scholarly journals Simulation of fate & transport of contaminants in groundwater for supporting site assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashar Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Data Collection Program ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
Water Quality Problem ◽  
Collection Program

Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural systems in science and engineering. Simulations can be used to explore and gain new insights into new technology, and to estimate the performance of systems too complex for analytical solutions. BIOPLUME III is a numerical two-dimensional model that tracks the fate and transport of aromatic hydrocarbons. To help the environmental professional with the data management, visualization, and decision making tasks involved. Interpretations based on model analyses must recognize the significance of uncertainties in input data. Models of ground-water systems should be regarded as just one tool among many that can be used in the analysis of a ground-water quality problem. Numerical simulation can help the analyst integrate available data, evaluate conceptual models, test hypotheses pertaining to flow and quality changes, and predict system responses to alternative stresses. The models do not replace field data, but they help to guide the design of a more effective and more efficient data-collection program.

scholarly journals Simulation of fate & transport of contaminants in groundwater for supporting site assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashar Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Data Collection Program ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
Water Quality Problem ◽  
Collection Program

Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural systems in science and engineering. Simulations can be used to explore and gain new insights into new technology, and to estimate the performance of systems too complex for analytical solutions. BIOPLUME III is a numerical two-dimensional model that tracks the fate and transport of aromatic hydrocarbons. To help the environmental professional with the data management, visualization, and decision making tasks involved. Interpretations based on model analyses must recognize the significance of uncertainties in input data. Models of ground-water systems should be regarded as just one tool among many that can be used in the analysis of a ground-water quality problem. Numerical simulation can help the analyst integrate available data, evaluate conceptual models, test hypotheses pertaining to flow and quality changes, and predict system responses to alternative stresses. The models do not replace field data, but they help to guide the design of a more effective and more efficient data-collection program.

Sport Concussion Education and Prevention

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Tator
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sport Concussion ◽  
Data Collection Program ◽  
Collection Program ◽  
Concussion Education

There has been a remarkable increase in the past 10 years in the awareness of concussion in the sports and recreation communities. Just as sport participants, their families, coaches, trainers, and sports organizations now know more about concussions, health care professionals are also better prepared to diagnose and manage concussions. As has been stated in the formal articles in this special issue on sport-related concussion, education about concussion is one of the most important aspects of concussion prevention, with the others being data collection, program evaluation, improved engineering, and introduction and enforcement of rules. Unfortunately, the incidence of concussion appears to be rising in many sports and thus, additional sports-specific strategies are required to reduce the incidence, short-term effects, and long term consequences of concussion. Enhanced educational strategies are required to ensure that individual participants, sports organizations, and health care professionals recognize concussions and manage them proficiently according to internationally recognized guidelines. Therefore, this paper serves as a “brief report” on a few important aspects of concussion education and prevention.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Is Changing Our View of the Coast: Insights from 40 Years of Monitoring at Narrabeen-Collaroy, Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Splinter ◽  
Mitchell Harley ◽  
Ian Turner
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Data Collection Program ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Collection Program

Narrabeen-Collaroy Beach, located on the Northern Beaches of Sydney along the Pacific coast of southeast Australia, is one of the longest continuously monitored beaches in the world. This paper provides an overview of the evolution and international scientific impact of this long-term beach monitoring program, from its humble beginnings over 40 years ago using the rod and tape measure Emery field survey method; to today, where the application of remote sensing data collection including drones, satellites and crowd-sourced smartphone images, are now core aspects of this continuing and much expanded monitoring effort. Commenced in 1976, surveying at this beach for the first 30 years focused on in-situ methods, whereby the growing database of monthly beach profile surveys informed the coastal science community about fundamental processes such as beach state evolution and the role of cross-shore and alongshore sediment transport in embayment morphodynamics. In the mid-2000s, continuous (hourly) video-based monitoring was the first application of routine remote sensing at the site, providing much greater spatial and temporal resolution over the traditional monthly surveys. This implementation of video as the first of a now rapidly expanding range of remote sensing tools and techniques also facilitated much wider access by the international research community to the continuing data collection program at Narrabeen-Collaroy. In the past decade the video-based data streams have formed the basis of deeper understanding into storm to multi-year response of the shoreline to changing wave conditions and also contributed to progress in the understanding of estuary entrance dynamics. More recently, ‘opportunistic’ remote sensing platforms such as surf cameras and smartphones have also been used for image-based shoreline data collection. Commencing in 2011, a significant new focus for the Narrabeen-Collaroy monitoring program shifted to include airborne lidar (and later Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)), in an enhanced effort to quantify the morphological impacts of individual storm events, understand key drivers of erosion, and the placing of these observations within their broader regional context. A fixed continuous scanning lidar installed in 2014 again improved the spatial and temporal resolution of the remote-sensed data collection, providing new insight into swash dynamics and the often-overlooked processes of post-storm beach recovery. The use of satellite data that is now readily available to all coastal researchers via Google Earth Engine continues to expand the routine data collection program and provide key insight into multi-decadal shoreline variability. As new and expanding remote sensing technologies continue to emerge, a key lesson from the long-term monitoring at Narrabeen-Collaroy is the importance of a regular re-evaluation of what data is most needed to progress the science.

Abstract 18: Does Quality Improvement Training Add to Audit and Feedback for Inpatient Stroke Care Processes?

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S Williams ◽  
Virginia Daggett ◽  
James Slaven ◽  
Zhangsheng Yu ◽  
Danielle Sager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Dvt Prophylaxis ◽  
Care Processes ◽  
Data Collection Program ◽  
Collection Program

Background: Despite advances in stroke care, many patients do not receive recommended care processes. Quality indicator (QI) reporting programs, like GWTG-Stroke, have been shown to improve care. We sought to determine whether training plus QI feedback was more effective than QI feedback alone in improving two stroke QIs. Methods: We conducted a cluster randomized trial in 11 VA hospitals. Sites were randomized to a quality improvement training program plus QI feedback vs. QI feedback alone to improve DVT prophylaxis and dysphagia screening. Intervention sites received face-to-face training, developed individualized improvement plans, and had 6 months of post-training facilitation. Both groups received monthly QI feedback. Eligibility and passing for the two stroke QIs, plus nine other stroke QIs, was determined by centralized chart review. We compared pre-intervention (pre-I) to post-intervention (post-I) performance on the two stroke QIs and on defect-free care (DF, a binary patient-level variable including all QIs) in intervention vs. control sites. We constructed logistic models of the two QIs and DF care, adjusting for patient variables, time, intervention group, and time-group interaction. Results: The five intervention sites had 1147 admissions and the six control sites had 1017 admissions during the study period. DVT prophylaxis was similar pre-I (85% vs. 90%) and improved in both groups (post-I rates 90% intervention and 94% control, ratio of ORs 0.89, p = 0.75). Dysphagia screening was higher pre-I in intervention sites (51% vs. 37%), and improved more in the control sites (post-I 56% and 52%, ratio of ORs 0.67, p=0.04). In logistic models, DVT, Dysphagia, and DF performance were associated with baseline performance and post-I time. Dysphagia performance was also associated with NIHSS and time-group interaction, and DF care was also associated with the presence of a baseline data collection program. Conclusion: Quality improvement training did not add to the impact of data feedback in sites already motivated to participate in QI initiatives. Defect-free stroke care is associated with an ongoing stroke data collection program, emphasizing the importance of audit and feedback to achieve the highest quality stroke care.

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