scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BALANCE SELF-EFFICACY AND WALKING ABILITY IN THOSE WITH NEW LOWER LIMB AMPUTATIONS

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Frengopoulos ◽  
Zaka Zia ◽  
Michael Payne ◽  
Ricardo Viana ◽  
Susan Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Straight Path ◽  
Walking Velocity ◽  
Walking Tests ◽  
Task Conditions

BACKGROUND: A relationship between walking ability and self-efficacy has been demonstrated in various rehabilitation patient populations. In experienced prosthetic ambulators, walking ability is related to self-efficacy of balance, however, this relationship has not been quantified for those with newly acquired lower limb amputations (LLA). OBJECTIVE(S): To investigate the association between walking performance (objective) and self-reported walking abilities (subjective) on balance self-efficacy in those with LLA. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study of 27 people (17 men; mean age=63.57±9.33) at discharge from inpatient prosthetic rehabilitation for first major unilateral LLA. Individuals completed 6m straight path walking and the L-Test under single- and dual-task conditions. The Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) was administered, and the Ambulation subscale provided subjective measures of walking ability. A single PEQ question on satisfaction with walking (16B) was also used as a proxy for subjective walking ability. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale measured balance self-efficacy. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the strength of association between walking ability (objective and subjective) and balance self-efficacy (dependent variable). FINDINGS: Walking velocity on the 6m straight path under single-task (p=0.011) and dual-task conditions (p=0.039), the single-task L-Test (p=0.035) and self-reported satisfaction with walking (p=0.019) were associated with self-efficacy of balance. CONCLUSION: Objective measures of walking ability that were independently associated with balance self-efficacy included straight path walking velocity under single and dual-task conditions and the single-task L-Test. Satisfaction with walking was also associated with balance self-efficacy. This highlights the interplay between physical and psychological factors during rehabilitation. More research in the area of self-efficacy and walking ability is needed to establish self-efficacy as a target during prosthetic rehabilitation for those with LLA. Layman's Abstract Self-efficacy is a person’s belief in their ability to do a certain task well. Improving self-efficacy can be done by watching others complete a task, by getting praise from experts, or by doing the task yourself. There is a link between how well some people walk and their confidence with walking, however this has not been studied in people learning to use a lower limb prosthesis. The goal of this paper was to study the link between balance self-efficacy, scores on walking tests and self-reported walking ability in those with lower limb amputations (LLA) when they leave rehabilitation. To do this, two walking tests were done (straight path and complex path) in two settings (walking only and walking with distraction). A survey about walking ability and a questionnaire on balance self-efficacy were also done. Results showed that self-efficacy of balance was related to the straight path walking test under both settings and the complex walking test during walking alone. A person’s satisfaction with walking ability was also linked. The only test not related was the complex walking test under distracting conditions. It might be that more time is needed for people with LLA to confidently do this task. This shows the link between physical and mental factors during rehabilitation. More research is needed to find other factors that might impact self-efficacy and walking ability in people with LLA when they leave rehabilitation. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/36695/28904 How To Cite: Frengopoulos C, Zia Z, Payne M.W.C, Viana R, Hunter S.W. Association between balance self-efficacy and walking ability in those with new lower limb amputations. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2022; Volume 5, Issue 1, No.4. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v5i1.36695 Corresponding Author: Courtney Frengopoulos,University of Western Ontario, Room 1408, Elborn College, London, Ontario, Canada, N6G 1H1.E-Mail: [email protected] ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-2727

Effects of Concurrent Manual Task Performance on Connected Speech Acoustics in Individuals With Parkinson Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 2099-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Whitfield ◽  
Zoe Kriegel ◽  
Adam M. Fullenkamp ◽  
Daryush D. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Speech Acoustics ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Manual Task ◽  
Task Conditions

Purpose Prior investigations suggest that simultaneous performance of more than 1 motor-oriented task may exacerbate speech motor deficits in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD). The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the extent to which performing a low-demand manual task affected the connected speech in individuals with and without PD. Method Individuals with PD and neurologically healthy controls performed speech tasks (reading and extemporaneous speech tasks) and an oscillatory manual task (a counterclockwise circle-drawing task) in isolation (single-task condition) and concurrently (dual-task condition). Results Relative to speech task performance, no changes in speech acoustics were observed for either group when the low-demand motor task was performed with the concurrent reading tasks. Speakers with PD exhibited a significant decrease in pause duration between the single-task (speech only) and dual-task conditions for the extemporaneous speech task, whereas control participants did not exhibit changes in any speech production variable between the single- and dual-task conditions. Conclusions Overall, there were little to no changes in speech production when a low-demand oscillatory motor task was performed with concurrent reading. For the extemporaneous task, however, individuals with PD exhibited significant changes when the speech and manual tasks were performed concurrently, a pattern that was not observed for control speakers. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8637008

scholarly journals Tandem Gait Test-Retest Reliability Among Healthy Child and Adolescent Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1254-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Howell ◽  
Anna N. Brilliant ◽  
William P. Meehan
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Healthy Child ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Tandem Gait

