Genetic reconstruction of the invasion history of Anolis wattsi in Trinidad with a comment on the importance of ecological similarity to invasion success

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Anolis Lizard ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Species

Human activities have reshaped patterns of island biogeography for many groups of amphibians and reptiles. In Trinidad, an island in the West Indies with only one native Anolis lizard species, four additional anole species have been introduced since the 1800s. The most recent introduction, Anolis wattsi, native to Antigua, has become established despite the presence of multiple species of resident anoles. We used genetic data (mitochondrial DNA) to infer the geographic origin and genetic structure of introduced A. wattsi on Trinidad. We then gathered published data to compare eco-morphological traits of all anole species currently established on the island. We found three mtDNA haplotypes in Trinidad that clustered with two different clades from the northern part of the native range in Antigua, rejecting the hypothesis that the lizards originated in the pineapple-growing region of the south. However, a lack of fine-scale population structure precluded precise identification of the origin in Antigua of haplotypes introduced to Trinidad. Compared to the other anole species on Trinidad, A. wattsi is smaller, perches lower, and has a higher field body temperature. Thus, the successful establishment and spread of A. wattsi should not be surprising given the success of two previous introductions of anole species that were more similar ecomorphologically to the native species and each other, and the fact that Trinidad has relatively few anole species for its size.

scholarly journals Non-native species spread in a complex network: the interaction of global transport and local population dynamics determines invasion success

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1901) ◽  
pp. 20190036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Seebens ◽  
Elizabeta Briski ◽  
Sara Ghabooli ◽  
Tamara Shiganova ◽  
Hugh J. MacIsaac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Global Transport ◽  
History Of

The number of released individuals, which is a component of propagule pressure, is considered to be a major driver for the establishment success of non-native species. However, propagule pressure is often assumed to result from single or few release events, which does not necessarily apply to the frequent releases of invertebrates or other taxa through global transport. For instance, the high intensity of global shipping may result in frequent releases of large numbers of individuals, and the complexity of shipping dynamics impedes predictions of invasion dynamics. Here, we present a mathematical model for the spread of planktonic organisms by global shipping, using the history of movements by 33 566 ships among 1477 ports to simulate population dynamics for the comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi as a case study. The degree of propagule pressure at one site resulted from the coincident arrival of individuals from other sites with native or non-native populations. Key to sequential spread in European waters was a readily available source of propagules and a suitable recipient environment. These propagules were derived from previously introduced ‘bridgehead’ populations supplemented with those from native sources. Invasion success is therefore determined by the complex interaction of global shipping and local population dynamics. The general findings probably hold true for the spread of species in other complex systems, such as insects or plant seeds exchanged via commercial trade or transport.

scholarly journals Northward range expansion of the European green crab Carcinus maenas in the SW Atlantic: a synthesis after ~20 years of invasion history

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano E. Malvé ◽  
Marcelo M. Rivadeneira ◽  
Sandra Gordillo
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Green Crab ◽  
Sw Atlantic ◽  
Northward Expansion

AbstractThis study aims at synthesizing the recent invasion history of Carcinus maenas in the SW Atlantic (~20 years), particularly the northward expansion, based on available published papers, technical reports, and new field surveys. Our analyses extend the known distribution range northwards ca. 330 km. totaling ~1000 km along the Argentinean coast since its last detection in Nuevo Gulf in 2015. The expansion rate appeared to slow down during the last 15 years (from 115km/yr. to 30 km/yr.) as the species continues moving northwards into the transition zone between the Magellan and Argentinean biogeographic provinces (41°–43°S). In addition, a species distribution model (SDM) is provided at a much finer spatial resolution than previous studies, which accurately foresees suitable areas of invasion in the southern San Jorge Gulf, and predicts a hotspot of invasibility around 40°–33°S° if the invasion continues northward. Potential impacts of C. maenas on native species, particularly economically important oyster beds are discussed.

