scholarly journals Inheritance Rights of a Child Born From a Surrogate Mother According to Indonesian Law

Author(s):  
Yessenia vHonandar ◽  
Shanti Hendrata ◽  
Fiona Pelafu

Throughout the lives of human beings, starting from one’s birth to their death, one may see that rights and obligations are always present. The issue of inheritance comes up at the end of a person’s life. The division of one’s inheritance is a complex matter, especially when it comes to the right to inherit for a child that is born from a Surrogate Mother. Surrogacy procedures are a form of Assisted Reproductive Technologies that aids married couples who are unable to have an offspring naturally due to health issues or abnormalities, and therefore must be assisted by these treatments. There are two different types of Surrogacy, namely Traditional Surrogacy and Gestational Surrogacy. Traditional Surrogacy is legally allowed in Indonesia, but there are no laws that specifically regulate Gestational Surrogacy; there are however, laws that imply the prohibition of it being practiced as a method of Assisted Reproductive Technologies. According to Indonesian laws, a child born from Gestational Surrogacy is considered either an illegitimate child or a child born from adultery, thus creating a problem regarding their inheritance, for the child will be unable to receive inheritance from their parents, even though the intent of Gestational Surrogacy is to have a child for the intended parents to raise as their own. This article will discuss the legality of Gestational Surrogacy as well as the issue of inheritance for a child born by the procedure; this includes regulations that tackle the issue and hopeful solutions for the issue at hand.

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Ivan Titko ◽  
Inna Polkhovska

The unsatisfactory demographic situation in European countries, in particular the reduction of fertility, actualizes the issue of reproductive rights. Reproductive rights include the human ability to make free and independent decisions about their reproductive health, including the birth of children, the time and intervals between their birth, the right to decide on procreation without discrimination, threats and violence, as well as recognition of the right to receive relevant information. The article is devoted to the analysis of some problematic general theoretic, criminal law and criminal procedure aspects in the field of reproductive rights. In particular, issues of assisted reproductive technologies application, their regulation at the international and national levels, as well as in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter – ECHR) are considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the specificity of the legal and practical factors of surrogacy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Ksenia A. Zhirikova ◽  

The article deals with the problems of inheritance by children born with the help of assisted reproductive technologies, in particular, after a surrogate mother, after the death of one of the parents, etc. These problems are not regulated in Russian legislation. The article proposes directions for its improvement in order to protect a child born with the help of assisted reproduction.


2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Murphy

For many commentators in bioethics and the law, safety is the fulcrum for evaluating the ethics of human reproductive cloning. Carson Strong has argued that if cloning were effective and safe it should be available to married couples who have tried to have children through various assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) but been unable to do so. On his view, cloning should be available only as reproductive last resort. I challenged that limited use by trying to show that the arguments Strong adduces in favor of reproductive somatic nuclear transfer (SNT) for married couples extend to same-sex couples as well, who face a different kind of infertility. I also went on to argue that his justifications would in fact extend the legitimate use of SNT to any couples regardless of whether they had fertility difficulties or not.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
N. A. Tyuvina ◽  
A. O. Nikolaevskaya

The paper provides a definition of sexual and reproductive health and infertility and also reflects modern ideas about ways to overcome infertility using assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and surrogacy. It shows the specificity of the impact of an IVF procedure on the mental health of a potential mother. The features of the neonatal health status, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders in babies born using the IVF procedure are described. The authors present two types of surrogacy (traditional and gestational ones) and the features of their use in different countries according to governmental legislative regulation, socioeconomic and religious factors, and cultural traditions in society. They unveil the features of a psychological relationship between the mother (surrogate and presumed one) and the fetus. The consequences of surrogacy for a surrogate mother, genetic parents, and a child himself/herself are noted to be little studied. It is shown that the development of assisted reproductive technologies (IVF and surrogacy), on the one hand, helps fight infertility and, on the other hand, entails a number of problems (moral and ethical, legal, cultural and religious, socioeconomic, and neuropsychiatric ones) that need to be solved in order to prevent psychological, neurological, and mental abnormalities in all the participants (a surrogate mother, an unborn child, and potential parents) in the assisted reproductive process:


Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
N. V. Kruchinina

The article analyzes different points of view concerning reproductive human rights. Every year the number of cases when assisted reproductive technologies are used is increasing in Russia. The author draws attention to the lack of a common understanding of reproductive human rights, their protection and regulation in different countries of the world, to different perceptions of legal responsibility for abuses in the field of artificial reproduction of human beings, and to the existence of different definitions of crime in the field of human reproduction.The article presents an overview of foreign legislation on criminal law protection of human reproductive functions. The study of criminal and civil cases and examination of scientific developments in this area compels the author to admit the existence of abuses and crimes in the field of artificial reproduction of human beings. The article attempts to determine the list of crimes against reproductive human rights and considers them as an object of forensic research.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Aji Mulyana

Tulisan dalam buku ini merupakan hasil penelitian, berupa penelusuran literatur dan hasil wawancara dengan narasumber  yang dilakukan di Bandung, Jakarta, CJ Koh Law Library, NUS Singapura, University of New Delhi India, Bodleian Law Library, University of Oxford di Inggris.Beberapa bagian dari tulisan buku ini sudah diprsentasikan dalam dua konferensi Internasional, yaitu :Access to Justice 2015, yang diselenggarkan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya di Malang;Konferensi 18th International Conference on Family Law 2016 di Dubai Uni Emirat Arab.Buku ini ditulis oleh 3 pakar hukum perdata dari Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, yaitu :Pertama Sonny Dewi Judiasih, lahir di Bandung pada 11 Januari 1960, pendidikan S-1 (pendidikan tinggi) ditempuh di Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, Program Pendidikan Spesialis Notariat Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, pendidikan S-2 diprogram Magister Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, dan pendidikan S-3 program Doktor Ilmu Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.  Sonny Dewi Judiasih menjabat sebagai Ketua Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.Kedua  Susilowati Suparto Dajaan, lahir di Bandung 25 Agustus 1957, pendidikan S-1 (pendidikan tinggi) ditempuh di Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, pendidikan S-2 diprogram Magister Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, dan pendidikan S-3 program Doktor Ilmu Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Susilowati Suparto Dajaan, merupakan Ketua Departemen Hukum Perdata Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.Ketiga Deviana Yuanitasari, lahir di Jakarta 3 Desember 1982, menyelesaikan pendidikan Magister Hukum di Universitas Indonesia, pada tahun 2006. Deviana Yuanitasari, merupakan Sekretaris Prodi Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, dan sebagai anggota Pusat Studi Hukum Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, serta anggota International Association of Consumer Law. Deviana Yuanitasari, mendapatkan pengahargaan sebagai The Best Presentation Award dalam konferensi 18th International Conference on Family Law 2016 di Dubai Uni Emirat Arab.Adapun harapan yang diinginkan Penulis buku ini, yaitu dapat memenuhi akan kebutuhan literatur hukum keperdataan pada umumnya dan hukum keluarga pada khususnya.Latar belakang terbitnya buku ini, yaitu berawal dari permasalahan keluarga yang tidak memiliki keturunan, karena salah satu pasangan suami istri memiliki kelainan pada alat reproduksinya. Tetapi dalam perkembangan jaman pada saat ini permasalahan tidak memiliki keturunan dalam keluarga bukan hanya dapat diselesaikan dengan melalui cara mengadopsi anak saja, tetapi pasangan suami istri menghendaki dapat memiliki keturunan dengan genetik pasangan suami istri tersebut, dengan cara inseminasi buatan (pembuahan dapat dilakukan dalam kandungan istri) atau dengan cara menyewa rahim seseorang disebut dengan surrogate mother.Surrogate Mother, terjadinya karena pihak istri tidak bisa mengandung karena ada kelainan pada rahim, sehingga peran istri digantikan oleh wanita lain untuk menggantikan fungsinya sebagai seorang ibu yang menjalani kandungan dan melahirkan, baik diberi imbalan ataupun sukarela. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan jaman, terjadi pergeseran pada makna dari substansi awal sebagai alternatif medis, menjadi ke arah sosial dan eksploitasi nilai sebuah rahim atau sering disebut juga ladang bisnis/alat mencari nafkah baru demi gaya hidup masyarakat yang semakin tinggi.Hal ini, terjadi dimasyarakat kalangan kelas menengah ke atas, karena terjadinya permasalahan pada vertilitas (kesuburan reproduksi), sehingga tidak dapat hamil. Permasalahan inipun di tunjang dengan kemajuan teknologi kedokteran terkait permasalahan reproduksi, yaitu dengan cara kelahiran di luar cara ilmiah atau disebut dengan Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART).Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) merupakan cara untuk memiliki keturunan yang dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga (pasangan suami istri) melalui cara sewa rahim agar memiliki keturunan.Masalah Surrogate Mother, menjadi topik perdebatan terkait keberadaan perempuan, etika, hukum, dan sosial. Di Indonesia sampai saat ini secara formal praktik Surrogate Mother belum dilakukan, tetapi pada kenyataannya wanita muda yang berasal dari Indonesia menyatakan dirinya bersedia menjadi Surrogate Mother.Maka menurut Sonny Dewi Judiasih, Susilowati Suparto Dajaan, dan Deviana Yuanitasari, dalam buku ini perlu untuk membahas beberapa permasalahan diantaranya mengenai Surrogacy Agreement menurut hukum perjanjian di Indonesia, status hukum anak yang lahir dari Surrogate Mother, dan pengaturan terkait Surrogate Mother di beberapa negara sebagai perbandingan.


