirectional power conversion and electrical isolation capabilities to ensure working security and stability. The application of a symmetric resonant scheme enables the control range of input and output voltages to be widened and achieves soft switching during bidirectional power conversion. A converter design process covering all the bases is exhibited in this work. With the digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 being employed as the control core, the developed isolated bidirectional resonant converter can effectively handle the power conversion between the simulated 400 V DC grid and the energy storage battery ranging from 280 to 403 V. Based on a 1 kW capacity design, the test data reveal that the forward conversion efficiency from grid to battery can reach 93.25%, and the reverse conversion efficiency from battery to grid is as high as 94.60%.

Control of electroluminescence in a molecular photodiode by gate voltage

The role of the gate voltage in the regulation of electroluminescence (EL) of a molecular photodiode with asymmetric localization of electron density on the frontier highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the photochromic molecule is considered. It is shown that the gate voltage can have a significant effect on the formation of EL in devices where one of the orbital energy levels are outside the gap between the biased Fermi levels of the electrodes. The role of the gate voltage consists in shifting the position of the orbital energy levels until both frontier levels fall into the gap and thereby provide a resonant mechanism for the formation of EL. This leads to the inclusion of EL at a lower bias voltage than that which includes EL at zero gate voltage. In addition, the shift in energy levels caused by the gate voltage explains the mechanism for controlling the kinetics of bipolarity formation. The effect is carried out by turning on and off the resonant hopping’s of the electron between the conducting states of the electrodes and molecular orbitals localized at different distances from the electrode surfaces.

Influence of atmospheric fronts on free and forced oscillations of the level in the Sea of Azov

The influence of inhomogeneous moving atmospheric pressure fields on currents and free and forced oscillations of the level of the Sea of Azov, induced by constant wind, is studied by the method of mathematical modeling. The hypothesis about the role played by a resonant mechanism in the occurrence of extremely high amplitudes of surge and seiche oscillations, generated by the baric field moving at a speed equal to that of a free long wave, is tested. It is found that, under the same wind, baric disturbances moving over the Sea of Azov induce forced oscillations, and after the disturbances stop, they induce free ones with amplitudes that are higher by 14% than those obtained at constant atmospheric pressure. It is shown that the baric front movement (speed and time of its movement are selected under the assumption that waves with maximum amplitudes are generated) plays an important role in the formation of the current structure and level oscillations in the Sea of Azov.

Quantum Faraday Effect in the Universe

We study the Quantum Faraday rotation starting from the photon self-energy in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The Faraday angle is calculated in the non-degenerate regime and for weak field limit. Two physical scenarios, possibly characterized by these conditions, are the recombination epoch and the jets originated in pulsars. We discuss the resonant behavior that the Faraday angle exhibits in these scenarios and investigate the possibility of detecting cosmic magnetic fields through this resonant mechanism.