scholarly journals Višeslojni tumul u Novom Selu kod Bijeljine

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-74
Author(s):  
Mario Gavranović ◽  
Lukas Waltenberger ◽  
Jelena Bulatović ◽  
Irene Petschko ◽  
Cornelius Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Cultural Affiliation ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The City ◽  
Burial Grounds

The first step of the investigations in Novo Selo near Bijeljina (Republic of Srpska), in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina known as Semberija, took place between 2016 and 2019 in the frame of the project “Visualizing the Unknown Balkans,” initiated by the Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology (now Austrian Archaeological Institute) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the Museum of Semberija in Bijeljina. The slightly elevated mounds in Novo Selo and Muharine at the eastern outskirts of the city of Bijeljina remained unregistered in archaeological literature despite their exposed position. Following the results of magnetic prospecting in 2016 that indicated the existence of ditches and a variety of structures, the first excavation was carried out in late 2018 at the mound in Novo Selo. At that point, neither a chronology nor an interpretation of the large earth mounds could be put forward, since there were no comparable investigated structures in the surroundings or surface finds suggesting an approximate age. The excavations in Novo Selo revealed highly remarkable structures and the use of the place as burial grounds in the Late Copper Age (3200–2600 BC), the earliest stage of the Middle Bronze Age (1750–1650 BC), and finally in the late Middle Ages (1000–1300 AD). In terms of cultural affiliation, the Copper Age finds (pottery) and urn cremation burials correspond with the repertoire of the late Baden complex and the Kostolac culture, while the Middle Bronze Age inhumation burial shows similarities with the graves in the lower Drina valley. The discoveries made in Novo Selo exemplify the complexity of burial mounds and their importance for prehistoric communities, especially in an open landscape like Semberija, with multifarious influences from the Balkans, the Carpathian Basin, and the Danube area

scholarly journals Bronze age settlement and necropolis of Trnjane, near Bor - revision and new research results

Starinar ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 51-84
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kapuran ◽  
Mario Gavranovic ◽  
Mathias Mehofer
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Settlement Area ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
New Research ◽  
Cultural Connections ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In archaeological literature, the site of Trnjane, near Bor in eastern Serbia is known as an urn necropolis, with 43 discovered urn graves. The excavations in Trnjane took place between 1985 and 1987-1989, and continued in 1998. The investigations also included an excavation of a nearby settlement, but the results of this research were never published. In most of the previous studies, Trnjane was assigned to the Middle and Late Bronze Age, while the necropolis was often connected with the spread of the Urnfield Phenomena from Central Europe toward the Balkans. New investigations started in 2017 as cooperation between the Archaeological Institute in Belgrade and the Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology (OREA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences shed new light on the chronology and cultural assignment of Trnjane and other similar surrounding sites in the region of eastern Serbia. The excavation of the settlement area in 2017 and 2018 yielded numerous finds indicating metallurgical activities connected with copper ore smelting (slag and ores), while pottery finds showed a typological resemblance with an Early and Middle Bronze Age repertoire. The radiocarbon dates from the settlement area and from urn graves of the neighbouring necropolis also point to a much earlier time than previously assumed. The new chronological determination of Trnjane raises a set of new questions, especially regarding the cultural connections between central Europe and the Balkans and transfers of copper ore smelting technology in the Bronze Age.

Die geschriebene Stadt

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Teresa Schröder-Stapper
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The City

The Written City. Inscriptions as Media of Urban Knowledge of Space and Time The article investigates the function of urban inscriptions as media of knowledge about space and time at the transition from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period in the city of Braunschweig. The article starts with the insight that inscriptions in stone or wood on buildings or monuments not only convey knowledge about space and time but at the same time play an essential role in the construction of space and time in the city by the practice of inscribing. The analysis focuses on the steadily deteriorating relationship between the city of Braunschweig and its city lord, the Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, and its material manifestation in building and monument inscriptions. The contribution shows that in the course of the escalating conflict over autonomy, a change in epigraphic habit took placed that aimed at claiming both urban space and its history exclusively on behalf of the city as an expression of its autonomy.

The Virtues of Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Distinct Role

The humanist perception of fourteenth-century Rome as a slumbering ruin awaiting the Renaissance and the return of papal power has cast a long shadow on the historiography of the city. Challenging the view, this book argues that Roman political culture underwent dramatic changes in the late Middle Ages, with profound and lasting implications for the city's subsequent development. The book examines the transformation of Rome's governing elites as a result of changes in the city's economic, political, and spiritual landscape. It explores this shift through the history of Roman political society, its identity as an urban commune, and its once-and-future role as the spiritual capital of Latin Christendom. Tracing the contours of everyday Roman politics, the book reframes the reestablishment of papal sovereignty in Rome as the product of synergy between papal ambitions and local political culture. More broadly, it emphasizes Rome's distinct role in evolution of medieval Italy's city-communes.