Author(s):  
Василий Николаевич Попов ◽  
Роман Борисович Стукалин ◽  
Валерия Александровна Грибанова

В статье проводится анализ представленных на сегодня инвазивных и неинвазивных методов исследования преимплантационных эмбрионов. Показана эффективность преимплантационного генетического тестирования эмбрионов до переноса в полость матки. Также рассмотрены альтернативные менее инвазивные варианты изучения жизнеспособности эмбрионов, которые могли бы являться маркерами успешной имплантации. Проблема бесплодного брака с каждым годом становится все более и более значимой. Для части супружеских пар единственной возможностью рождения ребенка становится лечение методами вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий, эффективность которых остается на сегодняшний день не более 50 %. Особенно важным является поиск новых методик, позволяющих повысить результативность процедур экстракорпорального оплодотворения. В этом направлении крайне интересным является изучение неизвазивных методов оценки имплантационного потенциала эмбрионов. В анализе представлены работы по изучению протеома, метаболома и транскриптома эмбриона. Понимание молекулярного состава культуральных сред, в которых происходило развитие эмбриона до пятых суток культивирования, позволит глубже понять физиологию раннего развития, а также установить неивазивные критерии отбора эмбриона с лучшим имплантационным потенциалом и тем самым повысить эффективность проводимых программ вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий The article analyzes the currently presented invasive and non-invasive methods for studying preimplantation embryos. The efficiency of preimplantation genetic testing of embryos before transfer to the uterine cavity has been shown. Also considered are alternative less invasive options for studying the viability of embryos, which could be markers of successful implantation. The problem of sterile marriage is becoming more and more significant every year. For some married couples, the only possibility of having a child is treatment with methods of assisted reproductive technologies, the effectiveness of which remains at most 50% today. It is especially important to search for new techniques to improve the effectiveness of in vitro fertilization procedures. In this direction, it is extremely interesting to study non-invasive methods for assessing the implantation potential of embryos. The analysis presents works on the study of the proteome, metabolome and transcriptome of the embryo. Understanding the molecular composition of the culture media in which the development of the embryo took place until the fifth day of cultivation will allow a deeper understanding of the physiology of early development and also establish non-invasive criteria for the selection of embryos with the best implantation potential and thereby increase the efficiency of the programs of assisted reproductive technologies


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