An Inventory Model for Perishable Goods with Partial Backlogging of Shortages

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Subhankar Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Lot Size ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Volatile Liquids ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Total Average Cost ◽  
Total Average ◽  
Stability Of The Solution

This study illustrates inventory associated with deteriorating items. Nowadays the incident deterioration has a major impact on the preservation of goods in terms of handling inventory. The significant effect of deterioration has been observed on volatile liquids, fish, vegetables, etc. Here a mathematical model is presented incorporating the effect of deterioration. The model has been developed on an infinite time horizon. The shortage is allowed and backlogged partially. We aim to find out lot-size and back-ordered quantities in order to minimize the total average cost. In support of the proposed model, a numerical example has been provided. The stability of the solution of that example has been confirmed by performing a sensitivity analysis of key parameters. A graphical representation of cost function regarding decision variables has been displayed.

A system dynamics model for routing and scheduling of cross-dock and transportation in reverse logistics network of perishable goods

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Pezhman Abbasi Tavallali ◽  
Mohammad Reza Feylizadeh ◽  
Atefeh Amindoust
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Logistics Network ◽  
Routing And Scheduling ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Reverse Logistics Network ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Space Requirements

Cross-dock is defined as the practice of unloading goods from incoming vehicles and loading them directly into outbound vehicles. Cross-docking can simplify supply chains and help them to deliver goods to the market more swiftly and efficiently by removing or minimizing warehousing costs, space requirements, and use of inventory. Regarding the lifetime of perishable goods, their routing and scheduling in the cross-dock and transportation are of great importance. This study aims to analyze the scheduling and routing of cross-dock and transportation by System Dynamics (SD) modeling to design a reverse logistics network for the perishable goods. For this purpose, the relations between the selected variables are first specified, followed by assessing and examining the proposed model. Finally, four scenarios are developed to determine the optimal values of decision variables. The results indicate the most influencing factors on reaching the optimal status is the minimum distance between the cross-dock and destination, rather than increasing the number of manufactories.

scholarly journals An Algorithm for Solution of an Interval Valued EOQ Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susovan CHAKRABORTTY ◽  
Madhumangal PAL ◽  
Prasun Kumar NAYAK
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Lot Size ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Single Product ◽  
Interval Numbers ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Interval Valued ◽  
Total Average Cost ◽  
Total Average

This paper deals with the problem of determining the economic order quantity (EOQ)in the interval sense. A purchasing inventory model with shortages and lead time, whose carryingcost, shortage cost, setup cost, demand quantity and lead time are considered as interval numbers,instead of real numbers. First, a brief survey of the existing works on comparing and ranking anytwo interval numbers on the real line is presented. A common algorithm for the optimum productionquantity (Economic lot-size) per cycle of a single product (so as to minimize the total average cost) isdeveloped which works well on interval number optimization under consideration. A numerical exampleis presented for better understanding the solution procedure. Finally a sensitive analysis of the optimalsolution with respect to the parameters of the model is examined.

scholarly journals Using system simulation to search for the optimal multi-ordering policy for perishable goods

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Y.C. Huang ◽  
X.Y. Chang ◽  
Y.A. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Demand ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Ordering Policy ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimal Ordering ◽  
Computerized System

<p>This paper explores the possibility that perishable goods can be ordered several times in a single period after considering the cost of Marginal contribution, Marginal loss, Shortage, and Purchasing under stochastic demand. In order to determine the optimal ordering quantity to improve the traditional newsvendor and maximize the total expected profits, and then sensitivity analysis is taken to realize the influence of the parameters on total expected profits and decision variables respectively. In addition, this paper designed a multi-order computerized system with Monte Carlo method to solve the optimal solution under stochastic demand. Based on numerical examples, this paper verified the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model. Finally, several specific conclusions are drawn for practical applications and future studies.</p>

scholarly journals Lot Size Decisions for Vendor-Buyer System with Quantity Discount, Partial Backorder, and Stochastic Demand

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakhid Ahmad Jauhari
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Quantity Discounts ◽  
Lot Size ◽  
Quantity Discount ◽  
Deterministic Demand ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Unmet Demand ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Production Inventory ◽  
Almost All