History of diatom studies in sphagnum bogs of Russia and some adjacent countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 36-54
Author(s):  
M. S. Kulikovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Published Data ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
History Of

Main trends of diatom studies in Sphagnum bogs of Russia and adjacent countries are shown. On the basis of published data, making use of modern taxonomical changes, the taxonomical list of diatoms from the considered Sphagnum bogs is presented.

Update on the Boundaries of the Curly Birch Range

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
L.V. Vetchinnikova ◽  
◽  
A.F. Titov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Karelian Birch

The article reports on the application of the best known principles for mapping natural populations of curly (Karelian) birch Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti – one of the most appealing representatives of the forest tree flora. Relying on the synthesis and analysis of the published data amassed over nearly 100 years and the data from own full-scale studies done in the past few decades almost throughout the area where curly birch has grown naturally, it is concluded that its range outlined in the middle of the 20th century and since then hardly revised is outdated. The key factors and reasons necessitating its revision are specified. Herewith it is suggested that the range is delineated using the population approach, and the key element will be the critical population size below which the population is no longer viable in the long term. This approach implies that the boundaries of the taxon range depend on the boundaries of local populations (rather than the locations of individual trees or small clumps of trees), the size of which should not be lower than the critical value, which is supposed to be around 100–500 trees for curly birch. A schematic map of the curly birch range delineated using this approach is provided. We specially address the problem of determining the minimum population size to secure genetic diversity maintenance. The advantages of the population approach to delineating the distribution range of curly birch with regard to its biological features are highlighted. The authors argue that it enables a more accurate delineation of the range; shows the natural evolutionary history of the taxon (although it is not yet officially recognized as a species) and its range; can be relatively easily updated (e.g. depending on the scope of reintroduction); should be taken into account when working on the strategy of conservation and other actions designed to maintain and regenerate this unique representative of the forest tree flora.

scholarly journals On the Short Time Scale Evolutionary History of the Contact Binary VW Cephei

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-396
Author(s):  
I. Pustylnik
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Flare Activity ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contact Binary ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Short Time

We study the short-time evolutionary history of the well-known contact binary VW Cep. Our analysis is based partly on the numerous UBV lightcurves obtained at Tartu Observatory, IUE spectra, and samples from the published data. Special attention is given to the effects of asymmetry of the light curves. A higher degree of asymmetry outside the eclipses along with the significant displacements of the brightness maxima in respect to the elongation phase is interpreted as evidence that a considerable portion of the flaring source is concentrated close to the neck connecting the components. We discuss the nature of asymmetry in terms of possible mass exchange and the flare activity and compare the results of our model computations with the record of orbital period variations over the last 60 years.

scholarly journals Biogeography of Italy revisited: genetic lineages confirm major phylogeographic patterns and a pre-Pleistocene origin of its biota

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schmitt ◽  
Uwe Fritz ◽  
Massimo Delfino ◽  
Werner Ulrich ◽  
Jan Christian Habel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Po Plain ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Biogeographic Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Micro Plates

AbstractWarm-adapted species survived the cold stages of the past glacial-interglacial cycles in southern European peninsulas and recolonized major parts of Central and Northern Europe in the wake of postglacial warming. However, many of the genetic lineages which differentiated within these refugia predate even the Pleistocene. One of these refugia is the Italian Peninsula with its surrounding islands. In this meta-analysis, we compiled phylogeographic patterns of multiple species across this region. We transformed existing geographic information on 78 animal and plant species (with a total of 471 genetic lineages) within 17 predefined areas into presence/absence matrices. We elaborated three matrices: (i) only old lineages exclusively distinguished by deep splits, (ii) only young lineages distinguished by shallow (i.e. recent) splits, and (iii) presence/absence of the respective species. To infer biogeographic relationships between the predefined areas, we performed bootstrapped neighbour joining cluster analyses on these three matrices. In addition, we reviewed the geological history of Italy to identify causes of the observed biogeographic patterns. We found Sardinia and Corsica to be biogeographically closely linked with each other, and that they diverge strongly from all other regions. Sicily also diverges strongly from all other regions, while the intra-island differentiation was comparatively low. On the Italian mainland, Calabria exhibited the most pronounced biogeographic differentiation, often with several lineages present, resulting from old vicariance events within the region. Furthermore, southern Apulia and the Po Plain with adjoining areas of northern peninsular Italy displayed considerable distinctiveness. Admixture prevailed in the areas between these three regions. The ancient isolation of Sicily, as well as Sardinia plus Corsica, resulted in endemic lineages with only moderate recent exchange with adjacent mainland regions. Pronounced diversification occurs within the Italian Peninsula. The complex tectonic activities, such as shifting (micro)plates, submergence of major parts of peninsular Italy with the genesis of numerous Pliocene islands, in combination with the climatic cycles during the Pleistocene have most likely generated the current biogeographic pattern of species. Immigrations from the Balkan Peninsula into northern Italy partly accounted for the distinctiveness of this region.

