scholarly journals Lavandulae aetheroleum Oil: A Review on Phytochemical Screening, Medicinal Applications, and Pharmacological Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9836-9847
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Experimental Pharmacology ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Lavandulae aetheroleum, the oil, was obtained by vapor condensation from the flower of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel (Lamiaceae) plant. Other names of Lavandulae aetheroleum oil are Al birri, common or English lavender. The Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel plant is spreading in the Mediterranean, southern Europe, Bulgaria, Russia, and USA. The Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel plant, is an odor shrub with 1-2 m in height. The oil is a clear, colorless, or pale yellow. The gas chromatography studies reported the following percentage of the major chemical constituents in the oil: linalyl acetate (25-46%), linalool (20-45%), terpinen-4-ol (1.2-6.0%), lavendulyl acetate (> 1.0%), 1,8-cineole (1,8-cineol, cineol, cineole, eucalyptol) (< 2.5%), 3-octanone (< 2.5%), camphor (< 1.2%), limonene (< 1.0%), and α-terpineol (< 2.0%). Medicinal applications of the oil include the treatment of restlessness, anxiety, cardiovascular disorders, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders, burns, diarrhea, headache, sore throats, and wounds. Pharmacological effects include experimental and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antispasmodic, central nervous system depressant effects. Clinical pharmacology includes anxiolytic, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects. The oil dose by inhalation = 0.06-0.2 ml/ 3 times/day while oil dose internally = 1-4 drops approximately 20-80 mg on a sugar cube per day. In conclusion, Lavandulae aetheroleum oil had an anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antispasmodic, central nervous system depressant, anxiolytic, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects.

scholarly journals Importance of Herba Passiflorae in Medicinal Applications: Review on Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 12886-12900
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Experimental Pharmacology ◽  
Sedative Effects ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The dried aerial parts of Passiflora incarnate L. plant are called Herba Passiflorae. This plant belongs to the Passifloraceae family. This review aims to focus on the importance of Herba Passiflorae in medicinal applications with special reference to its experimental and clinical pharmacology. Herba Passiflorae possesses flavonoids and alkaloids ingredients. The major constituents of Herba Passiflorae are flavonoids such as vicenin-2, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin. Herba Passiflorae is applied for the cure of dysmenorrhoea, neuralgia, and nervous tachycardia. It is a slight sedative for nervous restlessness, insomnia, and anxiety. The fruit of Herba Passiflorae is used for jams, jellies, and desserts. The juice is a favorite flavoring in drinks. The pharmacology effect of Herba Passiflorae includes experimental and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardiovascular, central nervous system depressant, and uterine stimulant effects. Clinical pharmacology includes anxiolytic, analgesic, and sedative effects, as well as its effect on nausea, menopause, dysmenorrhea, and diabetes. Herba Passiflorae stimulates uterine contractions, so it is used during pregnancy. The water extract of Herba Passiflorae is not genotoxic. The passion fruit is more appropriate for children's use due to the incorporation of Lactobacillus casei in passion fruit. The daily oral intake of passion fruit at public doses is non-toxic and safe. The daily dose in adults as a sedative is 0.5-2 g of aerial parts 3-4 times. In conclusion, Herba Passiflorae has analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardiovascular, central nervous system depressant, uterine stimulant, anxiolytic, analgesic, and sedative effects, as well as, its effect on nausea, menopause, dysmenorrhea, and diabetes.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF TRADITIONALLY USED MEDICINAL PLANT ARGYREIA SPECIOSA (LINN. F.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Bhagat Singh Jaiswal ◽  
Mukul Tailang
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Pharmacological Profile ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Argyreia Nervosa ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Argyreia speciosa (Linn.f.) (Family: Convolvulaceae, Synonyms: Argyreia nervosa) is used in the traditional Ayurvedic systems of medicine as well as in local health folklore. It is commonly known as Vidhaara in Hindi and Hawaiian Baby Woodrose and Elephant creeper in English. It is the large climber and seen throughout India up to an altitude of 500 m. A. speciosa possess various pharmacological activity such as anti-aging, gastroprotective, analgesic & anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac, antiviral, antidiabetic,  anticonvulsion, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antiulcer, central nervous system depressant, nematocides, nootropic, anticancer and many more. Apart from this numerous phytoconstituents have been isolated from A. speciosa. Its seeds principally contain lysergamides, eragine and isoeragine which responsible for its hallucinogenic properties. The present paper efforts bring to light the available literature on A. speciosa with respect to traditional, ethnobotanical, phytoconstituents and review of different pharmacological activities. Keywords: Argyreia speciosa, Vidhaara, Anti-aging, Hallucinogen, Ethnobotanical

