scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING IN THE STUDY OF MICRO- AND MACROECONOMICS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Pylypenko ◽  
Viacheslav Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Further Development

The article discusses the need to develop students' critical thinking skills. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, technologies for the development of critical thinking in the study of micro- and macroeconomics are described. It was revealed that the most adequate methods of developing critical thinking skills are discussions, debates, Socratic questions, which teach students to think independently, to critically look at alternative options for solving existing problems, and to choose well-grounded argumentation. An important technology for the development of critical thinking in the study of economic disciplines, which allows you to analyze cause-and-effect relationships, is the use of the Kaworu Ishikawa diagram, the essence of which is the chain of problem solving: problem-causes-facts-conclusions. Attention is focused on the application of the problematic approach, which is the main tool for the development of critical thinking, since it contains a contradiction, which allows students to form their own attitude to the issues under consideration. In the study of micro- and macroeconomics, it has been proven that an effective method of developing critical thinking is the division of students into groups and teamwork in preparation for the debate. The influence of the creation of an educational and research environment that guides the student towards critical perception of information is investigated, and the important role of essay writing is analyzed. The essay is suitable both for teaching critical thinking and for testing already acquired skills. Most of the topics of micro and macroeconomics involve research using statistical and empirical data and various scientific methods that contribute to the development of critical thinking. Writing critical reviews is an equally important tool for the further development and practical use of critical thinking skills. Thanks to the use of the technology of critical thinking in the study of micro- and macroeconomics, the ability to work with a significant array of sometimes contradictory information is developed, to highlight the essence of the problem, compare different points of view, put forward hypotheses, and find alternative solutions to economic problems.

scholarly journals FOSTERING CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS THROUGH ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Argumentative Writing ◽  
Writing Classes ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
Writing Course

Abstract: The urgency for developing students’ critical thinking (CT) abilities has left English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers trying hard to integrate CT into their teaching practices. This study highlights the role of language as a way of thinking, judging and assessing. It seeks to investigate how the elements of CT are displayed in students’ essay so as to reveal the development of their CT skills. The data are in the form of essay written by the fourth semester Indonesian students taking essay writing course. The analysis is based on Stapleton’s   criteria of CT (2001), i.e. claims, kinds  of  reasoning,  the  extent  of   evidence,  recognition  of  opposing  arguments  and  refutation,  and  fallacies. The results show that there are many weak arguments in the essays due to the insufficiency of reasons and evidence. It is highly possible for an essay to have multiple arguments. However, the logical correlations between them are not clearly articulated in the essays and many students fail to show them. Students also lack of refutation skills as they tend to accept a claim from other sources without trying to judge and evaluate it. While most conclusions are in the form of suggestion, they can be made better by clearly showing the position of the writer in relation the arguments posed in the essay. Fallacies are mostly found in the form of generalization and over-simplification. The results are expected to give insights to teachers about how CT skills could be effectively taught and improved in writing classes. Key words: argumentative writing, critical thinking (CT), English as a Foreign Language (EFL)  MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MELALUI MENULIS ARGUMENTATIF Abstrak: Pentingnya mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis (critical thinking atau CT) mahasiswa telah membuat para pengajar English as a Foreign Language (EFL) berusaha keras mengintegrasikan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pengajaran mereka. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi peran bahasa sebagai sarana berpikir, menilai, dan mengevaluasi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menggali bagaimana elemen-elemen berpikir kritis ditunjukkan dalam teks dan mengkaji perkembangan berpikir kritis dalam teks. Data berbentuk teks essay yang ditulis oleh mahasiswa semester 4 yang mengambil matakuliah Essay Writing. Data dianalisis berdasarkan kriteria Critical Thinking (CT) oleh Stapleton (2001), yaitu argument, reason, evidence, opposition and refutation, conclusion, dan fallacy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa argumen sering lemah karena tidak didukung oleh  alasan dan bukti yang cukup. Suatu esai sangatlah mungkin mengandung banyak argumen. Namun demikian, hubungan logis antar argumen tersebut tidak jelas dalam esai dan bahkan banyak mahasiswa gagal menunjukkan hubungan tersebut. Mahasiswa juga lemah dalam hal refutation skill karena mereka cenderung menerima klaim dari sumber lain begitu saja tanpa mencoba mengevaluasi dan mempertanyakannya. Kebanyakan kesimpulan berbentuk saran dan bisa dibuat lebih baik dengan menyatakan dengan jelas posisi penulis dalam menanggapi argumen-argumen yang dikemukakan di awal. Fallacy kebanyakan dalam bentuk generalisasi dan penyederhanaan berlebihan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan tentang bagaimana kelas menulis dapat dirancang secara efektif supaya dapat menumbuhkan baik kemampuan berpikir kritis maupun kemampuan berbahasa. Kata kunci: tulisan argumentatif, berpikir kritis, English as Foreign Language (EFL)

scholarly journals The Validity of Teaching Materials using POE Model to Increase the Student’sxCriticalxThinking Skills inxJuniorxHigh School on the Pressure Topic

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1409
Author(s):  
Maria Nur Ulfa ◽  
Suyatno Sutoyo ◽  
Tjipto Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Concept Mastery ◽  
Alternative Solutions

