The Pollen Morphology of Dragon’s Blood Rattans (Daemonorops spp.) from Sumatra.

Revis Asra, UpikYelianti & Joko Ridho Witono. 2019. The Pollen Morphology of Dragon’s Blood Rattans(Daemonorops spp.) from Sumatra. Floribunda 6(2): 35–40. — Dragon’s blood rattans (Daemonorops spp.) or locally known as jernang, is one of the well anticipated and economically valuable non timber forest products from Sumatra. The species group produces a red resin on the fruit scale and is one of the main resources of some medicines and colouring. The characteristic of pollen morphology was one of important role in determining the pollination system of dioecious species such as dragon’s blood rattans. The purpose of this study was to examine the pollen characteristic and its relation to the pollination system of four species of dragon’s blood rattans from Sumatra, i.e. Daemonorops aff. propinqua Becc., D. propinqua Becc., D. draconcella Becc. and D. didymophylla Becc. Pollen of dragon’s blood rattans were collected from the secondary forest of Jambi and Bukit Duabelas National Park, then stored in FAA solution, followed by observation using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The pollen of Daemonorops aff. propinqua and D. propinqua have aperture and irregular ex-ornamentation type, while D. draconcella is monocolpus and D. didymophylla is tricolpus. The pollen of Daemonorops aff. propinqua and D. propinqua show uneven exines while the others Daemonorops have even exines. Characters of smooth pollen grainsin D. draconcella and D. didymophylla are indicated that those species associated with wind pollination, whereas sculptured pollen grains in Daemonorops aff. propinqua and D. propinqua are associated with insect pollination.

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ANALISIS PROFIL RESORT CAGAR ALAM DOLOK SIBUAL-BUALI SEBAGAI PENENTU STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN

Jurnal Agrotek Lestari ◽

10.35308/jal.v4i1.628 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wienda Lestari Br. Gurusinga ◽

Siti Latifah ◽

Siti Noor Chasanatun

Keyword(s):

Nature Reserve ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Forest Products ◽

Dry Land ◽

The North ◽

Vegetation Disturbance ◽

Biodiversity Preservation ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Resources Conservation

Dolok Sibual Buali Nature Reserve with area’s large + 5000 hectares is one of the five resort models resort based management scope Hall of the North Sumatera’s Natural Resources Conservation. Before implement resort based management, must be known the resort profile. This research aims to known the resort profile of Dolok Sibual Buali Nature Reserve based the cover of vegetation and disturbance area by human activity. This research was conducted in the Nature Reserve Dolok Sibual Buali South Tapanuli on May-June 2013. The methods of data collection are observation and interviews. The data analysis consist of maps analysis and interview results analysis. The cover of vegetation in Dolok Sibual Buali Nature Reserve included safe category with the secondary forest area’s large 4624.84 hectares or about 92.26 % of the total area. The other cover of vegetation are mixed farms, dry land farms, shrubs and rice fields. The form of disturbance area that comes from villages around the area are illegal logging, land conversion, wildlife hunting, theft of non-timber forest products and ecotourism. The conflicts that often occur between communities and area manager are conflicts about area boundaries. Communities also felt anxious caused the wildlife damaged their gardens. The management strategies that should be done are improved the area security and optimization the function of biodiversity preservation by apply the resort based management. Keywords: Cover of vegetation, disturbance area, Dolok Sibual Buali nature reserve, resort based management, resort profile

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Evaluation of NTFPs in the Secondary Forest of Minko’o Village, in the South Cameroon

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v7i1.14094 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Tegno Nguekam Eric Wilson ◽

Ndjeudeng Tenku Simon ◽

Kaho Guimkia Gladys

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Forest Products ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Forest Tree Species ◽

The People ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Spondias Purpurea ◽

