scholarly journals Homestead Food Gardeners’ Perceived Vulnerability to Poverty, Income Shocks and Entrepreneurial Activities in North West Province, South Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 1123-1134
Author(s):  
T. C. Maselwa ◽  
A. S. Oyekale
Keyword(s):  
Income Shocks ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
North West ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Vulnerability To Poverty ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Food Gardening ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Selection Of

Poor households are faced with several challenges which affect their income generating activities. In the Ramotshere Moiloa Local Municipality, where this study was carried out, unemployment and food insecurity are prevalent. The respondents were selected using a multistep sampling method. The first stage involved selection of villages, where HFG are commonly found were randomly selected. In the second stage, a snowball sampling process was employed to identify and select people involved in homestead food gardening, lastly was to find a sample of 110 HFG. The study found that HFG were experiencing different shocks. The regression coefficients indicated that entrepreneurial income was significantly and positively affected by socio-economic characteristics and shocks while it was significantly and negatively affected by shocks and challenges. The marginal parameters of perceived vulnerability to poverty were significantly and positively affected by entrepreneurial activities. Socio-economic characteristics significantly and negatively affected marginal effects of perceived vulnerability to poverty. It can be concluded that farmers still need more training and awareness on how to run agricultural businesses as well as non-farm businesses for increased entrepreneurial income, improved welfare and limited likelihood of poverty and vulnerability. It was recommended that government to intervene in matters that arose from this study by providing more awareness, opportunities and training for people in the study area in order to reduce and prevent future poverty.

scholarly journals Cattle milk processing and marketing characteristics among agro-pastoralists in North West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-255
Author(s):  
A. O. Iyiola-Tunji ◽  
W. Buba ◽  
I. Saleh ◽  
A. T. Mohammed ◽  
M. A. Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
North West ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Selection Of

The study was aimed at analysing the fundamental characteristics of milk collection, processing and marketing among agro-pastoralists in North West Nigeria. A three stage (multi-stage) sampling technique was used for the study. The first stage is the purposive selection of four States (Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano and Katsina States purposively selected based on the high concentration of agro-pastoralists). In the second stage, two Local Government Areas (LGA) from each of the State were purposively selected. The third stage involved the use of snowball sampling method for the selection of communities where agropastoralist were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Two communities were selected per LGA. Data were collected from 157 respondents from the target populatuion out of sampled agro-pastoral households. The survey instrument was pretested and subjected to face validity. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages. The average length of time for milk storage before processing was 1 hour and 41 minutes. Pasteurization was the method of choice used to prevent milk spoilage by 63.8% of respondents in all the States considered in this study. Almost all (91.2%) of the respondents market their milks. Spoilage of milk during the period before processing was reported as the highest constraint to milk production, processing and marketing in all the four States. Inadequate equipment and milk loss during processing were also reported as constraints by 18.9 and 14.7%, respectively. Low quality of milk, especially during dry season, also constitute a constraint to about 4% of the respondents. The agro-pastoralists in North West Nigeria are engaged in peasantry profitable ventures of milk processing and marketing. Most of them are not members of groups and cooperatives. Their volume of trade in milk processing and marketing can be greatly enhanced if they are organized into productive groups along the value chain. Past efforts at organizing milk processors and marketers into groups and cooperatives need to be revisited by relevant agencies of government and non-government organizations. 

scholarly journals Exploring the role of the industrial-organisational psychologist as counsellor

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanri Barkhuizen ◽  
Lené I. Jorgensen ◽  
Lizelle Brink
Keyword(s):  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
North West ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Counselling Interventions ◽  
Depth Interviews

Orientation: Industrial-organisational (I-O) psychologists are often confronted with counselling interventions in the workplace and thus it is vital that they are effectively prepared for their role as workplace counsellors.Research purpose: The aim of this study was to review the role of I-O psychologists as counsellors and to ascertain whether these practitioners are effectively prepared for this purpose.Motivation for the study: I-O psychologists are mainly concerned with the deep-rooted problems individuals experience in the workplace, and they therefore need appropriate counselling skills. However, it is not clear whether graduates in this discipline receive adequate training for this role.Research design, approach and method: A qualitative research design with convenience and snowball sampling of 22 participants was utilised. Participants were practising I-O psychologists across Gauteng and North West (South Africa). Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to gather data, which were transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis.Main findings: Participants were familiar with the meaning of counselling and confirmed that they are faced with a range of counselling situations requiring a unique set of skills and competencies. Based on these findings, participants made recommendations for the future training of I-O psychologists and recommended that counselling be included in the scope of practice of I-O psychologists.Practical/managerial implications: The role of the I-O psychologist requires training in short-term therapeutic techniques and counselling in tertiary education.Contribution/value-add: The study clarifies the role of the I-O psychologist as a counsellor that will ensure that I-O psychologists can be trained more effectively for this role.

scholarly journals Studies on Nutrigenetic Traits of Silkworm, Bombyxmori L. for Determining Growth and Development for Identifying Parental Breeds for Breeding under Subtropical Region of North West India

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
S. Murali ◽  
Sardar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
North West ◽  
Autumn Season ◽  
Subtropical Condition ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Efficiency Conversion ◽  
Essential Prerequisite ◽  
Selection Of

