The Visibility of an Invisible Community’s Labour Exploitation in an Ethnic Economy: A Comparative Study on Kurdish Movers in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Mehmet Rauf Kesici
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Ethnic Economy ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Exploitation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Turkish Cypriot

Kurdish movers from Turkey are usually considered as Turkish by researchers. Therefore, very little is known about the experiences of Kurdish movers in the labour market in the United Kingdom. Drawing on field research I conducted in 2014 and 2015 about the ethnic economy and labour market conditions of Kurdish, Turkish, and Turkish-Cypriot movers in London, this study contributes to the literature on migration through analyses of the labour exploitation of Kurds who moved to the UK from Turkey. It demonstrates that the reasons underlying the difference between Kurds and Turks and Turkish-Cypriots in terms of status and working conditions are complex. First of all, Kurdish movers in the UK are relative newcomers, have a limited grasp of English and share a strong sense of solidarity, and also a significant percentage of those Kurds left Turkey in order to escape discrimination and political violence, which makes the possibility of return “impossible”.

scholarly journals Transnational Döner Kebab taking over the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Financial Transfers ◽  
Social Remittances ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Migrant Remittances ◽  
The Uk

People move, finances move, so does the cultures, artefacts, goods and food. Remittances literature expanded significantly in the last two decades to cover more of what we refer to as social remittances. Social remittances refer to often intangible elements, cultural artefacts, habits, opinions, attitudes, beliefs, values transferred by migrants from destination countries to their home countries. Through studies on migrant remittances, we know that even in terms of financial transfers, remittances operate in corridors and in a two-way fashion. One third of remittances are sent to countries which are called “advanced economies”. United Kingdom, Germany, France are among the top remittance receiving countries as well as leading the table of sending countries. In this paper, I explore the ways in which social remittances change the foodscapes of destination countries with particular reference to Döner Kebab in the United Kingdom. Until two decades ago, Döner Kebab was a rare meal you would enjoy when holidaying in Turkey or if you happen to be in that cosy corner of North London. Nevertheless, in 2010s Britain, it became a popular fast food, particularly when it comes to what to eat after a night out. One may find an outlet selling Döner Kebab literally in every city, every town, every neighbourhood, every village in Britain. Multiple forces were in play in the making of Döner Kebab a British national food: 1) practicality of the food itself, 2) growing number of immigrants from Turkey arriving in Britain, 3) labour market disadvantages immigrants face, 4) asylum dispersal policies of the 1990s and 2000s, 5) declining incentives making small shops not viable economically, and 6) increasing number of British tourists visiting Turkey. In this article, a number of hypotheses are proposed for a conceptual model explaining the ways in which foreign food becomes part of the national food/cultural heritage in destination.

scholarly journals EXCEPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS ON PROPERTY COPYRIGHT ACCORDING TO THE LAWS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM AND UKRAINE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Trotska
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Copyright Infringement ◽  
Fair Dealing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Exceptions And Limitations ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Almost All

The author in the article explores the provisions of «The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act», concerning exceptions to copyright (Copyright Exceptions). The article describes the provisions of the Chapter III of the UK law «Acts Permitted in relation to Copyright Works».It is established that Copyright Exceptions allow the use of works by any person that will not be considered as copyright infringement in compliance with the conditions specified by law. This formulation differs from the norms of national legislation.Articles 21−25 of the Law of Ukraine define the norms on free use of works. In general, works may be used without the permission of the copyright subject and without payment of remuneration for compliance with the conditions specified in these articles of the Law.Unlike national law, UK law provides exceptions where the use of work will not be considered as copyright infringement. This approach is considered the basis of the doctrine of «fair dealing». The doctrine defined by UK law is used to establish in practice in each case legality of actions of the person. A comparison is made between «the free use» and «fair dealing». The difference between these concepts are established. Despite these differences, the doctrines of «fair dealing» and «free use » do not contradict each other. They are similar in terms of defining exceptions to copyright, when the property rights of copyright holders are limited, sothe use of works by any person will not be considered as infringement of this right.The article analyzes main exceptions, provided by the UK Act:1. Exceptions in the interests of persons with visual disabilities.2. Exceptions for educational establishments.3. Exceptions for libraries, archives.4. Exceptions for the purpose of parliamentary and judicial proceedings.5. Exceptions to copyright in computer programs, databases.6. Other exceptions.The author describes in detail Copyright Exceptions that are new to national legislation.Based on the analysis, the author draws conclusions. Unlike the Law of Ukraine, the list of copyright exceptions in the UK Law is expanded.The law of this country takes into account almost all exceptions and limitations to copyright provided by European law. The conditions under which the use of a work by a person will not be considered as copyright infringement are quite detailed.Unlike the law of the United Kingdom, the Law of Ukraine does not currently have such restrictions on property copyrights as «Making of temporary copies», «freedom of panorama», «reproduction of works for the purpose of parliamentary proceedings», «reproduction of works for demonstration or repair of equipment». The current provisions of the Law of Ukraine about the free use of works need to be supplemented. Regulations about the free reproduction of works for study, reproduction of works by libraries, archives need to be clarified. The author in the article analyses the other issue of application of copyright exceptions and provides proposals for amendments to national copyright law.

The UK Labour Market and Immigration

2010 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. R35-R42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wadsworth
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

Rising immigration has undoubtedly been one of the most significant demographic developments experienced by the United Kingdom over the past fifteen years. This article reviews the evidence on the effects of immigration on the UK labour market. On average, it seems that immigration has not had much of an effect on either employment or pay. However, there may be some evidence of downward pressures on pay and jobs impact in the low skill sector, though these effects are not large.

