scholarly journals Evaluatıon of Basal Metabolıc Panels in Drug Poısonıng Who Applıed Wıth Actıvated Charcoal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Gastrointestinal Decontamination

Introduction: Poisoning is the hindering of the bodily functions of the organism after it encounters a toxic factor. Poisoning may be the result of suicide attempts, overdose, or adverse effects. Some of these patients require gastrointestinal decontamination. The most commonly used material for this is activated charcoal. Activated charcoal may cause side-effects in the human body. Purpose: This study examines the effects of active charcoal on the basic metabolic panel when used on patients for any reason. Material and Method: This is a retrospective, single-center, and observational study. The subjects of the study are patients that were admitted to the emergency room between 01.01.2012 and 30.07.2017 with various cases of poisoning, and who underwent activated charcoal treatment. The ingested drugs were classified according to their active substances. The patients were evaluated with regard to their age, gender, vital findings, chronic diseases, chronic medication, whether they were referred from external centres, and whether or not they received active charcoal. Results: The changes in patients' levels of pCO2, Na, Ca, BUN, creatinine and blood glucose were found to be statistically significant. However, since all the obtained values were within reference ranges, the difference was not considered to be clinically significant. No significant change was observed in blood pH, K and Mg concentrations. Conclusion: This study is a first in the literature to indicate that there is no clinically significant change in the basic metabolic panels of patients who received active charcoal treatment. This study has shown that active charcoal treatment can be applied to patients with chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluatıon of Basal Metabolıc Panels in Drug Poısonıng Who Applıed Wıth Actıvated Charcoal

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Gastrointestinal Decontamination

Introduction: Poisoning is the hindering of the bodily functions of the organism after it encounters a toxic factor. Poisoning may be the result of suicide attempts, overdose, or adverse effects. Some of these patients require gastrointestinal decontamination. The most commonly used material for this is activated charcoal. Activated charcoal may cause side-effects in the human body. Purpose: This study examines the effects of active charcoal on the basic metabolic panel when used on patients for any reason. Material and Method: This is a retrospective, single-center, and observational study. The subjects of the study are patients that were admitted to the emergency room between 01.01.2012 and 30.07.2017 with various cases of poisoning, and who underwent activated charcoal treatment. The ingested drugs were classified according to their active substances. The patients were evaluated with regard to their age, gender, vital findings, chronic diseases, chronic medication, whether they were referred from external centres, and whether or not they received active charcoal. Results: The changes in patients' levels of pCO2, Na, Ca, BUN, creatinine and blood glucose were found to be statistically significant. However, since all the obtained values were within reference ranges, the difference was not considered to be clinically significant. No significant change was observed in blood pH, K and Mg concentrations. Conclusion: This study is a first in the literature to indicate that there is no clinically significant change in the basic metabolic panels of patients who received active charcoal treatment. This study has shown that active charcoal treatment can be applied to patients with chronic diseases.

Ascendency of the Black Bottle (Activated Charcoal)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-951
Author(s):  
JOSEPH GREENSHER ◽  
HOWARD C. MOFENSON ◽  
THOMAS R. CARACCIO
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Poison Control Centers ◽  
Recent Letter ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Gastrointestinal Decontamination

Previous well-established guidelines for the management of poisonous ingestions in children are undergoing significant change. The time-honored practice of syrup of ipecac-induced vomiting as the primary means of gastrointestinal decontamination now frequently yields to the administration of activated charcoal. Practitioners and emergency room physicians who are increasingly relying on advice from and participation in treatment by regional poison control centers need to understand the rationale behind what many consider contradictions to accepted teaching. A case in point was a recent letter to the American Academy of Pediatrics from a pediatrician questioning the treatment of an ingestion of poison in a toddler.

scholarly journals The bowel and beyond: extracolonic findings from CT colonography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Lambe ◽  
Peter Hughes ◽  
Louise Rice ◽  
Caoimhe McDonnell ◽  
Mark Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Colonography ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Extracolonic Findings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Gender

AbstractCT colonography has emerged as the investigation of choice for suspected colorectal cancer in patients when a colonoscopy in incomplete, is deemed high risk or is declined because of patient preference. Unlike a traditional colonoscopy, it frequently reveals extracolonic as well as colonic findings. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics and potential significance of extracolonic findings on CT colonography within our own institution. A retrospective review was performed of 502 patients who underwent CT colonography in our institution between January 1, 2010 and January 4, 2015. Of 502 patients, 60.63% had at least one extracolonic finding. This was close to other similar-sized studies (Kumar et al. Radiology 236(2):519–526, 2005). However, our rate of E4 findings was significantly higher than that reported in larger studies at 5.3%(Pooler et al. AJR 206:313–318, 2016). The difference may be explained by our combination of symptomatic/screening patients or by the age and gender distribution of our population. Our study lends support to the hypothesis that CT colonography may be particularly useful in identifying clinically significant extracolonic findings in symptomatic patients. CT colonography may allow early identification of extracolonic malignancies and life-threatening conditions such as an abdominal aortic aneurysm at a preclinical stage when they are amenable to medical or surgical intervention. However, extracolonic findings may also result in unnecessary investigations for subsequently benign findings.