Study was conducted during spring and autumn season (2018 & 2019) to screen and identify rich nutrigenetic breeds from the selected breed’s for their nutrigenetic traits in silkworm, BombyxmoriL.(Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is an essential prerequisite for better understanding and development of nutritionally efficient breeds under Subtropical condition of Jammu based on the breeds which shows less food consumption with higher efficiency conversion based on leaf to cocoon and leaf to shell ratio. Highly significant variations were found among all nutrigenetic traits of bivoltine silkworm breeds in the study. The nutritionally efficient silkworm breeds were shortlisted by utilizing nutrition consumption index and efficiency for conversion of ingesta/cocoon traits as the index for selection of highly promising breeds. Furthermore, based on the average of data from both the seasons, the overall rearing nutrigenetic traits utilized as index, eight bivoltine silkworm breeds (B.con 1, B.con 4, BHR 2, ATR 16, BHR 3, CSR 50, RSJ 14 and NB4D2) were identified as havingthe potential for nutrition efficiency conversion and can be utilized for further breeding programme. The data from the present study advances our knowledge for the development of nutritionally efficient silkworm breeds/hybrids and their effective commercial utilization in the sericulture industry.

scholarly journals Socio-economic characteristics influencing small-scale farmers' level of knowledge on climate-smart agriculture in mahikeng local municipality, North West province, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Setshedi ◽  
S. Modirwa
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
North West ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to identify knowledge gaps and the level of knowledge on climate-smart agriculture among small-scale farmers in Mahikeng Local Municipality. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 170 respondents from a population size of1449. A descriptive and quantitative research design was used for this study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse data. Most respondents were males, married, had high school education and farming experience of more than 20 years. Livestock farming, was found to be the main agricultural activity amongst the respondents. Knowledge test statements revealed that, respondents had a low level of knowledge about climate-smart agriculture. Age, access to climate information, farm income per month and access to off-farm income had statistically significant relationships with respondents' level of knowledge on climate-smart agriculture. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that, there should be training and education activities which should be implemented to assist small-scale farmers in Mahikeng Local Municipality in increasing their knowledge on climate-smart agriculture. Keywords: Climate-smart agriculture, Knowledge, Small-scale farmers, Socio-economic characteristics

Interviews with Whom?

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-65
Author(s):  
Kathleen Gerson
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theoretical Sampling ◽  
Good Sample ◽  
Selection Of

Chapter 3 considers the principles underlying the selection of an appropriate sample for depth interviewing and the range of strategies available to identify and recruit participants in that sample. Rather than claiming representativeness, as a quantitative researcher might, a depth interviewer aims to select a sample capable of yielding theoretically generalizable insights—an approach called theoretical sampling. Theoretical sampling focuses on finding a variety of participants who are well positioned to reveal the practices, mechanisms, and relationships the research seeks to explain. The chapter then looks at the range of strategies for finding a good sample and deciding whom to include and whom to exclude. Whether the sampling strategy involves recruiting randomly selected participants, snowball sampling, seeking volunteers, or some combination, a good sample contains both the core controls and the built-in comparisons needed to answer the study questions and develop an explanation for the outcomes.

Planning and Executing Scenario Based Simulation Exercises: Methodological Lessons

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewald Van Niekerk ◽  
Christo Coetzee ◽  
Doret Botha ◽  
Michael John Murphree ◽  
Kristel Fourie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The South ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
North West ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Simulation Exercises

AbstractThe South African disaster management legislation advocates the importance of implementing pro-active disaster risk reduction strategies that will ensure a safe and sustainable society. One key strategic activity identified is the use of simulation exercises to improve overall societal readiness and inter-agency coordination in case of major incidents or disasters. However, very little is currently understood or planned especially at South African local government level, on what simulation exercises entail and the methodology behind their implementation. This paper aims at conveying some crucial methodological inputs that disaster risk managers or emergency response agencies should consider when planning, designing and implementing simulation exercises by analysing a hazardous chemical spillage simulation in the Tlokwe Local Municipality, North-West Province, South Africa. The research found that in the South African context attention needs to be paid to methodological issues such as scenario development, role-player selection, fidelity during simulation delivery, data collection and participant (de)briefing.

scholarly journals The Proposal of an Electronic Business Model in Agriculture Case Study: The Orchard Products in Isfahan Province

Paradigm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
Tabasom Saberi ◽  
Abbas Khodadadi ◽  
Hamid Saeedi
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Electronic Business ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Isfahan Province ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Three Phases

The four indicators, occupational personality, information, money and product mechanisms, are assessed in this study. Experts from the Isfahan province’s agricultural sector have focused on the quality method to find an approved e-commerce model for the orchard of products. The qualitative evaluation method in this study is of Delphi carried out in three phases of snowball sampling in five groups of agricultural experts. The results indicate that the main actors in this field consist of three groups, intellectual, realistic and conventional, which areas of similarities, differentiation and prediction. The results from the review run on information, money and product indicate that experts in the selection of purchasing, exchange and communication mechanisms, in some respects, agree on similar models of the merchant, manufacturer and brokerage, and in some other areas they have represented new definitions.

Seasonal changes in diet and diet selection of great bustards (Otis t. tarda) in north-west Spain

1999 ◽  
Vol 247 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Lane ◽  
J. C. Alonso ◽  
J. A. Alonso ◽  
M. A. Naveso
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
North West ◽  
Selection Of

Risk Management Strategies Adopted by Small-Scale Vegetable Farmers in Thaba Chweu Local Municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Mokhaukhau
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Forward Contracts ◽  
Vegetable Farmers ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Agriculture is one of the sectors considered to be an extremely risky business. This has led to many farmers adopting different risk management strategies in order to deal with the prevailing risks. The objectives of the study were to identify the types of risk and risk management strategies; and to determine the level of risk management strategies adopted by small-scale vegetable farmers in Thaba Chweu Local Municipality. Descriptive statistics and the adoption index were employed to address these objectives. Purposive and snowball sampling procedures were used to select 40 small-scale vegetable farmers in Thaba Chweu Local Municipality. The study identified pest attacks and unfavorable weather conditions as the major risks faced by small scale vegetable farmers in the study area. Furthermore, the study revealed that majority of these farmers use pesticides, forward contracts and crop rotation as the risk management strategies.

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