scholarly journals Photocatalytic Treatment of An Actual Confectionery Wastewater Using Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3: Optimization of Photocatalytic Reactions Using Surface Response Methodology.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ping Lin ◽  
Mehrab Mehrvar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Light Wavelength ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Independent Parameters

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis is one of the most commonly studied advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the mineralization of deleterious and recalcitrant compounds present in wastewater as it is stable, inexpensive, and effective. Out of all, doping with metal and non-metals, and the heterojunction with another semiconductor were proven to be efficient methods in enhancing the degradation of organic pollutants under ultraviolet (UV) and visible light. However, complex degradation processes in the treatment of an actual wastewater are difficult to model and optimize. In the present study, the application of a modified photocatalyst, Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3, for the degradation of an actual confectionery wastewater was investigated. Factorial studies and statistical design of experiments using the Box-Behnken method along with response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to identify the individual and cross-factor effects of independent parameters, including light wavelength (nm), photocatalyst concentration (g/L), initial pH, and initial total organic carbon (TOC) concentration (g/L). The maximum TOC removal at optimum conditions of light wavelength (254 nm), pH (4.68), photocatalyst dosage (480 mg/L), and initial TOC concentration (11,126.5 mg/L) was determined through the numerical optimization method (9.78%) and validated with experimental data (9.42%). Finally, the first-order rate constant with respect to TOC was found to be 0.0005 min−1 with a residual value of 0.998.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Treatment of An Actual Confectionery Wastewater Using Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3: Optimization of Photocatalytic Reactions Using Surface Response Methodology

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Lin ◽  
Mehrab Mehrvar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Light Wavelength ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Independent Parameters

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis is one of the most commonly studied advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the mineralization of deleterious and recalcitrant compounds present in wastewater as it is stable, inexpensive, and effective. Out of all, doping with metal and non-metals, and the heterojunction with another semiconductor were proven to be efficient methods in enhancing the degradation of organic pollutants under ultraviolet (UV) and visible light. However, complex degradation processes in the treatment of an actual wastewater are difficult to model and optimize. In the present study, the application of a modified photocatalyst, Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3, for the degradation of an actual confectionery wastewater was investigated. Factorial studies and statistical design of experiments using the Box-Behnken method along with response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to identify the individual and cross-factor effects of independent parameters, including light wavelength (nm), photocatalyst concentration (g/L), initial pH, and initial total organic carbon (TOC) concentration (g/L). The maximum TOC removal at optimum conditions of light wavelength (254 nm), pH (4.68), photocatalyst dosage (480 mg/L), and initial TOC concentration (11,126.5 mg/L) was determined through the numerical optimization method (9.78%) and validated with experimental data (9.42%). Finally, the first-order rate constant with respect to TOC was found to be 0.0005 min−1 with a residual value of 0.998.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Treatment of An Actual Confectionery Wastewater Using Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3: Optimization of Photocatalytic Reactions Using Surface Response Methodology.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ping Lin ◽  
Mehrab Mehrvar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Light Wavelength ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Independent Parameters

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysis is one of the most commonly studied advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the mineralization of deleterious and recalcitrant compounds present in wastewater as it is stable, inexpensive, and effective. Out of all, doping with metal and non-metals, and the heterojunction with another semiconductor were proven to be efficient methods in enhancing the degradation of organic pollutants under ultraviolet (UV) and visible light. However, complex degradation processes in the treatment of an actual wastewater are difficult to model and optimize. In the present study, the application of a modified photocatalyst, Ag/TiO2/Fe2O3, for the degradation of an actual confectionery wastewater was investigated. Factorial studies and statistical design of experiments using the Box-Behnken method along with response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to identify the individual and cross-factor effects of independent parameters, including light wavelength (nm), photocatalyst concentration (g/L), initial pH, and initial total organic carbon (TOC) concentration (g/L). The maximum TOC removal at optimum conditions of light wavelength (254 nm), pH (4.68), photocatalyst dosage (480 mg/L), and initial TOC concentration (11,126.5 mg/L) was determined through the numerical optimization method (9.78%) and validated with experimental data (9.42%). Finally, the first-order rate constant with respect to TOC was found to be 0.0005 min−1 with a residual value of 0.998.