This research aims to produce the valid teaching materials. The teaching materials are developed using POE model to increase students’ critical thinking skills in junior high school on pressure topic. The teaching materials developed consist of the lesson plan, student worksheet, student book, the critical thinking skills test, and concept mastery test. The five indicators of critical thinking skills measured in this study are providing simple explanations, the ability to give reasons, make conclusions, make and determine the results of considerations based on the application of facts, and choose alternative solutions. Model of teaching materials development usedthis research is 4D model. Validityxdataxwere obtainedxfrom thexvalidationxbyxexperts usingxthexvalidityxinstrument. Thevvdatavvobtainedvvwerevvanalyzed descriptively quantitatively basedxonxthe validity criteriaxof teaching materials. Basedxonxthe assessmentxofxthreexvalidators, the developedxteachingxmaterials had very valid category.

scholarly journals Effect of Scientific Approach toward Students' Critical Thinking Skills

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Triyani Triyani ◽  
Lovy Herayanti ◽  
Syifaul Gummah
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Impact

The role of education is to improve the quality of education, especially in producing high-quality students. High-quality students are those who are able to think critically, creatively, logically and take initiatives in responding to issues in society caused by the impact of the development of science and technology. This study aims to determine the effect of a scientific approach to students' critical thinking skills. This study is an experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The sample of this study consisted of one class (28 students), which was treated using a scientific approach. Critical thinking skills are measured using a test instrument and then analyzed statistically (t test). Hypothesis test results indicate that there is an effect of using a scientific approach toward students' critical thinking skills.

scholarly journals Learning Model Jurisprudential Inquiry to Improve Critical Thinking of MTs N 1 Situbondo Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Lailatul Badriyah ◽  
Warsono Warsono ◽  
Ali Haidar
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Inquiry Learning ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Alternative Solutions

The Jurisprudential Inquiry learning model is a learning model in its application facilitating learners to be sensitive to social problems, take a position on the problem, and maintain that position / attitude with relevant and valid arguments so as to improve students' critical thinking skills. Critical thinking in this research refers to five indicators, namely the ability to form conclusions, formulate questions, uncover problems, formulate alternative solutions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Jurisprudential Inquiry learning model on critical thinking skills of MTs N 1 Situbondo students. This study uses experimental research design with the form of Quasi-Experimental Design with the type of pretest posttest control group design. The sample in this study was class VIII G numbering 22 students and VIII H a number of 24 students with purposive sampling sampling technique. The technique of collecting data uses test questions with the description form. The data analysis technique in this study is to use the independent sample t-test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence on the use of the Jurisprudential Inquiry learning model on students' critical thinking with indicators formulating conclusions, formulating questions, expressing problems and providing alternative solutions. The results of the hypothesis test show tcount 3.362 and ttable with a significance level (5%) 0.05, degree of freedom (db) = (n-2) then obtained t(0.05) (44) table = 2.015. The results of tcount>ttable,which shows the results of 3.362> 2.015. As for the significance level of 5% (0.05) has a significance value α> 0.05, i.e. (2-tailed) 0.694> 0.05., it can be concluded that thelearning model is Jurisprudential Inquiry more influential than themodel Problem Solving on the critical thinking ability of students on the material emergence of national organizations and the growing spirit of nationalism.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SKILL CRITICAL THINKING STUDENTS ON LEARNING MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM 2013 CLASS V SDN 59 PEKANBARU

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 965
Author(s):  
Cindy Rahmadani Putri
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Class V ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Critical thinking skills are very important owned, because having critical thinking skills can help us think logically in overcoming the problems we face and looking for and developing alternative solutions to those problems.This study aims to identify and describe student’s critical thinking skills in mathematics learning curriculum 2013 class V SDN 59 Pekanbaru. This research was conducted on January 22, 2020. Research subjects totaled 35 students consisting of 19 male students and 16 female students. This type of research is qualitative research. Data collection instruments in the form of test questions consisting of 5 essay questions and interview guidelines conducted on several students. The results showed 60% in the very low category, 27.5% in the low category, 8.5% in the medium category, and 2.8 in the high and very high categories. Based on the result of data analysis, it can be concluded that the critical thinking skills of studnts in learning mathematics in curriculum 2013 class V SDN 59 Pekanbaru are in the very low category.

The Role of Student Feedback in Building Reflexive Teachers

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-90
Author(s):  
Kerri Pilling Burchill ◽  
David Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Tacit Assumptions

The contemporary demands of the education environment today require that teachers refine their reflective thinking skills and shift towards the deeper critical thinking skills inherent in reflexive thinking. Reflexivity is a deeper level of critical thinking that assumes a degree of metacognition and “knowing-in-action” (Schon, 1983, p. 50). Metacognition is a critical tool in helping individuals become more aware of their deeply seeded biases and tacit assumptions about the way the world works. Through a phenomenological analysis of four individual case studies, this study found that student feedback was a key catalyst for building reflexivity skills. Specifically, the study details the key ways by which feedback prompted novice teachers to metacognitively think through their knowing-in-action and ultimately improve their teaching practice. The research details important implications in three areas: 1) practice, 2) theory, and 3) future research.

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