scholarly journals Вплив технології виготовлення випаровуємих катодів на якість іонно-плазмових покриттів лопаток турбін

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Володимир Сергійович Єфанов ◽  
Олексій Олександрович Педаш ◽  
Ігор Андрійович Петрик ◽  
Володимир Валерійович Клочихин ◽  
Руслан Юрійович Фетісов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Droplet Phase

The article considers coatings deposited on turbine blades via plasma vapor deposition (PVD) method with Ni-Cr-Al-Y cathodes obtained using powder metallurgy (PM) and electron beam remelting process (EBMR). The study analyzes the effect of cathodes manufacturing techniques on surface roughness of rotor turbine blades. Task: to examine a microstructure and chemical composition of the considered cathodes; to quantify a droplet phase of a heat-resistant coating of turbine blades subdivided into size-fractions. Methods used optical microscopy, SEM-analysis. Next results were obtained. In the microstructure of two cathodes under study, it is revealed γ-solid solution with intermetallic Ni-Cr-Al and yttrium-based phases. Simultaneously, distribution of the yttrium phase in the PM-cathode more uniform in compare with EBMR-cathode. Metallographic studies showed that yttrium phase in the structure of the PM-cathode is highly-dispersed, with sizes up to 5 microns, and due to structural and dimensional heredity received during cathode hot isostatic pressing compaction. The structure of the cathode obtained using EBMR-process is a series of the conglomerates of intermetallic phases, with more than 50 microns long, which are branched out on volume. The compliance of the chemical composition of the cathodes under study to requirements of the specifications is established. After the coating deposition on turbine blades by a PVD-method with cathodes under study, were not observed any coating delamination, and their thickness corresponded to the specifications.  With a distribution analysis of droplet phase on the turbine blade surface were established that coatings with PM-cathode have been characterized by complete absence of a 65 microns droplet phase, and has half less 25…45 microns droplet phase compared with the EBMR-cathode. Conclusions. The coating with PM-cathode has smaller droplet phase on the turbine blade surface and as a result improved their roughness and gas path surface state. The use of PM in the production of the cathodes for protective coatings provides stable performance of installation and provides long-term operation time of cathodes, compared with the EBMR-cathodes.

Mechanical Characteristics Alteration of a Steel Used in Water Turbine Blades

2016 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Răzvan Coman ◽  
Robert Ciocoiu ◽  
Alin Dinita ◽  
Ion Ciucă
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Water Turbine

A water turbine blade was investigated after it was discarded. First general macroscopic observations were performed on the turbine blade surface and then chemical composition of the steel was determined by arc spark optical emission spectroscopy. The study aimed to observe if the mechanical properties of the steel changed by a significant amount when compared with literature data. Tensile and impact tests were performed. The samples were obtained from transverse sections from the blade.

scholarly journals Experience in Extending the Life of Gas Turbine Blades

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Liburdi ◽  
J. O. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Gas Turbine Blades ◽  
Reheat Treatment ◽  
Service Exposure ◽  
Prolonged Service

This paper presents the effects of deterioration of gas turbine blade life with prolonged service exposure. This deterioration is primarily due to internal microstructural changes and the formation of creep voids or cavitation. Methods of evaluating residual blade life or life trend curves are presented along with a documentation of the creep damage observed. The extension of blade life by Hot isostatic pressing versus reheat treatment is discussed and data is presented to show that complete recovery of properties can be achieved even after the material has suffered extensive internal creep damage. As a result, the time between overhauls for blades can be significantly extended, and the need for replacement blades can be minimized.

Research on Wind Turbine Blade Surface Damage Fault On-Line Monitoring and Diagnosis System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxin Feng ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Xiaowen Deng ◽  
Qingshui Gao ◽  
Chu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Wind Turbine Blade ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Diagnosis System ◽  
On Line

The basic fault types of wind turbine blades are introduced, a novel blade surface damage detection method based on machine vision is being suggested. The network of wind turbine blade surface damage fault on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis system has already been developed. The system architecture, software modules and functions are described, and given application example illustrates the usefulness and effectiveness of this system. The result shows that this system can monitor the surface damage failure of the blade in real time, and can effectively reduce the blade’s maintenance costs for wind farms, especially offshore wind farm.

Mechanical Properties According to Heat Treatment for Gas Turbine Blade Material

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Moon Young Kim ◽  
Sung Ho Yang ◽  
Kuk Hyun Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Gas Turbine Blade ◽  
Post Heat Treatment ◽  
Gas Turbine Blades

This work was studied for the changes of thermal properties on GTD-111 DS (Directional Solidification) gas turbine blade. In this study, gas turbine blades with 24,000~34,000 firing hours was used to get more effective result, gradually applied hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and post-heat treatment for these samples. In the latter steps, we observed changes of γ´ phase affected in material properties, and microhardness test was carried out to evaluate mechanical properties according to changes of γ´ fraction and shape. Experimental result shows, changes of γ´ fraction and shape were affected by HIP and post-heat treatment. And also mechanical properties changes such as micro-hardness related to γ´ phase. In this study, we explained changing transition of microstructure according to γ´ fraction distribution.

The Influence of Turbine Blade Geometry and Process Parameters on the Structure of Zr Modified Aluminide Coatings Deposited by CVD Method on the ZS6K Nickel Superalloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Marek Góral ◽  
Maciej Pytel ◽  
Ryszard Filip ◽  
Jan Sieniawski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Aluminide Coating ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Nickel Superalloy ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Aluminide Coatings ◽  
Blade Geometry

The Zr modified aluminide coatings is an alternative concept for replacing Pt-modified aluminide bondcoat for thermal barrier coatings. In the paper the influence of process parameters on the chemical composition and the thickness of aluminide coatings will be presented. The zirconia-doped aluminide coating was deposited on turbine blades made from ZS6K nickel superalloy during the low-activity CVD process. In recent work the influence of turbine blade geometry on thickness of coating was observed. The thickest coating was observed on the trailing and leading edge on the blade cross-section. In the conducted research, the light and scanning electron microscopy were used as well as the EDS chemical composition microanalysis.