Origin, evolution and paleoepidemiology of brucellosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D'ANASTASIO ◽  
T. STANISCIA ◽  
M. L. MILIA ◽  
L. MANZOLI ◽  
L. CAPASSO
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Australopithecus Africanus ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
University Museum ◽  
The University ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Important Disease

SUMMARYBrucellosis is a worldwide disease. Although it has been eradicated in some countries, it continues to be an important disease in many farming areas. Previous works have described the evolution and diffusion of brucellosis in antiquity through direct analysis of ancient human remains collected by the University Museum of Chieti, Italy, and by using paleopathological and historical data. The earliest published case was reported in a skeletal individual dated to the Middle Bronze Age. However, our research group has diagnosed vertebral brucellosis in the partial skeleton of the late Pliocene Australopithecus africanus, demonstrating that this infectious disease occasionally affected our direct ancestors 2·3–2·5 million years ago. The frequency of brucellosis increased during the Roman period, when the disease would almost certainly have been endemic in Roman society, and during the Middle Ages. Most paleopathological cases involve adult male skeletal individuals, and lumbar vertebrae and sacroiliac joints are most commonly involved.

scholarly journals 14C Chronology of Burial Grounds of the Andronovo Period (Middle Bronze Age) in Baraba Forest Steppe, Western Siberia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
V I Molodin ◽  
Z V Marchenko ◽  
Y V Kuzmin ◽  
A E Grishin ◽  
M van Strydonck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Cultural Complex ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Grounds

This paper focuses on the chronology of Middle Bronze Age complexes in the Baraba forest steppe (western Siberia). Three sites were radiocarbon dated, Stary Tartas 4, Sopka 2, and Tartas 1. The Late Krotovo culture was dated to the 18–19th centuries BC, the Andronovo complex (Fedorovo stage) to the 15–18th centuries BC, and the Mixed Andronovo complex dated to the 15–17th centuries BC. These values are some 300–500 yr older than previously thought, and the new results are consistent with14C dates of the Andronovo cultural complex in northern Eurasia. Based on these data, the 15th century BC is the upper chronological limit of the Andronovo period.

scholarly journals TRACES OF THE ANCIENT PATHS IN THE STEPPE TAVRIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-214
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Boltryk ◽  
O. V. Karyaka
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Eurasian Steppe ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Feather Grass ◽  
Different Color ◽  
The 19Th Century

The original appearance of the steppe surface of the southern part of the eastern European plane was transformed by the centuries of the anthropogenic impact. Along with feather grass the traces of the ancient roads have disappeared. However, the satellite images still detect the areas around some kurhans having kept the waggons traces. We can recognize them due to the different color of vegetation as well as by the coloration of the open soil. The antiquity of the roads near kurhans is witnessed by the cases of tracks, covered by the burial mounds, that were erected in the Bronze Age. An additional indicator of the ancient transport network on the maps of the 19th century are wells or groups of pits in the open steppe, the number of which should be associated with the need to water a large number of cattle. The latter occurred during the arrival of a trade caravan or a train of wagons. The kurhans themselves are an ancient form of mass cult buildings in the Eurasian steppe, which have attracted both large main and secondary roads. Powerful tradition of building kurhans, fading and restoring through times, existed from the Eneolithic to the late Middle Ages. The appearance of new mounds or the completion of existing ones periodically renewed the system of landmarks in the monotonous steppe. The paper provides an overview of previously unknown megastructures near the Scythian giant kurhans of Oguz and Chortomlyk, which in the form of light parallel stripes are recorded on satellite images. These stripes are probably traces of trenches or the foot of stone alleys, that were found to the east of the edge of the Oguz and outreached 800—850 m, and from Chortomlyk — 670 m. A search on various satellite images of the similar light stripes near other kurhans did not yield positive results. However, in the central part of the Dnieper-Molocha steppe region, satellite images luckily detected 19 nodes (intersections) of ancient ways connected to the kurhans’ mounds. Some of these nodes do yet not fit the complete road network of the region. But six of these nodes appear to be in the area of the route of the ancient path, known in the Middle Ages as Muravsky (Murava Route). It leaded from the Don basin, through the left (eastern) part of the basin of the Dnipro River to Crimea through the Isthmus of Perekop. Interestingly, this branch of the Muravsky Trail crosses the Sirogozy ravine between the kurhans of Kozel and Oguz. In previous reconstructions of the transport network, the option of passing this branch in the south of the Oguz, between the giant embankment and Diyiv kurhan, was preferred. The other three intersections lie in the lane of the old Chumaks’ Way or the Crimean Way, marking a forty-kilometer section between kurhans Kozel and Velyka Tsymbalka. From the center of the Tavria Steppe at least four directions of paths emerge towards the ancient Dnipro fords-crossings: Rogachytsia, Lepetych, Cair (Nosakiv) and Kіzikermen (Tavan).