Context The tandem gait test is a method for assessing dynamic postural control and part of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, versions 3 and 5. However, its reliability among child and adolescent athletes has yet to be established. Objective To examine the test-retest reliability of the single-task and dual-task tandem gait test among healthy child and adolescent athletes. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting Sports injury-prevention center. Patients or Other Participants Uninjured and healthy athletes between the ages of 9 and 18 years. Intervention(s) Tandem gait measures repeated 3 times across the period of approximately 1 month. Main Outcome Measure(s) Participants completed the tandem gait test under single-task and dual-task (ie, while simultaneously executing a cognitive task) conditions. Our primary outcome measure was completion time during the single-task and dual-task conditions. We also assessed cognitive accuracy and response rate while participants completed the dual-task tandem gait test. Results Thirty-two child and adolescent athletes completed the study (mean age = 14.3 ± 2.4 years; females = 16). Single-task tandem gait times were similar across the 3 testing sessions (14.4 ± 4.8, 13.5 ± 4.2, and 13.8 ± 4.8 seconds; P = .45). Dual-task tandem gait times steadily improved across the test timeline (18.6 ± 6.9, 16.6 ± 4.5, and 15.8 ± 4.7 seconds; P = .02). Bivariate correlations indicated moderately high to high agreement from test 1 to test 2 (single-task r = .627; dual-task r = 0.655) and from test 2 to test 3 (single-task r = 0.852; dual-task r = 0.775). Both the single-task (intraclass correlation coefficient; ICC [3,1] = 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.73, 0.93) and dual-task (ICC [3,1] = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.69, 0.92) conditions demonstrated high reliability across testing sessions. Conclusions Tandem gait outcome measures demonstrated high test-retest reliability in both the single- and dual-task conditions. The overall reliability was within the acceptable range for clinical practice, but improvements across tests suggested a moderate practice effect. Tandem gait represents a reliable, dynamic, postural-control test that requires minimal space, cost, and time.

scholarly journals Backward Walking and Dual-Task Assessment Improve Identification of Gait Impairments and Fall Risk in Individuals with MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Erin M. Edwards ◽  
Deborah A. Kegelmeyer ◽  
Anne D. Kloos ◽  
Manon Nitta ◽  
Danya Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Backward Walking ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience deficits in motor and cognitive domains, resulting in impairment in dual-task walking ability. The goal of this study was to compare performance of forward walking and backward walking in single- and dual-task conditions in persons with MS to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We also examined relationships between forward and backward walking to cognitive function, balance, and retrospective fall reports. Methods. All measures were collected in a single session. A 2×2×2 mixed model ANOVA was used to compare differences in forward and backward walking in single- and dual-task conditions between MS and healthy controls. Spearman correlations were used to examine relationships between gait and cognitive function, falls, and balance. Results. Eighteen individuals with relapsing-remitting MS and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls participated. Backward walking velocity revealed significant differences between groups for both single-task (p=0.015) and dual-task (p=0.014) conditions. Persons with MS demonstrated significant differences between single- and dual-task forward and backward walking velocities (p=0.023; p=0.004), whereas this difference was only apparent in the backward walking condition for healthy controls (p=0.004). In persons with MS, there were significant differences in double support time between single- and dual-task conditions in both backward (p<0.001) and forward (p=0.001) directions. More falls at six months were significantly associated with shorter backward dual-task stride length (r=−0.490; p=0.046) and slower velocity (r=−0.483; p=0.050). Conclusion. Differences in MS and age- and sex-matched healthy controls are more pronounced during backward compared to forward walking under single- and dual-task conditions. Future work with a larger sample size is needed to validate the clinical utility of backward walking and dual-task assessments and mitigate the limited sensitivity of the current dual-task assessments that primarily rely upon forward walking.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Patients with Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease by Walking Tests: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra CIOCAN ◽  
Răzvan A. CIOCAN ◽  
Claudia D. GHERMAN ◽  
Sorana D. BOLBOACĂ
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Walking Tests ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Surgery Department

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) directly affects the quality of life, patients experimenting limited walking ability and disability. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the walking and climbing patterns of patients with lower extremity PAD in relation with several risk factors, applied on Romanian population. A cohort non-randomized design was conducted and all eligible subjects who self-referred for medical care since March 2016 until February 2017 at the Second Surgery Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Cluj-Napoca were included. The eligible patients were older than 18 years, with leg pain and Rutherford grade from I to IV. The following tests were applied to each subject included in the study to investigate the capacity to walk as far as possible in six minute (6 minute walking test), the capacity to climb stairs (climbing stairs test) and the capacity to walk on a treadmill (treadmill test) until the pain occurred. Twenty-four patients with mean age of 65.08±8.53 years were investigated. Almost 81% of patients were with chronic pain, 46% were overweight, and 79% were smokers. The results on applied walking tests were as follows: 279.17±70.58 meters to 6-minutes walking test, 77.50±21.80 stairs and 182.50±73.34 meters on treadmill test. The results of the walking tests significantly correlate with each other (ρ>0.93, p<0.0001), and all applied tests significantly correlate with toe gangrene (ρ>|0.52|, p<0.01) and toe disarticulation (ρ>0.62, p<0.002). It can be concluded that any of the applied walking test proved reliable instrument, able to identify the patients with most severe PAD.

