Synthesis of Nickel-loaded Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst and Its Application for Converting Used Palm Cooking Oil to Gasoline via Hydrocracking Process

The synthesis of the nickel-loaded sulfated zirconia catalyst (Ni-SZ) and its application for the hydrocracking process have been carried out. This work has been conducted to determine the activity and selectivity from various Ni concentrations loaded on sulfated zirconia (SZ) in the hydrocracking of used palm cooking oil. The synthesis technique was preceded by sulfation of ZrO2 through incipient wetness impregnation method using H2SO4 solution and then continued with the impregnation of Ni via hydrothermal method employing NiSO4 · 6H2O precursor salt. The hydrocracking process was performed in a fix-bed microreactor at the optimum temperature (350 °C). The SZ loaded with 3 wt% of Ni (Ni-SZ 3) successfully produced the highest liquid product (44.25 wt%) and selectivity on gasoline (100 %). Besides, the gasoline fraction in the liquid product was dominated by unwanted aromatics compounds. The excellent performance of Ni-SZ 3 due to it has high acidity value, specific surface area, and Ni content.

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Preparation of Cr Metal Supported on Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.948.221 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 948 ◽

pp. 221-227

Author(s):

Latifah Hauli ◽

Karna Wijaya ◽

Ria Armunanto

Keyword(s):

Sulfated Zirconia ◽

Reduction Process ◽

Catalyst Preparation ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Wet Impregnation ◽

Zirconia Catalyst ◽

Isotherm Adsorption ◽

Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst ◽

Adsorption Desorption ◽

Wet Impregnation Method

Catalyst of Chromium (Cr) metal supported on sulfated zirconia (SZ) was prepared by wet impregnation method. This study aim to determine the optimal concentration of Cr metal that impregnated on SZ catalyst. Preparation of catalyst was conducted at different concentrations of Cr metal (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% (w/w)), impregnated on SZ catalyst, then followed by the calcinationand reduction process. Catalysts were charaterized by FTIR, XRD, XRF, SAA, TEM, and acidity test. The results showed the Cr/SZ 1% had the highest acidity value of 8.22 mmol/g which confirmed from FTIR spectra. All the crystal phase of these catalysts were in monoclinic. The specific surface area increased with the increasing of Cr metal concentration on SZ catalyst and the isotherm adsorption-desorption of N2 gas observed all the catalysts as mesoporous material. The impregnation process formed particles agglomeration.

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Production of Biofuel via Catalytic Hydrocracking of Kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) Seed Oil with NiMo/HZSM-5 Catalyst

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815606001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 156 ◽

pp. 06001 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I Gede Andy Andika Parahita ◽

Yustia Wulandari Mirzayanti ◽

Ignatius Gunardi ◽

Achmad Roesyadi ◽

Danawati Hari Prajitno

Keyword(s):

Alternative Energy ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Liquid Product ◽

Hydrocarbon Composition ◽

Organic Content ◽

Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Ceiba Pentandra ◽

Hydrocracking Process

Biofuel is one of alternative energy that is being developed today to solve the problem of limited fossil fuel as an energy source. The goal of this study is to produce biofuel from kapuk (Ceiba pentandra) seed oil (KSO) through catalytic hydrocracking process using NiMo/HZSM-5 catalyst. NiMo/HZSM-5 catalyst was obtained by impregnation of nickel and molybdenum as metallic precursors on HZSM-5 catalyst as support using incipient wetness impregnation method. It was found that the surface area of the catalyst was 222.1350 m2/g, the pore diameter was 3.0148 nm and the pore volume was 0.1674 cm3/g. The diffraction peaks of nickel oxide phase and the metallic phase of nickel were observed at 2θ of 62.5102° and 51.7283°. Molybdenum oxide phases were observed at 2θ of 53.5674° and 60.4682°. The catalytic hydrocracking process was performed using slurry pressure batch reactor at the temperature of 350°C for 2 h. The obtained liquid product was analyzed using GC-MS in order to determine the organic content. It has been found that the highest compounds were the palmitic acid with 23.14 area%. Besides, the hydrocarbon composition consisted of 33.93 area% (i.e. 4.34 area% cycloparaffins, 16.02 area% n-paraffins, 12.26 area% olefins, and 1.30 area% of aromatics) and 58.73 area% of carboxylic acid. Thus, it can be concluded that NiMo/HZSM-5 catalyst can convert KSO into biofuel through catalytic hydrocracking process at the temperature of 350°C for 2 h.