scholarly journals Emberi ábrázolás a Változások korában, 4000 és 2000 BC között

2014 ◽  
pp. 113-144
Author(s):  
Tünde Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Cultural Impacts ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Cultures ◽  
The Bronze Age

Our survey should by necessity begin earlier, from the close of the Middle Age Copper Age, and should extend to much later, at least until the onset of the Middle Bronze Age, in order to identify and analyse the appearance and spread of the cultural impacts affecting the Baden complex, their in-teraction with neighbouring cultures and, finally, their decline or transformation. Discussed here will be the archaeological cultures flourishing between 4200/4000 and 2200/2000 BC, from the late phase of the Middle Copper Age to its end (3600 BC), the Late Copper Age (ending in 2800 BC), the transi-tion between the Copper Age and the Bronze Age (ending in 2600 BC), and the Early Bronze Age 1–3 (ending in 2000 BC), which I have termed the Age of Transformation.

The Archaeological Collection of the Yalta Historical-Literary Museum

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-123
Author(s):  
Nataliya G. Novichenkova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ww Ii ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Burial Grounds ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Glass Metal

AbstractFounded in 1892 and now containing ca. 11,000 pieces, the Yalta museum draws on pre-Revolutionary private collections, especially of Classical objects obtained locally and abroad, as well as on objects associated with the Mountain and Southern regions of the Crimea, acquired more systematically as a result of archaeological excavations and chance finds in the region. The most important pre-Revolutionary collection, that of Grand Prince Alexander Mikhajlovich, still contains-despite the destruction of WW II-more than 50 amphoras and 500 other ceramic pieces, especially of Archaic Corinthian and Samian ware. The museum houses many finds from pre-War excavations, e.g. from the Balim-Kosh site (ca. 20,000 Neolithic artefacts) and from the Roman legionary fortress at Charax. The creation after WW II of an Archaeological Department of the Museum has led to a 5-fold increase in the size of its collection. This now includes finds from late classical and early medieval burial grounds (Aj-Todor, Alushta, Druzhnoe, Verkhynaya Oreandal, the Gothic necropolis near Goluboj Zaliv, and the Mesolithic complex of Cape of Trinity I. The most important addition has been of more than 5000 objects from the sanctuary excavated in the past decade at the pass of Gurzufskoe Sedlo, which was in use from the Stone Age to the late Middle Ages. Its heyday was 1st cent. B.C.-1st cent. A.D. and from this period date the overwhelming majority of finds of bronze and silver statuettes, glass, metal instruments, ceramics, arms and coins. Such material provides a rare insight into all of the main phases of Crimean history and coins and other objects from the site have formed the subject of a recent exhibition in the museum.

scholarly journals Los caminos de la repoblación segoviana en la Transierra entre los siglos XIII y XV. El privilegio de las alberguerías de 1273 = The Roads to Repopulation in the Transierra of Segovia between the Thirteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, as of the 1273 Privilege of The Inns

2019 ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Jesús Rodríguez Morales ◽  
David González Agudo
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Southern Plains ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The City

Los resultados de este estudio revelan la importancia de las ventas o alberguerías en la Repoblación segoviana al sur de la sierra de Guadarrama durante los siglos XIII-XV. La documentación archivística, que nos ha permitido identificar más de un 70 por ciento de estos establecimientos camineros, describe el trazado de varias vías antiguas de comunicación entre Segovia y sus extremos del Reino de Toledo. Las alberguerías segovianas se convertirían en un objetivo prioritario de la depredación señorial tardomedieval. Muchas ventas se vieron envueltas en disputas jurisdiccionales y fueron el origen de poblaciones modernas.AbstractThis study highlights the relevance of medieval inns (ventas or alberguerías) in the repopulation of Segovia’s southern plains beyond the Guadarrama mountain range, between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries. Archival records have allowed us to identify 75 percent of these road hostels and describe several ancient routes between the city of Segovia and its southernmost limits in the kingdom of Toledo. Segovian inns would become a priority target for seigneurial abuse in the late Middle Ages. Most of these establishments were involved in jurisdictional disputes and were the origin of modern villages and towns.

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