4971Blood viscosity and its relevance to the diagnosis and management of pulmonary hypertension: a new elephant in the cathlab

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kempny ◽  
K Dimopoulos ◽  
A E Fraisse ◽  
G P Diller ◽  
L C Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is an essential parameter assessed during cardiac catheterization. It is used to confirm pulmonary vascular disease, to assess response to targeted pulmonary hypertension (PH) therapy and to determine the possibility of surgery, such as closure of intra-cardiac shunt or transplantation. While PVR is believed to mainly reflect the properties of the pulmonary vasculature, it is also related to blood viscosity (BV). Objectives We aimed to assess the relationship between measured (mPVR) and viscosity-corrected PVR (cPVR) and its impact on clinical decision-making. Methods We assessed consecutive PH patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. BV was assessed using the Hutton method. Results We included 465 patients (56.6% female, median age 63y). The difference between mPVR and cPVR was highest in patients with abnormal Hb levels (anemic patients: 5.6 [3.4–8.0] vs 7.8Wood Units (WU) [5.1–11.9], P<0.001; patients with raised Hb: 10.8 [6.9–15.4] vs. 7.6WU [4.6–10.8], P<0.001, respectively). Overall, 33.3% patients had a clinically significant (>2.0WU) difference between mPVR and cPVR, and this was more pronounced in those with anemia (52.9%) or raised Hb (77.6%). In patients in the upper quartile for this difference, mPVR and cPVR differed by 4.0WU [3.4–5.2]. Adjustment of PVR required Conclusions We report, herewith, a clinically significant difference between mPVR and cPVR in a third of contemporary patients assessed for PH. This difference is most pronounced in patients with anemia, in whom mPVR significantly underestimates PVR, whereas in most patients with raised Hb, mPVR overestimates it. Our data suggest that routine adjustment for BV is necessary.

scholarly journals The Bird Assemblage of the Darwin Region (Australia): What Is the Effect of Twenty Years of Increasing Urbanisation?

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Fischer ◽  
Andrew C. Edwards ◽  
Patrice Weber ◽  
Stephen T. Garnett ◽  
Timothy G. Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Australian Birds ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Community Data ◽  
Bird Assemblage ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Difference

There has been considerable urban development in the Darwin region over the last twenty years; as for most fauna in Australia since colonisation, the potential effects to the bird assemblage were expected to be disastrous. To provide a broad overview of changes, bird survey data from 1998 and 2018 were extracted from BirdLife Australia’s ‘Atlas of Australian Birds’ database. A total of 165 species were categorised into primary food source feeding guilds and levels of food specialisation. This was integrated into ArcGIS along with land use change mapping from 1998 and 2018 to investigate its impact on bird assemblages. There was no significant change in overall species numbers when all sites were analysed. However, when sites were separated into those with increased urbanisation or decreased greenspace, several sites showed a significant change in the number of species. For the majority of species, analysis of primary food types found no difference in the proportion of species within the assemblages between 1998 and 2018, regardless of the level of urbanisation or greenspace; the exception being those species that primarily feed on insects, where the difference was just significant. An analysis using bird community data sorted into levels of food specialisation also found no difference between 1998 and 2018 despite habitat changes. These findings suggest that although there has been considerable urban development in the Darwin region, bird communities are remaining relatively stable.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Creativity, and the Effects of Methylphenidate

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-819
Author(s):  
Jeanne B. Funk ◽  
John B. Chessare ◽  
Michael T. Weaver ◽  
Anita R. Exley
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

Given that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more impulsive than peers, this study explored whether they are correspondingly more creative, and whether creativity declines when impulsivity is decreased through methylphenidate (Ritalin) therapy. A repeated-measures quasi-experimental design was used to compare the performance of 19 boys with previously diagnosed ADHD and 21 comparison boys aged 8 through 11 on two administrations of alternate forms of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking-Figural (nonverbal). Boys with ADHD received prescribed methylphenidate only for the first session. Overall, mean Torrance summary scores for comparison boys (mean = 115.1, SD = 16.1) were higher than for boys with ADHD (mean = 107.6, SD = 12.7). However, the difference between means was small (7%) and did not meet the 25% criterion for a clinically significant difference. No changes in performance over time (comparison group) or medication state (ADHD group) were observed. These data suggest that, when measured nonverbally, the creative thinking performance of boys with ADHD is not superior to that of peers who do not have ADHD. Regarding the effects of methylphenidate, prescribed therapy did not influence performance on this measure of creative thinking.

Assessing Reliable and Clinically Significant Change on Health of the Nation Outcome Scales: Method for Displaying Longitudinal Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Parabiaghi ◽  
Angelo Barbato ◽  
Barbara D'avanzo ◽  
Arcadio Erlicher ◽  
Antonio Lora
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Community Mental Health Services ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Clinically Significant Change ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Routine Data Collection

Objective: Many authors recommended that reliable and clinically significant change (RCSC) should be calculated when reporting results of interventions. To test the reliability of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) in identifying RCSC, we applied the Jacobson and Truax model to two HoNOS assessments in a large group of people evaluated in 10 community mental health services in Lombardy, Italy, in 2000. Method: The HoNOS was administered to 9817 patients; of these, 4759 (48%) were re-assessed. Reliable change (RC) was calculated using Cronbach's alpha ( α), as a parameter of the reliability of the measure. Clinical significance cut-offs were calculated using a classification of severity based on HoNOS items. Results: In the whole sample, the clinical improvement cut-off was 11 and the remission cut-off was 5. Considering the severe patients, the clinical improvement cut-off was 12. The RC index calculated on the whole group and on the subgroup of severe patients indicated that eight-point and seven-point changes, respectively, were needed to be confident that a real change had occurred. Longitudinal changes were depicted on two-dimensional graphs as examples of reporting RCSC on HoNOS total scores in a routine data collection: 91.6% of the whole sample (4361) was stable, 5.6% (269) improved and 1.8% (129) worsened. Conclusion: Our study proposes a methodological framework for computing RCSC normative data on a widely used outcome scale and for identifying different degrees of clinical change.

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