The Relation between the Type A Behavior Pattern, Pacing, and Subjective Workload under Single-and Dual-Task Conditions

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Damos
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Type A ◽  
Type A Behavior ◽  
Type B ◽  
Type A Behavior Pattern ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
And Task

Twenty Type A and 20 Type B subjects performed two discrete tasks alone and together. Half of the subjects performed paced versions of both tasks; half, unpaced versions. Workload ratings were obtained for all subjects under single-and dual-task conditions using eight bipolar adjective scales. Under single-task conditions there was a significant interaction between behavior pattern and pacing on one of the tasks. This interaction indicated that Type A subjects responded more rapidly under unpaced conditions than did Type B subjects, although there was little difference between the groups under paced conditions. Under dualtask conditions, Type A subjects responded more rapidly than did Type B subjects regardless of pacing. There was one significant interaction between behavior pattern and task on one of the workload scales.

scholarly journals Timing of reactive stepping among individuals with sub-acute stroke: effects of ‘single-task’ and ‘dual-task’ conditions

Heliyon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. e00186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Schinkel-Ivy ◽  
Andrew H. Huntley ◽  
Elizabeth L. Inness ◽  
Avril Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Reactive Stepping

Effects of Category and Rhyme Decisions on Sentence Production

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Georg Bosshardt ◽  
Waltraud Ballmer ◽  
Luc F. de Nil
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sentence Generation ◽  
Secondary Tasks ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Dual Versus ◽  
Task Conditions

The aim of the present experiment was to investigate differences between persons who stutter and persons who do not stutter during the production of sentences in a single task versus two dual-task conditions. Participants were required to form a sentence containing 2 unrelated nouns. In dual-task conditions, rhyme and category decisions were used as secondary tasks. The results for 14 adults who stutter and 16 adults who do not stutter are reported. Dependent variables were the number of correct rhyme and category decisions, decision latencies, length, number of propositions, sentence latency, speech rate of sentences, disfluencies, and stuttering rates. The results indicated that both groups reduced the average number of correct rhyme and category decisions when this task was performed concurrently with sentence generation and production. Similarly, the 2 groups of participants did not differ with respect to the correctness and latency of their decisions. Under single-task conditions the sentences of both groups had a comparable number of propositions. But under dual- as compared with singletask conditions persons who stutter significantly reduced the number of propositions whereas persons who do not stutter did not show a significant dual- versus single-task contrast. Experimental conditions did not significantly influence stuttering rates. These results suggest that persons who stutter require more processing capacity for sentence generation and articulation than persons who do not stutter and that both groups keep stuttering rates at a constant level by adjusting the number of propositional units of their linguistic productions. The results support the view that the organization of the speech-production system of persons who stutter makes it more vulnerable to interference from concurrent attention-demanding semantic tasks.

scholarly journals Training of Balance Under Single- and Dual-Task Conditions in Older Adults With Balance Impairment

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patima Silsupadol ◽  
Ka-Chun Siu ◽  
Anne Shumway-Cook ◽  
Marjorie H Woollacott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Instructional Set ◽  
Task Training ◽  
Dual Task Training ◽  
Task Conditions

Background and Purpose. Traditionally, rehabilitation programs emphasize training balance under single-task conditions to improve balance and reduce risk for falls. The purpose of this case report is to describe 3 balance training approaches in older adults with impaired balance. Case Descriptions. Three patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 interventions: (1) single-task balance training, (2) dual-task training under a fixed-priority instructional set, and (3) dual-task training under a variable-priority instructional set. Outcomes. The patients who received balance training under dual-task conditions showed dual-task training benefits; these training benefits were maintained for 3 months. The patient who received variable-priority training showed improvement on novel dual tasks. Discussion. Older adults may be able to improve their balance under dual-task conditions only following specific types of balance training. This case report gives insight on how this intervention might be combined with more traditional physical therapy intervention. [Silsupadol P, Siu KC, Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Training of balance under single- and dual-task conditions in older adults with balance impairment. Phys Ther. 2006;86:269–281.]

scholarly journals Attentional Focus, Dispositional Reinvestment, and Skilled Motor Performance under Pressure

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin C. Jackson ◽  
Kelly J. Ashford ◽  
Glen Norsworthy
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Skilled Performance ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Conceptual Distinction ◽  
Task Conditions

Attentional processes governing skilled motor behavior were examined in two studies. In Experiment 1, field hockey players performed a dribbling task under single-task, dual-task, and skill-focused conditions under both low and high pressure situations. In Experiment 2, skilled soccer players performed a dribbling task under single-task, skill-focused, and process-goal conditions, again under low and high pressure situations. Results replicated recent findings regarding the detrimental effect of skill-focused attention and the facilitative effect of dual-task conditions on skilled performance. In addition, focusing on movement related process goals was found to adversely affect performance. Support for the predictive validity of the Reinvestment Scale was also found, with high reinvesters displaying greater susceptibility to skill failure under pressure. Results were consistent with explicit monitoring theories of choking and are further discussed in light of the conceptual distinction between explicit monitoring and reinvestment of conscious control.

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