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Fuel Production from LDPE-based Plastic Waste over Chromium Supported on Sulfated Zirconia

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.45694 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 422

Author(s):

Latifah Hauli ◽

Karna Wijaya ◽

Akhmad Syoufian

Keyword(s):

Sulfated Zirconia ◽

Liquid Product ◽

Gasoline Fraction ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Fuel Production ◽

Wet Impregnation ◽

Liquid Products ◽

The Stability ◽

Wet Impregnation Method

The preparation, characterization, and catalytic activity test of sulfated zirconia (SZ) modified with chromium for the hydrocracking of LDPE-based plastic waste have been investigated. SZ was prepared by wet impregnation method using zirconia nanopowder (ZrO2) and H2SO4 solution. SZ was further modified with chromium (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% wt.%) by refluxing in aqueous solution of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O, followed by calcination and reduction processes. The prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM-Mapping and TEM. Hydrocracking of LDPE-based plastic waste was conducted at various temperatures and various catalysts. In addition, the optimum catalyst was repeatedly used for the reaction to demonstrate the stability of the catalyst. Liquid products obtained by hydrocracking were characterized by GCMS. The results showed that the morphology of the prepared catalysts had different sizes and disordered shapes after the addition of sulfate and Cr. The effective temperature for hydrocracking was 250 °C. The highest selectivity to liquid product and gasoline fraction were 40.99 and 93.42 wt.%, respectively, and were obtained over Cr/SZ with 1.0 wt.% Cr. Hydrocracking of plastic waste over the used Cr/SZ catalyst with 1.0 wt.% Cr showed that the Cr/SZ catalyst was stable and reusable up to three repetitions.

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Use of Fluorinated Alumina as a Support for the Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst of Hexane Isomerization

Catalysis in Industry ◽

10.1134/s2070050421040115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 367-372

Author(s):

M. D. Smolikov ◽

O. V. Dzhikiya ◽

L. I. Bikmetova ◽

K. V. Kazantsev ◽

I. V. Muromtsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulfated Zirconia ◽

Zirconia Catalyst ◽

Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst ◽

Fluorinated Alumina

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The use of fluorinated alumina as a support of the sulfated zirconia catalyst for isomerization of hexane

Kataliz v promyshlennosti ◽

10.18412/1816-0387-2021-3-170-176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 170-176

Author(s):

M. D. Smolikov ◽

O. V. Dzhikiya ◽

L. I. Bikmetova ◽

K. V. Kazantsev ◽

I. V. Muromtsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sulfated Zirconia ◽

Hydrofluoric Acid ◽

Fluorine Doping ◽

Alumina Matrix ◽

Zirconia Catalyst ◽

Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst ◽

Fluorinated Alumina ◽

Sulfated Zirconia Catalysts ◽

Al2o3 Matrix ◽

High Octane

The study considers the effect of fluorine doping of the alumina matrix used for the synthesis of supported sulfated zirconia catalysts. Hydrofluoric acid served as a fluorinating agent. The addition of fluorine was shown to affect the textural characteristics of the Al2O3 matrix and hence the surface area of sulfated zirconia catalysts based on the doped systems. It was found that the introduction of fluorine into the catalysts increases their activity (the conversion of hexane) and the yield of high-octane isomer 2,2-dimethylbutane.

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