scholarly journals Evidence for multiple introductions of an invasive wild bee species currently under rapid range expansion in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lanner ◽  
Fabian Gstöttenmayer ◽  
Manuel Curto ◽  
Benoît Geslin ◽  
Katharina Huchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Invasion Stage ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Colonization Dynamics

Abstract Background Invasive species are increasingly driving biodiversity decline, and knowledge of colonization dynamics, including both drivers and dispersal modes, are important to prevent future invasions. The bee species Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), native to East-Asia, was first recognized in Southeast-France in 2008, and has since spread throughout much of Europe. The spread is very fast, and colonization may result from multiple fronts. Result To track the history of this invasion, codominant markers were genotyped using Illumina sequencing and the invasion history and degree of connectivity between populations across the European invasion axis were investigated. Distinctive genetic clusters were detected with east–west differentiations in Middle-Europe. Conclusion We hypothesize that the observed cluster formation resulted from multiple, independent introductions of the species to the European continent. This study draws a first picture of an early invasion stage of this wild bee and forms a foundation for further investigations, including studies of the species in their native Asian range and in the invaded range in North America.

Replacement of estuarine communities by an exotic shrub: distribution and invasion history of Baccharis halimifolia in Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Caño ◽  
J. A. Campos ◽  
D. García-Magro ◽  
M. Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Invasion History ◽  
Baccharis Halimifolia ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Invasion history of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Emilia Peñaherrera-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Harlequin Ladybird ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis Pallas

AbstractHarmonia axyridis is a ladybird extensively used around the world for biological control of agricultural pest. However, it has become invasive in several countries, producing negative ecological and socio-economic impacts. Herein, we review the invasion history of the Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) in Ecuador. Although first reported in Ecuador in 2012, museum specimens date back to 2004 and it is currently established across the country, especially along the Andean region. Due to its invasive nature, further studies are urgently needed to evaluate possible impacts of H. axyridis on the Ecuadorian biodiversity and agroindustry.

scholarly journals Alien Species vs. Native Species: From Community Ecology to Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andersonn Silveira Prestes
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The establishment and spread of exotic species is a contemporary major concern. Alien species may become invasive in their new habitat, leading to both/either environmental and/or economic impacts. I briefly reviewed the literature in the last decade about the relationship of exotic species and native communities. I identified that professionals usually approach the subject in two main points of view: (1) researchers tend to point out the impacts of alien species on entire communities, evaluating if the relationship is positive, negative or neutral; (2) they focus on the eco-evolutionary processes involved in the introductions, the dynamics of invasion, and individual study cases. When evaluating the response of introductions to entire communities, evidence seems to be ambiguous and may support positive, negative or neutral relationship, especially depending on the scale approached. The unique eco-evolutionary pathways of each introduction may be a great shortcoming in the searching for generalities. On the other hand, advances have been made in understanding the dynamics of invasion on different lineages through a more selective/individualized approach. I suggest that the dynamics of invasion might be studied through a perspective in which different eco-evolutionary processes, levels of organization (from gene to entire communities), the history of the organism(s) and time are taken into account. Individual cases might be compared in attempt to understand how the relationship exotic and native works and in the search for generalities.

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