scholarly journals Analisis Kemampuan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Dalam Menyerap Sisa Emisi Karbon (Studi Kasus: Hutan Kota Muhammad Sabki Kota Jambi)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fajar ◽  
G M Saragih ◽  
Soni Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Average Residual ◽  
The City

Muhammad Sabki City Forest is one of the urban forests that is used as Green Open Space in Jambi City, one of the functions of urban forests is absorbing CO2 gas emissions, the analysis carried out in the forest city of Muhammad Sabki in Jambi is to find out how much CO2 emissions remaining by determining tree canopy / cover points consisting of 3 measurement locations, measurements carried out in the morning, afternoon and evening where location I with tree canopy / cover is rarely obtained on average the remaining emis of CO2 produced for 1 week at in the morning at 420.762 ppm, during the day 403.057 ppm, and in the afternoon at 409.038 ppm, while at location II with density / medium tree cover, in the morning it was 420.610 ppm, during the day 401.762 ppm, and in the afternoon 409,210 ppm, then at the location of point III in the morning it was 420,429 ppm, during the day 402,981 ppm and in the afternoon 414,638 ppm. Where is the average residual CO2 emissions produced? an annual 0,150 (tons / year) this shows that it is still in accordance with the criteria for quality standards for air quality so that the city of Muhammad Sabki Jambi City still has good quality in absorbing residual CO2 emissions generated from activities or activities of humans and other living things.

scholarly journals Diversity of Medicinal Plants among Different Tree Canopies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2640
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Akash Jamil ◽  
Syed Bilal Hussain ◽  
Ahsan Ul Haq ◽  
Ahmad Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Closed Canopy

The moist temperate forests in Northern Pakistan are home to a variety of flora and fauna that are pivotal in sustaining the livelihoods of the local communities. In these forests, distribution and richness of vegetation, especially that of medicinal plants, is rarely reported. In this study, we carried out a vegetation survey in District Balakot, located in Northeastern Pakistan, to characterize the diversity of medicinal plants under different canopies of coniferous forest. The experimental site was divided into three major categories (viz., closed canopy, open spaces, and partial tree cover). A sampling plot of 100 m2 was established on each site to measure species diversity, dominance, and evenness. To observe richness and abundance, the rarefaction and rank abundance curves were plotted. Results revealed that a total of 45 species representing 34 families were available in the study site. Medicinal plants were the most abundant (45%) followed by edible plants (26%). Tree canopy cover affected the overall growth of medicinal plants on the basis of abundance and richness. The site with partial canopy exhibited the highest diversity, dominance, and abundance compared to open spaces and closed canopy. These findings are instrumental in identifying the wealth of the medicinal floral diversity in the northeastern temperate forest of Balakot and the opportunity to sustain the livelihoods of local communities with the help of public/private partnership.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Global Forest Change Datasets for National Forest Monitoring and Reporting

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Galiatsatos ◽  
Daniel N.M. Donoghue ◽  
Pete Watt ◽  
Pradeepa Bholanath ◽  
Jeffrey Pickering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Data ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Change ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Year 2000

Global Forest Change datasets have the potential to assist countries with national forest measuring, reporting and verification (MRV) requirements. This paper assesses the accuracy of the Global Forest Change data against nationally derived forest change data by comparing the forest loss estimates from the global data with the equivalent data from Guyana for the period 2001–2017. To perform a meaningful comparison between these two datasets, the initial year 2000 forest state needs first to be matched to the definition of forest land cover appropriate to a local national setting. In Guyana, the default definition of 30% tree cover overestimates forest area is by 483,000 ha (18.15%). However, by using a tree canopy cover (i.e., density of tree canopy coverage metric) threshold of 94%, a close match between the Guyana-MRV non-forest area and the Global Forest Change dataset is achieved with a difference of only 24,210 ha (0.91%) between the two maps. A complimentary analysis using a two-stage stratified random sampling design showed the 94% tree canopy cover threshold gave a close correspondence (R2 = 0.98) with the Guyana-MRV data, while the Global Forest Change default setting of 30% tree canopy cover threshold gave a poorer fit (R2 = 0.91). Having aligned the definitions of forest for the Global Forest Change and the Guyana-MRV products for the year 2000, we show that over the period 2001–2017 the Global Forest Change data yielded a 99.34% overall Correspondence with the reference data and a 94.35% Producer’s Accuracy. The Guyana-MRV data yielded a 99.36% overall Correspondence with the reference data and a 95.94% Producer’s Accuracy. A year-by-year analysis of change from 2001–2017 shows that in some years, the Global Forest Change dataset underestimates change, and in other years, such as 2016 and 2017, change is detected that is not forest loss or gain, hence the apparent overestimation. The conclusion is that, when suitably calibrated for percentage tree cover, the Global Forest Change datasets give a good first approximation of forest loss (and, probably, gains). However, in countries with large areas of forest cover and low levels of deforestation, these data should not be relied upon to provide a precise annual loss/gain or rate of change estimate for audit purposes without using independent high-quality reference data.