This paper presents production-inventory model for two-echelon system consisting of single vendor and single buyer. The proposed model contributes to the current inventory literature by incorporating quantity discount scheme into stochastic vendor-buyer model. Almost all vendor-buyer inventory models have discussed this scheme in single-echelon system and deterministic demand situation. Here, we assume that the demand of the buyer is normally distributed and the unmet demand is considered to be partially backordered. In addition, the lead time is variable and consists of production time and nonproductive time. The quantity discount is developed by using all-units quantity discounts. Finally, an iterative procedure is proposed to obtain all decision variables and numerical examples are provided to show the application of the proposed procedure.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Eoq Model with Shortages Using Kuhns-Tucker Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-827
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Membership Function ◽  
Lot Size ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Penalty Cost ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
Optimum Solution

The work involves purchase inventory model with shortages under fuzzy environment. An EOQ model is formulated in which the input parameters like order cost, demand rate, carrying cost and penalty cost and the decision variables like the maximum invsentory level and the lot size are fuzzified using triangular fuzzy membership function. An optimum solution of the model is arrived by using Kuhn-Tucker conditions. The crisp values of the proposed model is obtained by defuzzifying the assumed model using Graded mean Integration (GMI) method. Finally the solutions are tabulated and an analsysis of the crisp and fuzzy values of the total cost has been done in this paper

A Study of Medical Board Peer Reviews in Nevada

2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Jerry C. Calvanese
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Clark County ◽  
Peer Reviews ◽  
Medical Examiners ◽  
Washoe County ◽  
Total Average Cost ◽  
Total Average

ABSTRACT Study Objective: The purpose of this study was to obtain data on various characteristics of peer reviews. These reviews were performed for the Nevada State Board of Medical Examiners (NSBME) to assess physician licensees' negligence and/or incompetence. It was hoped that this data could help identify and define certain characteristics of peer reviews. Methods: This study examined two years of data collected on peer reviews. The complaints were initially screened by a medical reviewer and/or a committee composed of Board members to assess the need for a peer review. Data was then collected from the peer reviews performed. The data included costs, specialty of the peer reviewer, location of the peer reviewer, and timeliness of the peer reviews. Results: During the two-year study, 102 peer reviews were evaluated. Sixty-nine percent of the peer-reviewed complaints originated from civil malpractice cases and 15% originated from complaints made by patients. Eighty percent of the complaint physicians were located in Clark County and 12% were located in Washoe County. Sixty-one percent of the physicians who performed the peer reviews were located in Washoe County and 24% were located in Clark County. Twelve percent of the complaint physicians were in practice in the state for 5 years or less, 40% from 6 to 10 years, 20% from 11 to 15 years, 16% from 16 to 20 years, and 13% were in practice 21 years or more. Forty-seven percent of the complaint physicians had three or less total complaints filed with the Board, 10% had four to six complaints, 17% had 7 to 10 complaints, and 26% had 11 or more complaints. The overall quality of peer reviews was judged to be good or excellent in 96% of the reviews. A finding of malpractice was found in 42% of the reviews ordered by the medical reviewer and in 15% ordered by the Investigative Committees. There was a finding of malpractice in 38% of the overall total of peer reviews. The total average cost of a peer review was $791. In 47% of the peer reviews requested, materials were sent from the Board to the peer reviewer within 60 days of the original request and 33% took more than 120 days for the request to be sent. In 48% of the reviews, the total time for the peer review to be performed by the peer reviewer was less than 60 days. Twenty seven percent of the peer reviews took more than 120 days to be returned. Conclusion: Further data is needed to draw meaningful conclusions from certain peer review characteristics reported in this study. However, useful data was obtained regarding timeliness in sending out peer review materials, total times for the peer reviews, and costs.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NONCLASSICAL POLARIZATION OF Na+ AND K+ ON THE STABILITY OF SOIL COLLOIDAL PARTICLES IN SUSPENSION