Optimization of operating parameters for efficient photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli based on a statistical design of experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Feilizadeh ◽  
Iran Alemzadeh ◽  
Amin Delparish ◽  
M. R. Karimi Estahbanati ◽  
Mahdi Soleimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Photocatalytic Disinfection ◽  
Initial Ph

In this work, the individual and interaction effects of three key operating parameters of the photocatalytic disinfection process were evaluated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) for the first time. The chosen operating parameters were: reaction temperature, initial pH of the reaction mixture and TiO2 P-25 photocatalyst loading. Escherichia coli concentration, after 90 minutes irradiation of UV-A light, was selected as the response. Twenty sets of photocatalytic disinfection experiments were conducted by adjusting operating parameters at five levels using the central composite design. Based on the experimental data, a semi-empirical expression was established and applied to predict the response. Analysis of variance revealed a strong correlation between predicted and experimental values of the response. The optimum values of the reaction temperature, initial pH of the reaction mixture and photocatalyst loading were found to be 40.3 °C, 5.9 g/L, and 1.0 g/L, respectively. Under the optimized conditions, E. coli concentration was observed to reduce from 107 to about 11 CFU/mL during the photocatalytic process. Moreover, all these results showed the great significance of the RSM in developing high performance processes for photocatalytic water disinfection.

A Method to Optimize Ceramic Masses for Coatings through Delineation of Experiments

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 436-441
Author(s):  
Jair Silveira ◽  
Luiz Renato de A.P. Pontes ◽  
Josinaldo P. Leite ◽  
Jorge H. Echude-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Bending Resistance ◽  
Response Variables

This article presents a method to optimize the formulation of ceramic masses for coatings using the statistical design of experiments. The project of simplex mixtures in pseudocomponents considered six control factors (wt. %): talc, quartz, limestone, phyllite, dolomite and clay and three response variables: linear retraction, bending resistance and water absorption. The proposed method was implemented in the stages: (1) identification of the problem, (2) planning and execution of the experiments and (3) optimization and discussion of the results. The optimization method is defined through the simulation, imposing the restrictions that each response demands.

scholarly journals Statistical Optimization of the Physico-Chemical Parameters for Pigment Production in Submerged Fermentation of Talaromyces albobiverticillius 30548

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekala Venkatachalam ◽  
Alain Shum-Chéong-Sing ◽  
Laurent Dufossé ◽  
Mireille Fouillaud
Keyword(s):  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Agitation Speed ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Potato Dextrose Broth ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
The Individual

Talaromyces albobiverticillius 30548 is a marine-derived pigment producing filamentous fungus, isolated from the La Réunion island, in the Indian Ocean. The objective of this study was to examine and optimize the submerged fermentation (SmF) process parameters such as initial pH (4–9), temperature (21–27 °C), agitation speed (100–200 rpm), and fermentation time (0–336 h), for maximum production of pigments (orange and red) and biomass, using the Box–Behnken Experimental Design and Response Surface Modeling (BBED and RSM). This methodology allowed consideration of multifactorial interactions between a set of parameters. Experiments were carried out based on the BBED using 250 mL shake flasks, with a 100 mL working volume of potato dextrose broth (PDB). From the experimental data, mathematical models were developed to predict the pigments and biomass yields. The individual and interactive effects of the process variables on the responses were also investigated (RSM). The optimal conditions for maximum production of pigments and biomass were derived by the numerical optimization method, as follows—initial pH of 6.4, temperature of 24 °C, agitation speed of 164 rpm, and fermentation time of 149 h, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Cyclone Using Multiphase Flow Computational Fluid Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Weber ◽  
William Fullmer ◽  
Aytekin Gel ◽  
Jordan Musser
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Vortex Tube ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Original Design