Inverse Design of Composite Turbine Blade Circular Coolant Flow Passages

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Lung Chiang ◽  
George S. Dulikravich
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Unconstrained Minimization ◽  
Coolant Flow ◽  
Inverse Design ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Linear Temperature

An inverse design and optimization method is developed to determine the proper size and location of the circular shaped holes (coolant flow passages) in a composite turbine blade. The temperature distributions specified on the outer blade surface and on the surfaces of the inner holes can be prescribed a priori. In addition, heat flux distribution on the outer blade surface can be prescribed and iteratively enforced using optimization procedures. The prescribed heat flux distribution on the outer surface is iteratively approached by using the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) to adjust the sizes and locations of the initially guessed circular holes. During each optimization iteration, a two-dimensional heat conduction equation is solved using direct Boundary Element Method (BEM) with linear temperature singularity distribution. For manufacturing purposes the additional constraints are enforced assuring the minimal prescribed blade wall thickness and spacing between the walls of two neighboring holes. The method is applicable to both single material (homogeneous) and coated (composite) turbine blades. Three different cases were tested to prove the feasibility and the accuracy of the method.

Effective Spectral Emissivity of Gas Turbine Blades for Optical Pyrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibin Tian ◽  
Tairan Fu ◽  
Qiaoqi Xu ◽  
Hongde Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spectral Emissivity ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Effective Emissivity ◽  
Optical Pyrometry ◽  
Actual Surface

Turbine blade temperature measurements are important for monitoring the turbine engine performance to protect the hot components from damage due to excess temperatures. However, the reflected radiation from the blades and the surrounding environment complicate the blade temperature measurements by optical pyrometers. This study characterizes the effect of the reflected radiation on the effective spectral emissivity of a three-dimensional turbine blade in a confined turbine space for optical pyrometry temperature measurements. The effective spectral emissivity distribution on a three-dimensional blade was numerically determined for various wavelengths (0.8–15.0 μm) and actual blade surface emissivities for a specified turbine blade model. When the actual spectral emissivity of the blade surface is assumed to be 0.5, the effective spectral emissivity varies from 0.5 to 0.538 at the longer wavelength of 10.0 μm and further increases from 0.5 to 1.396 at the shorter wavelength of 0.9 μm. The results show that the effective emissivity distributions at shorter wavelengths differ greatly from those at longer wavelengths. There are also obvious differences between the effective spectral emissivity and the actual surface emissivity at shorter wavelengths. The effect of the effective emissivity on the temperature measurement accuracy, when using the optical pyrometry, was also investigated for various wavelengths (0.8–15.0 μm). The results show that the radiation reflected from the blades has less effect on the temperature measurements than on the effective emissivity, especially at the shorter wavelengths of 0.8–3.0 μm. However, the temperature measurements still need to be corrected using the effective spectral emissivity to improve the temperature calculation accuracy. This analysis provides guidelines for choosing the optimum measurement wavelengths for optical pyrometry in turbine engines.

Inverse Design of Composite Turbine Blade Circular Coolant Flow Passages

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-L. Chiang ◽  
G. S. Dulikravich
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Coolant Flow ◽  
Inverse Design ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Linear Temperature ◽  
Circular Holes

An inverse design and optimization method is developed to determine the proper size and location of the circular holes (coolant flow passages) in a composite turbine blade. The temperature distributions specified on the outer blade surface and on the surfaces of the inner holes can be prescribed a priori. In addition, heat flux distribution on the outer blade surface can be prescribed and iteratively enforced using optimization procedures. The prescribed heat flux distribution on the outer surface is iteratively approached by using the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) to adjust the sizes and locations of the initially guessed circular holes. During each optimization iteration, a two-dimensional heat conduction equation is solved using direct Boundary Element Method (BEM) with linear temperature singularity distribution. For manufacturing purposes the additional constraints are enforced assuring the minimal prescribed blade wall thickness and spacing between the walls of two neighboring holes. The method is applicable to both single material (homogeneous) and coated (composite) turbine blades. Three different cases were tested to prove the feasibility and the accuracy of the method.

Aerodynamic Shape Influence and Optimum Thickness Distribution Analysis of Perceptive Wind Turbine Blade

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
J. V. Muruga Lal Jeyan ◽  
Akhila Rupesh ◽  
Jency Lal
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Optimum Thickness

The aerodynamic module combines the three-dimensional nonlinear lifting surface theory approach, which provides the effective propagated incident velocity and angle of attack at the blade section separately, and a two-dimensional panel method for steady axisymmetric and non-symmetric flow has to be involved to obtain the 3D pressure and velocity distribution on the wind mill model blade. Wind mill and turbines have become an economically competitive form of efficiency and renewable work generation. In the abroad analytical studies, the wind turbine blades to be the target of technological improvements by the use of highly possible systematic , aerodynamic and design, material analysis, fabrication and testing. Wind energy is a peculiar form of reduced form of density source of power. To make wind power feasible, it is important to optimize the efficiency of converting wind energy into productivity source. Among the different aspects involved, rotor aerodynamics is a key determinant for achieving this goal. There is a tradeoff between thin airfoil and structural efficiency. Both of which have a strong impact on the cost of work generated. Hence the design and analysis process for optimum design requires determining the load factor, pressure and velocity impact and optimum thickness distribution by finding the effect of blade shape by varying thickness on the basis of both the aerodynamic output and the structural weight.

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