Or Organization ◽

The Village

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and some forest tree species are an important source of livelihood to communities. Unfortunately, their potential and uses are much unknown by the population or organization responsible for conservation. It is for this reason that this study was carried out in the village of Minko’o to assess this potential, and to show their importance. A socio-economic survey was carried out in the village and GPS coordinates of the identified NTFPs and forest trees was recorded from the farms/plantations and forest visited. A total of 20 households were surveyed in order to identify the different NTFPs and their utility for the population. Our findings revealed that 50% of the harvest of NTFPs and forest species is done by picking and 45% by collection. Some NTFPs and forest products were known and used by the people. Some of these resources were not known and therefore under exploited. It is the case of Cola (Cola nitida), Soursop (Persea muricata), Akom (Terminalia superba), Mfo (Enantia Chlorantha), Kassimang (Spondias purpurea). Most of NTFPs were grown by the populations and the preferred NTFP was the avocado tree. The forest tree species are mainly used for medicinal purposes. Other trees were used for construction.

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Role of Non-Timber Forest Products in Rural Economy of Farmers

International Journal of Economic Plants ◽

10.23910/2/2020.0381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 165-169

Author(s):

S. Singh ◽

◽

N. Chaudhary ◽

A. K. Bhatia ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Economy ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Rotation Period ◽

Forest Products ◽

Gum Karaya ◽

The People ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Natural Resins

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs), also known as non-wood forest products (NWFPs) and secondary forest products are useful substances obtained from forests. The key feature of NTFP’s is the continuous flow of returns against timber returns that are available intermittently at an interval of rotation period. An estimated 80% of the population of the developing world uses NWFP to meet some of their health and nutritional needs. NTFPs provide greater opportunities to the people by providing employment in the lean agriculture season. Most of the activities pertaining to NTFPs like collection, processing, transportation, marketing etc. are labour intensive and provide employment. India holds monopoly in world trade over some of the natural resins and gums such as lac, gum karaya and guar gum. Tribals derive 20-40% of their annual income from minor forest produce on which they spend major portion of their time. It has been established that a number of tribal, rural and forest department communities derive a significant part of their needs, income food and nutrition. The edible NTFPs play an important role in food & nutritional security of rural people. However, due to number of factors like destruction of natural habitat, fluctuating prices, population growth is hindering the development of NTFPs.

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Illegal rattan extraction trends in the Ankasa Conservation Area in Ghana

Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management ◽

10.26796/jenrm.v2i3.49 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 84-92

Author(s):

R. Obour, D. Amankwaa, A. Asare

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Forest Products ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Techniques ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

The North ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

Protected Areas (PAs) are created for the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, but many of Ghana’s PAs are subjectto severe pressures and threats, the main pressures being the illegal extraction of natural resources. Rattans are indisputablyone of the most important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Ghana’s Protected Areas that is without doubt one of thereasons for which it has drawn the attention of researchers. In this study the illegal rattan extraction patterns in the AnkasaConservation Area (ACA) in Ghana was inspected. Simple random sampling and Snowball sampling techniques were used. Datacollection employed the use of semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field enumeration of rattans as well as an analysisof Effective Patrol Man-days (EPMDS) from 2004 to 2012. The results showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75, p<0.05, r2 = 0.557) between patrol effort and rattan extraction encounters. In addition, there was a general reduction in illegalrattan extraction encounters from 2004 to 2012 at a rate of 4.3 per year. The highest illegal rattan extraction incidences wererecorded in 2006 (76 encounters), 2005 (35 encounters), 2008 (22 encounters), 2004 (18 encounters) and the least incidencewere recorded in both 2010 (3 encounters) and 2011 (3 encounters).The research also revealed that Eremospatha macrocarpawas the most extracted rattan species followed by Laccosperma secundiflorum. The major rattan extraction and trade routesoriginate in the northern parts and in the area east of the reserve and also south of Draw River Forest Reserve. Generally, rattanpoaching in Ankasa Conservation Area has declined, but there are still human incursions in the northern part of the reserve. Thestudy recommended an intensification of patrols in the north of the reserve. Also, enrichment planting and Agroforestry practicesof inter-cropping rattans with seasonal crops should be pursued vigorously for the local communities.

