CURRENT ASPECTS OF THE LEGAL SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMS OF ILLEGAL TREE CUTTING DOWN AND WOOD EXPORT IN UKRAINE

Aniba canelilla (H.B.K.) Mez. is a tree species from Amazon that produces essential oil. The oil extraction from its leaves and stems can be an alternative way to avoid the tree cutting for production of essential oil. The aim of this study was to analyse factors that may influence the essential oil production and the biomass of resprouts after pruning the leaves and stems of A. canelilla trees. The tree crowns were pruned in the wet season and after nine months the leaves and stems of the remaining crown and the resprouts were collected, in the dry season. The results showed that the essential oil yield and chemical composition differed among the stems, leaves and resprouts. The stems' essential oil production differed between the seasons and had a higher production in the resprouting stems than the old stems of the remaining crown. The production of essential oil and leaf biomass of resprouts were differently related to the canopy openness, indicating that light increases the production of the essential oil and decreases the biomass of resprouting leaves. This study revealed that plant organs differ in their essential oil production and that the canopy openness must be taken into account when pruning the A. canelilla tree crown in order to achieve higher oil productivity.

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The Use of Tree-cutting Techniques in the Study of the Water Relations of MaturePinus sylvestrisL.

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/28.3.751 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 751-767 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

JOHN ROBERTS

Keyword(s):

Water Relations ◽

Tree Cutting

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Recovering ability of deciduous Oak Forest after different stages of tree cutting in Central Italy

RENDICONTI LINCEI ◽

10.1007/s12210-016-0572-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 53-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cristina De Nicola ◽

Giuliano Fanelli ◽

Anna Testi ◽

Corrado Costa ◽

Diego D’Angeli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Italy ◽

Oak Forest ◽

Tree Cutting

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Optimal Tree Cutting

Dynamic Modeling ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-0224-7_26 ◽

1994 ◽

pp. 171-174

Author(s):

Bruce Hannon ◽

Matthias Ruth

Keyword(s):

Optimal Tree ◽

Tree Cutting

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Climate Change Awareness and related Tree Planting Practices in a Rural Community in North-Western Nigeria

Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care ◽

10.4314/jcmphc.v33i1.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

A.A. Gobir ◽

A.A. Aliyu ◽

A.A. Abubakar ◽

C. Esekhaigbe ◽

I.A. Joshua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tree Planting ◽

P Value ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Heads ◽

Tree Cutting ◽

Fire Wood

Background: Tree cutting is one of the causes of climate change and a common practice in Africa, a continent under significant threat from climate change. Therefore, climate change awareness and mitigation are vital to reducing its impacts in the region. Reforestation through planting of trees is an important carbon emission reduction strategy. This study assessed climate change awareness and related tree planting practices among household heads in a Nigerian rural community.Methods: A community-based descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2019 among all household heads in Nasarawan Buhari community. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the 104 household heads (or their representatives). Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 21.0) and statistical significance was set at p value of < 0.05.Results: The mean age of respondents was 40.6±12.6 years, and most of them (87.5%) were males. Half (50.0%) were aware of climate change, and their main source of information was radio (63.5%). Most (98.1%) used fire wood for cooking. Only a minority (27.9%) planted at least a tree in the year preceding the study. There was a statistically significant association between climate change awareness and occupation (p=0.038) but not with tree planting (p=0.827).Conclusion: The results indicated that only half of respondents were aware of climate change. There was high use of wood as cooking fuel with low tree planting. Tree planting was not associated with climate change awareness. There is therefore a need for continuous climate change education and mitigation campaign in the community.

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Factors Determining Soil Water Repellency in Two Coniferous Plantations on a Hillslope

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10090730 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 730 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Moein Farahnak ◽

Keiji Mitsuyasu ◽

Kyoichi Otsuki ◽

Kuniyoshi Shimizu ◽

Atsushi Kume

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Overland Flow ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Aggregate Size ◽

Water Repellency ◽

Soil Aggregate ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Soil Water Repellency ◽

