scholarly journals POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
O.Ye. Apanasenko
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Economic Organizations

International E-Customs Standardization from the Perspective of a Global Company

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-58
Author(s):  
Stefan Henningsson
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Administrative Burden ◽  
Economic Organizations ◽  
Global Company ◽  
And Control

This paper addresses international e-Customs standardization from the perspective of a global dairy company who faces the result of the standardization efforts. International trade stands in front of a paradox of increasing security and control in order to meet threats from terrorist, diseases and other risks while at the same time lower the administrative burden for traders in order to stay competitive. To solve this seemingly impossible equation national customs and regional economic organizations are seeking to establish a standardized solution for digital reporting of customs data. However, standardization has proven hard to achieve in the socio-technical e-Customs solution. The author identifies and describes what has to be harmonized in order for a global company should perceive e-Customs as standardized. In doing so the author contributes towards an improved understanding of the challenges associated with using a standardization mechanism for harmonizing socio-technical information systems.

scholarly journals The Relationships of Bill of Lading, Charterparty and Other Transport Documents

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Evi Plomaritou ◽  
Yiannis Voudouris
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Bill Of Lading ◽  
Legal Contract ◽  
The Relationship

The bill of lading plays a vital role in international trade. In addition, the charterparty is a legal contract of employing a vessel between the shipowner and the charterer. In shipping matters, charterparty and bill of lading are highly important documents since they allocate risks, obligations, rights, earnings, costs and profits between the contracted parties, namely the shipowner (or carrier) and the charterer (or shipper). Therefore, this paper constitutes an overview of the commercial and legal aspects ensued from the relationship between the bill of lading, the charterparty and other documents such as booking note, cargo manifest, mate’s receipt, delivery order etc. Furthermore, this paper examines the life cycle of bill of lading and charterparty in the bulk and liner markets and how this will be affected by the digitalisation in shipping. The analysis is based on the shipping practices followed in accordance with the legal regime of bill of lading and charterparty.

scholarly journals Autonomy Principle and Fraud Exception in Documentary Letters of Credit, a Comparative Study between United States and England

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Alavi
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
International Operation ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Letter Of Credit ◽  
Law System ◽  
American Law ◽  
Standards Of Proof ◽  
Letters Of Credit

Abstract Despite the fact that Documentary Letters of Credit are involved in process of International Trade for many centuries, but their legal personality is very new and their life span is much shorter than their existence. In the middle of Eightieth Century, Lord Mansfield introduced legal aspects of LC operation for the first time to the Common Law System. Later, International Chamber of Commerce started to codified regulations regarding international operation of Documentary Letters of Credit in 1933 under the title of Uniform Customs and Practices for Documentary Letters of Credit and updated them constantly up to current date. However, many aspects of LC operation including fraud are not codified under the UCP which subjects them to national laws. Diversified nature of National Laws in different countries can be source of confusion and problem for many businessmen active in international operation of Documentary Letters of Credit. Such differences are more problematic in Common Law countries as a result of following precedent. For Example, legal aspects of International LC transactions under British Law are only based on case law, however, American Law addresses Letter of Credit Operation under Article 5 of Unified Commercial Code. Due to important role of English and American law in practice of international trade, current paper will try to compare their approach to autonomy principle of in LC operation, fraud rule as a recognized exception to it and search for answer to following questions what is definition of fraud, and what are standards of proof for fraud in LC operation, under English and American law?

The Problems of Legal Research in International Business Transactions

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 344-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor I. Kavass
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Business ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Business Transactions

The first important bibliography on the legal aspects of international business was compiled by Adolf Sprudzs. It was published in 1965University of Illinois Law Forum, 872–899 under the title “Selected Bibliography on International Trade, Investment and Organization”. This paper is dedicated to him in recognition of his distinguished scholarship in the field of bibliographic research.

scholarly journals Menakar Potensi Perlindungan Hukum Mutiara Lombok Melalui Indikasi Geografis Dan Implikasinya: Sebuah Diagnosa Awal

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muh Ali Masnun
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Geographical Indication ◽  
Large Potential ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Preventive Law

<p><em>Lombok has Pearl attraction that has been known to foreign countries. The large potential is not yet widely realized to be given protection from legal aspects, so many countries that sell pearl products on behalf of / hijacked by the name of Mutiara Lombok. This research was conducted by normative juridical method. Using primary, secondary, and non-law material as the study. The results show that the potential of Lombok pearl law protection through geographical indication is very open. Forms of legal protection can be done in 2 ways, namely protection of preventive law and repressive law protection. The implications of Lombok Pearl protection through IG can at least be used as a) product marketing strategy at domestic and foreign trade; b) Provide added value to the product and improve the producer's welfare; c) Enhance the reputation of IG products in international trade; d) Equality of treatment as a result of promotion from abroad; and e) IG protection as one means to avoid fraudulent competition.</em></p><p><em></em><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Legal Protection, Lombok Pearl</em></p>

For John: In Tribute to a Great Scholar and Friend

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-408
Author(s):  
ALAN SYKES
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Law School ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
Trade Group

I first came to know John Jackson in his role as a consultant to the international trade group at Arnold & Porter. Fresh out of law school and a novice in the field of international trade law, I quickly learned that John was the leading American expert on legal aspects of both GATT and domestic trade law issues. Only later did I come to realize that his stature in this regard was global. John's advice on GATT issues was sought after by academics and policymakers everywhere.

scholarly journals Regional policy for cooperation with international trade-economic organizations formation in the context of government decentrali zation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
В. М. Щербак
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Economic Organizations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
Cooperation Policy

The article examines the hidden influence of regional cooperation policy on the processes ofdevelopment of transformation countries. The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiaritiesof forming a regional policy of cooperation with international trade and economic organizations inthe context of decentralization of public administration.The tasks of cross-border cooperation in the context of ethno-cultural peculiarities, as wellas institutional and procedural prerequisites for modernization of economic cooperation at theregional level are analyzed. The processes of consolidation of informal decision-making centers asfactors of increasing the number of effective representatives of cooperation policy are presentedAttention is drawn to the economic type of the territory, which determines the trans-regional policyof cooperation and its leading economic actors. At the same time, it emphasized the features of theempirical basis of regional policy of cooperation with international economic organizations.The discrepancy between the main sectors of economic participation and the criteria for theeffectiveness of the policy of interregional cooperation with international economic organizationsare emphasized. On the basis of the conducted analysis the bureaucratic and managerial tendenciesof development of regional policy of cross-border cooperation in modern Ukraine and directionsof its evolution are revealed. It is determined that the bureaucratic and managerial tendenciesof the development of regional policy of cross-border cooperation are also one of the objectivecriteria for evaluating the direction of its evolution and its progressive or regressive state. Theanalysis of institutional levers has shown that in the conditions of socio-economic transformation,high-level officials may not be part of the state institutions responsible for developing regionalcooperation policies.

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