Nostalgiczne powroty Polaków i Litwinów w kontekście brexitu i pandemii

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-198
Author(s):  
Olga Czeranowska ◽  
Iga Wermińska-Wiśnicka
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Return Migrants ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Initial Results

This research note presents the initial results of the quantitative survey, based on the sample of Lithuanian and Polish return migrants coming back from the United Kingdom. The survey was active for three months between May and August 2020 and was part of the project: CEEYouth: The comparative study young of Poles and Lithuanians in the context of Brexit. CAWI questionnaire was used, and recruitment took place mainly on Facebook through return migrants’ groups and personalized ads shown to users who had lived in the UK. The sample consisted of 740 respondents, including 215 respondents in the Lithuanian subsample and 525 in the Polish subsample. The questionnaire covered questions related to migrants’ lives in the UK, the process of return to the country of origin, and reintegration at various dimensions: labour market, family, living conditions, public services.

scholarly journals Modern Slavery, Unfree Labour and the Labour Market

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Exploitation ◽  
Modern Slavery

Treating the United Kingdom’s Modern Slavery Act as its focus, this article examines what the legal characterization of labour unfreedom reveals about the underlying conception of the labour market that informs contemporary approaches to labour law in the United Kingdom. It discusses how unfree labour is conceptualized within two key literatures – Marxist-inspired political economy and liberal approaches to modern slavery – and their underlying assumptions of the labour market and how it operates. As an alternative to these depictions of the labour market, it proposes a legal institutionalist or constitutive account. It develops an approach to legal characterization and jurisdiction that is attentive to modes of governing and the role of political and legal differentiation both in producing labour exploitation and unfree labour and in developing strategies for its elimination. It argues that the problem with the modern slavery approach to unfree labour is that it tends to displace labour law as the principal remedy to the problem of labour abuse and exploitation, while simultaneously reinforcing the idea that flexible labour markets of the type that prevails in the United Kingdom are realms of labour freedom.

The Rise of English Youth Churches: What the Global Church Can Learn From This Latest British Invention

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Mark A. Lamport
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Global Church ◽  
The Uk

The United Kingdom, where only ten percent of youth attend church weekly, has recently witnessed an upstart missional strategy. called "Youth Churches." It is as the name implies-churches composed entirely of youth and marketed to attract this alienated group through popular music and worship. The author attended an international conference at Oxford University at which lectures were presented on this growing phenomenon. It provoked such an interest that he subsequently traveled to England and spent some time doing field research, including interviews with leaders of several denominations. This paper presents what the author discovered. It is written as primarily a journalistic, theological reflection piece based upon observations and face-to-face interviews with protagonists and thoughtful commentators connected with youth church movements in the UK.1 It does not claim to be a fully formed theoretical treatment of the topic!2

Lifecourse determinants and incomes in retirement: Belgium and the United Kingdom compared

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINE DEWILDE
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Finding ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the impact of lifecourse family and labour market experiences on household incomes of older people in Belgium and the United Kingdom (UK) is analysed. To this end, panel data and life-history information from the Panel Study of Belgian Households and the British Household Panel Survey are combined. The results show that old-age income is indeed influenced by previous lifecourse experiences, and that differences between Belgium and the UK can be explained in terms of (the development over time of) welfare regime arrangements. Family experiences have a larger impact on old-age incomes in ‘male-breadwinner’ Belgium, while in Britain labour market events are more important. As social transfers in Britain are more aimed at poverty prevention and less at income replacement, a ‘scarring effect’ of unemployment persists even into old age. Also, the more of one's career is spent in blue-collar work or self-employment/farming, the lower the income in old age. A new finding is that, notwithstanding the high level of ‘de-commodification’ achieved by the Belgian welfare state, this effect turns out to be significantly stronger in Belgium than in the UK. Compared to the market, the welfare state is hence a more efficient ‘mechanism’ of stratification for incomes in old age.

scholarly journals Leave or remain? The post-Brexit (im)mobility intentions of Bulgarians in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
pp. 096977642097760
Author(s):  
Eugenia Markova ◽  
Russell King
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

In the light of impending Brexit, what factors shape European Union migrants’ plans to remain in or leave the UK? Based on an online survey of 360 Bulgarians, an under-researched migrant group in the UK, this study finds that the ones who plan to remain have lived longer in the UK, are skilled professionals and are well integrated into the labour market. Contrastingly, respondents who feel that they will be discriminated against in the labour market or in setting up a business are more likely to intend to leave post-Brexit.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

Risk Transferin Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative Procurement Documents:The Differencebetween The United Kingdom and Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Nooriha Abdullah ◽  
Darinka Asenova ◽  
Stephen J. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Private Finance Initiative ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Risk Transfer ◽  
Private Finance ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this paper is to analyse the risk transfer issue in Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative (PPP/PFI) procurement documents in the United Kingdom (UK) and Malaysia. It utilises qualitative research methods using documentation and interviews for data collection. The UK documents (guidelines and contracts) identify the risks related to this form of public procurement of services and makeexplicittheappropriateallocation of those risks between the public and the private sector PPP/PFI partners and so the types of risks each party should bear. However, in Malaysia, such allocation of risks was not mentioned in PPP/PFI guidelines. Hence, a question arises regarding whether risk transfer exists in Malaysian PPP/PFI projects, whether in contracts or by other means. This research question is the rationale for the comparative analysis ofdocumentsand practicesrelatingtorisk transfer in the PPP/PFI procurements in both countries. The results clarify risk-related issues that arise in implementing PPP/PFI procurement in Malaysia, in particular how risk is conceptualised, recognised and allocated (whether explicitly or implicitly), whether or not that allocation is intended to achieve optimum risk transfer, and so the implications forachievement ofvalue for moneyor other such objectivesinPPP/PFI.

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