Tree Cutting ◽

Coniferous Plantations

Soil water repellency (SWR) is a cause of low water infiltration, overland flow and soil erosion in mountainous coniferous plantations in Japan. The factors determining SWR intensity were investigated in two coniferous plantations of Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold et Zucc.) Endl. and Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don, using intact tree plots and cut tree plots on the same hillslope. The SWR of Ch. obtusa plots was stronger than that of Cr. japonica plots. SWR intensity decreased after tree cutting. There were no significant differences in SWR upslope and downslope of individual trees/stumps for both tree species, though areas downslope of individual Ch. obtusa trees had higher SWR intensity than those upslope. SWR intensity and soil aggregate stability were positively correlated in the Ch. obtusa intact tree plot (r = 0.88, p < 0.01), whereas in the cut tree plot, this correlation was weak with no significance (r = 0.29, p = 0.41). Soil aggregate size had a non-significant influence on SWR intensity. These findings suggest that SWR intensity was not related to the soil aggregate size, but SWR intensity seemed have a role in soil aggregation in the Ch. obtusa intact tree plot. Destruction of soil aggregates could occur after tree cutting because of physical disturbances or increased input of different types of organic matter from other vegetation into soil. The presence of Ch. obtusa introduces a source of SWR, although uncertainty remains about how water repellency is distributed around soil aggregates. The distribution pattern of soil water content and soil hydraulic conductivity around Cr. japonica was related to other factors such as the litter layer and non-water-repellant soil.

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Relationship between Very Fine Root Distribution and Soil Water Content in Pre- and Post-Harvest Areas of Two Coniferous Tree Species

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11111227 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1227

Author(s):

Moein Farahnak ◽

Keiji Mitsuyasu ◽

Takuo Hishi ◽

Ayumi Katayama ◽

Masaaki Chiwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Root System ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Tree Species ◽

Fine Roots ◽

Fine Root ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Tree Cutting ◽

Coniferous Tree Species

Tree root system development alters forest soil properties, and differences in root diameter frequency and root length per soil volume reflect differences in root system function. In this study, the relationship between vertical distribution of very fine root and soil water content was investigated in intact tree and cut tree areas. The vertical distribution of root density with different diameter classes (very fine <0.5 mm and fine 0.5–2.0 mm) and soil water content were examined along a slope with two coniferous tree species, Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don and Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold et Zucc.) Endl. The root biomass and length density of very fine roots at soil depth of 0–5 cm were higher in the Ch. obtusa intact tree plot than in the Cr. japonica intact plot. Tree cutting caused a reduction in the biomass and length of very fine roots at 0–5 cm soil depth, and an increment in soil water content at 5–30 cm soil depth of the Ch. obtusa cut tree plot one year after cutting. However, very fine root density of the Cr. japonica intact tree plot was quite low and the soil water content in post-harvest areas did not change. The increase in soil water content at 5–30 cm soil depth of the Ch. obtusa cut tree plot could be caused by the decrease in very fine roots at 0–5 cm soil depth. These results suggest that the distribution of soil water content was changed after tree cutting of Ch. obtusa by the channels generated by the decay of very fine roots. It was also shown that differences in root system characteristics among different tree species affect soil water properties after cutting.

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Wiggle-Match Dating of Tree-Ring Sequences from the Early Iron Age Defensive Settlement Motroninskoe Gorodishche in Mielniki (Central Ukraine)

Radiocarbon ◽

10.2458/56.17460 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 645-654 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jan Chochorowski ◽

Marek Krąpiec ◽

Sergej Skoryj ◽

Vadim Skrypkin

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Iron Age ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Early Iron Age ◽

Matching Method ◽

The Earth ◽

Dendrochronological Analysis ◽

Historic Data ◽

Absolute Dating ◽

Tree Cutting

In 2002–2003, excavations were carried out within the early Iron Age fortified settlement of Motroninskoe Gorodishche in Mielniki (central Ukraine, obl. Cherkassy). The excavations revealed relics of a charred wooden structure in the core of the earth rampart, originally forming the outside fortification line of the settlement. Dendrochronological analysis of 20 charred pieces of the oakwood from the rampart demonstrated that they all represented a single construction phase. However, the chronology produced from them spanned only 62 yr, and the attempts of dating against the European oak standards were unsuccessful. For absolute dating, radiocarbon analysis was conducted on nine samples consisting of 4–8 tree rings, relatively dated and coming from selected timbers, of which dendrochronological sequences defined the above chronology. The wiggle-matching method allowed to determine the two most plausible periods tree cutting: 665–630 or 625–520 BC. The construction date of the rampart outlines the beginning of construction of the fortification system of one of the most heavily reinforced strongholds in eastern Europe raised by the local, settled population for defense against the nomadic Scythians invading from the steppe. Taking into account historic data and other dated artifacts, it may be assumed that the first period, 665–630 BC, would be more probable. This conclusion supports the historical process (crucial for eastern Europe) of migration of the Iranian Scythians from inside Asia and settling in areas around the Black Sea.

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