scholarly journals Bird Diversity Unconsciously Increases People’s Satisfaction with Where They Live

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Lauren Hepburn ◽  
Adam C. Smith ◽  
John Zelenski ◽  
Lenore Fahrig
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Neighbourhood Satisfaction ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover

There is growing evidence that exposure to nature increases human well-being, including in urban areas. However, relatively few studies have linked subjective satisfaction to objective features of the environment. In this study we explore the links among objective environmental features (tree cover, water, and bird diversity) and subjective judgements of satisfaction. We surveyed residents of Ottawa, Canada (n = 1035) about their satisfaction with their local neighbourhoods. We then compared the survey responses to measures of nature near their homes, including bird diversity (number of bird species), tree canopy cover, and distance to water. After controlling for effects of income and subjective happiness, residents’ neighbourhood satisfaction was positively related to the number of bird species nearby, even before participants were prompted to consider nature. Residents’ appreciation of their local neigbourhood relative to others also increased with tree canopy cover and nearness to water. Unsolicited comments from participants following the survey indicated that while residents consciously appreciate trees and water, the relationship between bird diversity and neighbourhood satisfaction appears to be unconscious; very few of the participants mentioned birds. Based on these results, we speculate that a diverse local bird community may provoke feelings of satisfaction through their presence, activity, and songs. Our results create a compelling argument for city planners and individual residents to maintain bird-friendly spaces in urban areas.

scholarly journals Blue-Green infrastructure determines the microclimate mitigation potential targeted for urban cooling

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
R Sanusi ◽  
M Jalil
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Urban Heat Island (UHI) exacerbated by global warming can increase the thermal load in cities, which leads to more extreme climate events. One of the strategies to mitigate the impact of extreme climates and UHI is through nature-based solutions such as the Blue-Green Infrastructure as it provides environmental and community benefits However, Blue-Green Infrastructure’s role in urban cooling in the tropics still needs to be further investigated. Therefore, this study examined the role of Blue-Green Infrastructure on microclimate modifications in an urban park. Microclimate measurements were made using systematic random sampling with random start (total of 64 sampling points) at a waterbody (Blue Infrastructure) and tree and grass (Green Infrastructure) areas during solar noon time (1200-1400). Blue-Green Infrastructure showed greater microclimate benefits compared to the open space with the reduction of air temperature by up 1.6°C. However, green infrastructure had greater cooling benefits compared to Blue Infrastructure especially trees with significantly lower air temperature and solar radiation interception (0.71°C and 250.3 W/m2, respectively) as well as higher relative humidity (12.17%). Moreover, stand characteristics determine the microclimate mitigation function. This study provides a useful indication of the role of blue and green spaces in urban cooling, where it further emphasizes the importance of Blue-Green Infrastructure utilization in urban landscapes. It further recommends that urban planners, managers and policymakers should consider these strategies for urban cooling purposes : 1) Utilising Blue and Green Infrastructures especially trees 2) Tree canopy cover and DBH should be set as priority traits.

scholarly journals A Spatial Ecosystem Services Assessment to Support Decision and Policy Making: The Case of the City of Bologna

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2787
Author(s):  
Francesca Vignoli ◽  
Claudia de Luca ◽  
Simona Tondelli
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
The City