Abstract The U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL) 50 kWth chemical looping reactor (CLR) has an underperforming cyclone, which was designed using empirical correlations. To improve the performance of this cyclone using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based modeling simulations, four critical design parameters including the vortex tube radius and length, barrel radius, and the inlet width and height were optimized. NETL's open source multiphase flow with interphase exchange (MFiX) CFD code has been used to model a series of cyclones by systematically varying the geometric design parameters. To perform the optimization process, the surrogate modeling and sensitivity analysis followed by the optimization capability in nodeworks was used. The basic methodology for the process is to employ a statistical design of experiments (DOE) method to generate sampling simulations that fill the design space. Corresponding CFD models are then created, executed, and postprocessed. A response surface is created to characterize the relationship between input parameters and the quantities of interest (QoI). Finally, the CFD-surrogate is used by an optimization method to find the optimal design condition based on the objective and constraints prescribed. The resulting optimal cyclone has a larger diameter and longer vortex tube, a larger diameter barrel, and a taller and narrower solids inlet. The improved design has a predicted pressure drop 11 times lower than the original design while reducing the mass loss by a factor of 2.3.

STATISTICAL DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS FOR THE Cr(VI) ADSORPTION ON WEED Salvinia cucullata

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Sundar Baral ◽  
Ganesan Surendran ◽  
Namrata Das ◽  
Polisetty Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments

scholarly journals Synthesis of an Addition-Crosslinkable, Silicon-Modified Polyolefin via Reactive Extrusion Monitored by In-Line Raman Spectroscopy

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1246
Author(s):  
Steffen Ulitzsch ◽  
Tim Bäuerle ◽  
Mona Stefanakis ◽  
Marc Brecht ◽  
Thomas Chassé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Process Analytical Technology ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Reactive Extrusion ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Grafting Efficiency ◽  
Grafting Reaction ◽  
Central Composite Experimental Design ◽  
Process Factors

We present the modification of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM) with vinyltetra-methydisiloxane (VTMDS) via reactive extrusion to create a new silicone-based material with the potential for high-performance applications in the automotive, industrial and biomedical sectors. The radical-initiated modification is achieved with a peroxide catalyst starting the grafting reaction. The preparation process of the VTMDS-grafted EPM was systematically investigated using process analytical technology (in-line Raman spectroscopy) and the statistical design of experiments (DoE). By applying an orthogonal factorial array based on a face-centered central composite experimental design, the identification, quantification and mathematical modeling of the effects of the process factors on the grafting result were undertaken. Based on response surface models, process windows were defined that yield high grafting degrees and good grafting efficiency in terms of grafting agent utilization. To control the grafting process in terms of grafting degree and grafting efficiency, the chemical changes taking place during the modification procedure in the extruder were observed in real-time using a spectroscopic in-line Raman probe which was directly inserted into the extruder. Successful grafting of the EPM was validated in the final product by 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cutting-Tool Coating on the Surface Roughness and Hole Dimensional Tolerances during Drilling of Al6061-T651 Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1783
Author(s):  
Hamza A. Al-Tameemi ◽  
Thamir Al-Dulaimi ◽  
Michael Oluwatobiloba Awe ◽  
Shubham Sharma ◽  
Danil Yurievich Pimenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽  
Hole Quality ◽  
Coated Tools ◽  
Tool Coating

Aluminum alloys are soft and have low melting temperatures; therefore, machining them often results in cut material fusing to the cutting tool due to heat and friction, and thus lowering the hole quality. A good practice is to use coated cutting tools to overcome such issues and maintain good hole quality. Therefore, the current study investigates the effect of cutting parameters (spindle speed and feed rate) and three types of cutting-tool coating (TiN/TiAlN, TiAlN, and TiN) on the surface finish, form, and dimensional tolerances of holes drilled in Al6061-T651 alloy. The study employed statistical design of experiments and ANOVA (analysis of variance) to evaluate the contribution of each of the input parameters on the measured hole-quality outputs (surface-roughness metrics Ra and Rz, hole size, circularity, perpendicularity, and cylindricity). The highest surface roughness occurred when using TiN-coated tools. All holes in this study were oversized regardless of the tool coating or cutting parameters used. TiN tools, which have a lower coating hardness, gave lower hole circularity at the entry and higher cylindricity, while TiN/TiAlN and TiAlN seemed to be more effective in reducing hole particularity when drilling at higher spindle speeds. Finally, optical microscopes revealed that a built-up edge and adhesions were most likely to form on TiN-coated tools due to TiN’s chemical affinity and low oxidation temperature compared to the TiN/TiAlN and TiAlN coatings.

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