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Market Survey of Non-Timber Forest Products in the Sunyani Municipality

Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management ◽

10.26796/jenrm.v3i2.58 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 44-53

Author(s):

S.D. Akoto

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Forest Products ◽

Packaging Materials ◽

Medicinal Products ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Rural Livelihood ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Communal Lands ◽

Forest Lands

This study sought to: (1) identify the types and sources of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) traded; (2) find the frequencyof the NTFPs trade and (3) identify the challenges in NTFPs trading in the Sunyani Municipality. The survey was carried outfrom February, 2014 to April, 2014 mainly at the Sunyani Central and Nana Bosoma Markets in the Sunyani Municipality. Thetarget population comprised NTFPs collectors (gatherers), sellers and consumers. Respondents were purposively sampled. Atotal of 100 respondents were engaged in this study. The NTFPs were grouped into six categories namely; food, medicine,building materials, packaging materials, artefacts and domestic utensils. Key informants’ interviews were also conducted atthe Sunyani Forest Services Division to triangulate the data already gathered. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was usedto analyze the data obtained. The study demonstrated that domestic utensils (37%), food (33%), medicinal products (12%),packaging materials (9%), artefacts (6%) and building materials (3%) were the types of NTFPs traded in the two market centers.The results also showed that majority of the respondents (77%) harvest their NTFPs from forest lands as against 23% whoharvest from communal lands. A significant proportion of the respondents (52%) traded in above 40 kg of NTFPs and only 4%were seen trading in 10 kg of NTFPs. The study further highlighted that food (28%) and domestic utensils (26%) were regularlybrought to the market centers on weekly basis whilst significant proportions of medicinal products (9%), building materials(3%) and artefacts (4%) were brought to the market venues on monthly basis. Cumbersome permit procedure (40%), increasedmarket demand (15%) and financial constraints (20%) were identified as some of the challenges encountered in NTFPs tradingin the Sunyani Municipality. To ensure strict monitoring and sustainability of the resource, there is the need for sensitizationprogramme on the importance of NTFPs in rural livelihood and why their conservation is vital in meeting the needs of thepresent generation whilst not undermining their potential in supplying the needs of future generations.

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Pollen characterization of ornamental species of Mammillaria Haw. (Cactaceae/Cactoideae)

Acta Biológica Catarinense ◽

10.21726/abc.v6i1.732 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Denise M. D. S. Mouga ◽

Gabriel R. Schroeder ◽

Nilton P. Vieira Junior ◽

Enderlei Dec

Keyword(s):

Pollen Morphology ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Radial Symmetry ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Medium Size ◽

Ornamental Species

The pollen morphology of thirteen species of Cactaceae was studied: M. backebergiana F.G. Buchenau, M. decipiens Scheidw, M. elongata DC, M. gracilis Pfeiff., M. hahniana Werderm., M. marksiana Krainz, M. matudae Bravo, M. nejapensis R.T. Craig & E.Y. Dawson, M. nivosa Link ex Pfeiff., M. plumosa F.A.C. Weber, M. prolifera (Mill.) Haw, M. spinosissima var. “A Peak” Lem. and M. voburnensis Scheer. All analysed pollen grains are monads, with radial symmetry, medium size (M. gracilis, M. marksiana, M. prolifera, large), tricolpates (dimorphs in M. plumosa [3-6 colpus] and M. prolifera [3-6 colpus]), with circular-subcircular amb (quadrangular in M. prolifera and M. plumosa with six colpus). The pollen grains presented differences in relation to the shape and exine thickness. The exine was microechinate and microperforated. The pollen morphological data are unpublished and will aid in studies that use pollen samples. These pollen grains indicate ornamental cacti.

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