In recent years, both mapping and assessing urban Ecosystem Services (ESs) to support urban planning has been a topic of great debate. This work aims at contributing to this discussion by developing and testing a methodological approach to first assess and map supply and demand of ESs, and then identify areas of priority of intervention. Starting from the existing models, the work develops a tailored approach to map and assess three ESs (water retention and runoff, PM10 removal, and carbon sequestration and storage) that are tested in the city of Bologna and tailored according to available open data. All data are processed in a GIS environment to allow for spatial distribution and visualization of ESs. These maps facilitate defining supply and demands and, consequently, the presence and distribution of ESs deficiencies. Building on mismatches, this paper proposes four clusters by grouping the city’s districts based on predominant land use (built-up, green urban areas) and tree canopy cover. This classification enabled the identification of intervention priority areas and suggestions of relevant nature-based solutions (NBS) to be implemented. The proposed method can serve other urban areas to perform a rapid assessment of their current needs and challenges in terms of ES provision.

scholarly journals TREE CANOPY COVER MAPPING USING LiDAR IN URBAN BARANGAYS OF CEBU CITY, CENTRAL PHILIPPINES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 611-615
Author(s):  
J. A. Ejares ◽  
R. R. Violanda ◽  
A. G. Diola ◽  
D. T. Dy ◽  
J. B. Otadoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Cover ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Length Width

This paper investigates tree canopy cover mapping of urban barangays (smallest administrative division in the Philippines) in Cebu City using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) was used to extract tree canopy cover. Multi-resolution segmentation and a series of assign-class algorithm in eCognition software was also performed to extract different land features. Contextual features of tree canopies such as height, area, roundness, slope, length-width and elliptic fit were also evaluated. The results showed that at the time the LiDAR data was collected (June 24, 2014), the tree cover was around 25.11&thinsp;% (or 15,674,341.8 m<sup>2</sup>) of the city’s urban barangays (or 62,426,064.6 m<sup>2</sup>). Among all urban barangays in Cebu City, Barangay Busay had the highest cover (55.79&thinsp;%) while barangay Suba had the lowest (0.8&thinsp;%). The 16 barangays with less than 10&thinsp;% tree cover were generally located in the coastal area, presumably due to accelerated urbanization. Thirty-one barangays have tree cover ranging from 10.59&ndash;-27.3&thinsp;%. Only 3 barangays (i.e., Lahug, Talamban, and Busay) have tree cover greater than 30&thinsp;%. The overall accuracy of the analysis was 96.6&thinsp;% with the Kappa Index of Agreement or KIA of 0.9. From the study, a grouping can be made of the city’s urban barangays with regards to tree cover. The grouping will be useful to urban planners not only in allocating budget to the tree planting program of the city but also in planning and creation of urban parks and playgrounds.

Evaluating Urban Canopy Cover Before and After Housing Redevelopment in Falls Church, Virginia, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
David Chojnacky ◽  
Emily Smith-McKenna ◽  
Laura Johnson ◽  
John McGee ◽  
Cindy Chojnacky
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
The City

Local governments have created regulations aimed to maintain and increase valuable urban tree cover. The City of Falls Church, Virginia, USA, requires each residential redevelopment to retain or plant enough trees for 20% canopy cover within ten years. To assess whether this goal is being met, we studied 21 Falls Church residential lots redeveloped between 1994 and 2011 where existing houses had been replaced with larger ones. Initial tree inventories and measurements prior to redevelopment were recorded in redevelopment plans. We remeasured preserved and planted trees in a ground survey and modeled tree canopy growth from a periodic tree diameter growth model linked to a model relating tree and crown diameters. Geospatial analysis was used to calculate nonoverlapping canopy cover within lots from crown diameter measurements and/or model predictions. We found that the City of Falls Church generally met its 20% canopy cover goal, but that the canopy cover metric alone is insufficient to fully describe urban forest recovery. Although canopy cover might recover rapidly from planting many small trees, recovery to the larger tree sizes that maximize ecosystem services can take much longer. Our modeling of lot-scale growth from field measurements showed the potential to manage forests using traditional diameter-based forest metrics that would relate results to canopy cover when needed. These forest stand metrics—based on basal area and trees per hectare—can account for tree size changes masked by the canopy cover metric.

scholarly journals Trade-off of Tree Conservation and Crop Production on Agroforestry Parklands in Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tiga Neya ◽  
Akwasi. A. Abunyewa ◽  
Oblé Neya ◽  
Daniel Callo-Concha
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Agroforestry Parkland ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Individual Trees