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850019
Author(s):  
DING WU-QUAN ◽  
HE JIA-HONG ◽  
WANG LEI ◽  
LIU XIN-MIN ◽  
LI HANG
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Electrostatic Repulsion ◽  
Adjacent Soil ◽  
Net Pressure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Soil Colloids ◽  
Total Average

The study of soil colloids is essential because the stability of soil colloidal particles are important processes of interest to researchers in environmental fields. The strong nonclassical polarization of the adsorbed cations (Na[Formula: see text] and K[Formula: see text] decreased the electric field and the electrostatic repulsion between adjacent colloidal particles. The decrease of the absolute values of surface potential was greater for K[Formula: see text] than for Na[Formula: see text]. The lower the concentration of Na[Formula: see text] and K[Formula: see text] in soil colloids, the greater the electrostatic repulsion between adjacent colloidal particles. The net pressure and the electrostatic repulsion was greater for Na[Formula: see text] than for K[Formula: see text] at the same ion concentration. For K[Formula: see text] and Na[Formula: see text] concentrations higher than 50[Formula: see text]mmol L[Formula: see text] or 100 mmol L[Formula: see text], there was a net negative (or attractive) pressure between two adjacent soil particles. The increasing total average aggregation (TAA) rate of soil colloids with increasing Na[Formula: see text] and K[Formula: see text] concentrations exhibited two stages: the growth rates of TAA increased rapidly at first and then increased slowly and eventually almost negligibly. The critical coagulation concentrations of soil colloids in Na[Formula: see text] and K[Formula: see text] were 91.6[Formula: see text]mmol L[Formula: see text] and 47.8[Formula: see text]mmol L[Formula: see text], respectively, and these were similar to the concentrations at the net negative pressure.

Light-Induced Metastable Defects in a-Si:H: Towards an Understanding

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Stutzmann ◽  
Warren B. Jackson ◽  
Chuang Chuang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Kinetic Behaviour ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydrogenated Amorphous

AbstractThe dependence of the creation and the annealing of metastable dangling bonds in hydrogenated amorphous silicon on various material parameters will be discussed in the context of a recently proposed model. After a brief review of the kinetic behaviour governing defect creation and annealing in undoped a- Si:H, a number of special cases will be analyzed: the influence of alloying with O, N, C, and Ge, changes introduced by doping and compensation, and the role of mechanical stress. Finally, possibilities to increase the stability of a-Si:H based devices will be examined.

scholarly journals Optimization Of Multi-Module CrN/CrCN Coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043
Author(s):  
Ł. Szparaga ◽  
P. Bartosik ◽  
A. Gilewicz ◽  
J. Ratajski
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Pareto Optimal ◽  
Mutual Distance ◽  
Pareto Optimal Solutions ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
The Stability

Abstract In the paper was proposed optimization procedure supporting the prototyping of the geometry of multi-module CrN/CrCN coatings, deposited on substrates from 42CrMo4 steel, in respect of mechanical properties. Adopted decision criteria were the functions of the state of internal stress and strain in the coating and substrate, caused by external mechanical loads. Using developed optimization procedure the set of optimal solutions (Pareto-optimal solutions) of coatings geometry parameters, due to the adopted decision criteria was obtained. For the purposes of analysis of obtained Pareto-optimal solutions, their mutual distance in the space of criteria and decision variables were calculated, which allowed to group solutions in the classes. Also analyzed the number of direct neighbors of Pareto-optimal solutions for the purposes of assessing the stability of solutions.

Analysis of Acoustic-Structure Interaction Using a High-Order Doubly Asymptotic Approximation

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heekyu Woo ◽  
Young S. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Order Approximation ◽  
Stable Model ◽  
Approximation Model ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Acoustic Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Third Order Approximation ◽  
Interaction Problem

In this paper, a new third-order approximation model for an acoustic-structure interaction problem is introduced. The new approximation model is designed to be an accurate and a stable model for predicting the response of a submerged structure. The proposed model is obtained by combining two lower order approximation models instead of using an operator matching method. The stability of this model is checked by a modal analysis. Finally, the approximation model is coupled to the spherical shell structure, and its performance is checked by a shock analysis.

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