Rapid population growth coupled with food demand make land for agriculture scarcer obliging farmers to make use of any available piece of land at their disposal for crops production. This preferential use of land for crops production may appear to be competitive with tree keeping on farm. To elucidate that, the trade-off between crop production and tree conservation on farms was assessed in Bouroum-Bourmoum, Sapouy and Ouahigouya, three municipalities of Burkina Faso. More than 3 000 individual trees which spreading was 1 154 in Bouroum-Bourom, 884 in Ouahigouya and 1 054 in Sapouy were used. The mean tree canopy cover and tree cover in the farms were calculated. The three principal crops (millet, red sorghum and white sorghum) yield were used to estimate the trade-off using the mean tree canopy cover as the potential no cropping area. The results revealed a tree canopy cover of 66.25 m2 in Bouroum-Bourom, 59.92 m2 in Sapouy and 42.1 m2 in Ouahigouya. The average tree cover was 23.99% in Bouroum-Bouroum, 18.23% in Sapouy and 14.88% in Ouahigouya. This represents a loss in grain production of 109.5 kg/ha in Bouroum-Bouroum, 247.6 kg/ha in Sapouy and 252.8kg/ha in Ouahigouya. A higher tree cover implies a higher trade-off in the agroforestry parkland and suggests reduction in tree density. There is urgent need to work out the balance between smallholders’ farmer continuous requirement for increase food crop production and the need to maintain tree diversity in the farm for carbon credit payment promotion.

scholarly journals TREE CANOPY COVER MAPPING USING LiDAR IN URBAN BARANGAYS OF CEBU CITY, CENTRAL PHILIPPINES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Ejares ◽  
R. R. Violanda ◽  
A. G. Diola ◽  
D. T. Dy ◽  
J. B. Otadoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Cover ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Length Width

This paper investigates tree canopy cover mapping of urban barangays (smallest administrative division in the Philippines) in Cebu City using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) was used to extract tree canopy cover. Multi-resolution segmentation and a series of assign-class algorithm in eCognition software was also performed to extract different land features. Contextual features of tree canopies such as height, area, roundness, slope, length-width and elliptic fit were also evaluated. The results showed that at the time the LiDAR data was collected (June 24, 2014), the tree cover was around 25.11&thinsp;% (or 15,674,341.8 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) of the city’s urban barangays (or 62,426,064.6 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). Among all urban barangays in Cebu City, Barangay Busay had the highest cover (55.79&thinsp;%) while barangay Suba had the lowest (0.8&thinsp;%). The 16 barangays with less than 10&thinsp;% tree cover were generally located in the coastal area, presumably due to accelerated urbanization. Thirty-one barangays have tree cover ranging from 10.59&ndash;-27.3&thinsp;%. Only 3 barangays (i.e., Lahug, Talamban, and Busay) have tree cover greater than 30&thinsp;%. The overall accuracy of the analysis was 96.6&thinsp;% with the Kappa Index of Agreement or KIA of 0.9. From the study, a grouping can be made of the city’s urban barangays with regards to tree cover. The grouping will be useful to urban planners not only in allocating budget to the tree planting program of the city but also in planning and creation of urban parks and playgrounds.

scholarly journals Environmental service assessment of trees at Yogyakarta International Airport open space using CITYGreen 5.2

2021 ◽  
Vol 879 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
R A Rahmadanti ◽  
B Sulistyantara
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover

Abstract Urban development has many negative impacts in the form of an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the air. One of them is due to the increase in the volume of vehicles. CO2 causes an increase in global temperature (global warming) through the greenhouse effect. Yogyakarta International Airport has a green open space planted with trees to support the existence of the airport itself. Trees have contributed to efforts to reduce CO2 in the air through CO2 absorption. Control of the amount of CO2 emissions in the air is done by adding carbon stocks on land so that the CO2 concentration does not continue to increase, therefore this research is necessary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ability of trees to absorb pollutants and store carbon and estimate the value of environmental services that will be contributed by the tree green system at Yogyakarta International Airport based on existing planting plans. The research method used is modeling using CITYGreen 5.2 software to determine the value of tree services in the ability to absorb air pollution, carbon storage capacity, and cost savings that can be done by tree canopies. The method used in this study consisted of preparation, data inventory, and data analysis. The results of this study show that the value of environmental services provided by 125,72 acres of tree canopy cover in absorbing air pollution in the airport area is $ 9.045,54 / year or equivalent to Rp 133.356.587,10 per year, the total concentration of pollutants that can be absorbed is 3.813,30 lbs/year or equivalent to 1.729,68 kg/year, and the capacity of carbon storage is 1.326,46 tons with a sequestration rate of around 29,9 tons/year.

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