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and central nervous system depressant activities of Monochoria hastate (L.) Solms. in animal models

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (71) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Tufael Ahmed ◽  
LuthfunMst Nesa ◽  
DA Anwar Al-Aman ◽  
IslamNazrul Kazi ◽  
MdEleas Kobir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Review on Flos Arnicae: Phytochemical Screening, Chemical Constituents, and Pharmacological Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13667-13680
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Experimental Pharmacology ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Minor Injuries

The dried flowers of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Asteraceae) is called Flos Arnicae. The other names of Flos Arnicae are Arnique, Arnika, betouana, mountain tobacco. This review aims to focus on phytochemical screening, chemical constituents, and pharmacological applications of Flos Arnicae. Carthamus tinctorius plant is indigenous to central Europe, but it is cultivated all over the world. The Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) is a perennial, branched and herbaceous. The main ingredients of Flos Arnicae include the essential oil (0.5%), fatty acids, thymol, pseudoguaianolide sesquiterpene lactones (0.2-0.8%), and flavonoid glycosides (0.2-0.6%). It is applied in treating pain and inflammation from minor injuries and accidents such as bruises, ecchymosis, hematomas, and petechiae. Flos Arnicae treats cardiovascular disease, indigestion, and rheumatism, and it is also applied as an emmenagogue. The pharmacological effect of Flos Arnicae includes experimental and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, cardiovascular, choleretic, and uterine stimulant effects. Clinical pharmacology includes antianxiety, antidepressant, analgesic, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity effects. Flos Arnicae is used externally on the affected area 2 or 3 times/ day. In rabbits or mice, or rats, the Flos Arnicae is tested and found not toxic in acute toxicity studies. In mice and guinea pig skin, the Flos Arnicae is not irritating, sensitizing, or phototoxic. In 100 cosmetic preparations, the Flos Arnicae is found. There is not any significant ocular irritation after Flos Arnicae exposure. In conclusion, Flos Arnicae has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, cardiovascular, choleretic, uterine stimulant, antianxiety, antidepressant, analgesic, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity effects.

scholarly journals Focus on Phytochemical Screening, Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Effects and Medical Uses of Gummi myrrha

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 5510-5522
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Experimental Pharmacology ◽  
Aphthous Ulcers ◽  
Antileishmanial Activities

Gummi myrrha is the air-dried gum resin taken from the branches and stems of Commiphora molmol Engler (Burseraceae). The other names include myrrh, myrrhe, myrrha. Commiphora species are shrubs with 3 m high. It has rounded tops, thick trunks, dark brown bark, and large, sharply pointed thorns on the stem. It has many asymmetrical stunted and spiny. The leaves are unequal and alternate. The flowers are small, yellow-red fascicled, and arranged in terminal panicles. Gummi myrrha contains resins (25-40%), essential oil (3-8%), and a water-soluble gum (30-60%). The Gummi myrrha contains 20% proteins and 65% carbohydrates (galactose, 4-O-methylglucuronic acid, and arabinose). The major constituents of the Gummi myrrha essential oil are furanosesquiterpenes, and the monoterpenes α-, β- and γ-bisabolene. Gummi myrrha is used for mild inflammations treatment. It is used to treat aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, common cold, and gingivitis. Gummi myrrha is used as an emmenagogue, expectorant, and antidote for toxins and to stop blood coagulation. It treats menopausal symptoms, arthritic pain, diarrhea, fatigue, headache, jaundice, and indigestion. The pharmacology activity of Gummi myrrha includes experimental pharmacology and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes cardio-protective, analgesic, antipyretic, anticoagulant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, antimicrobial, and antileishmanial activities. Clinical pharmacology includes anti-obesity, antidiarrheal, and wound healing activities. The ointment of Gummi myrrha essential oil was non-irritating, non-sensitizing, and non-photo toxic to the human skin. The dose of myrrh tincture =1:5 g/ml, Gummi myrrha tincture applied to the affected area 2 or 3 times/ day; Gummi myrrha mouth solution= 5-10 drops of the tincture in a glass of water.

PENENTUAN NILAI PARAMETER LIPOFILITAS SENYAWA 4-KLOROBENZOILTIOUREA DAN UJI POTENSIASI TERHADAP TIOPENTAL PADA MENCIT PUTIH (Mus musculus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dini Kesuma
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Log P ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Synthesis of the 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound was carried out by acylating thiourea with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride. The 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound  will increase the lipophilic and the electronic properties other than the lead compounds of benzoylthiourea in order to, by expectation, raise the central nervous system depressant as well. The lipophilic would affect the ability of the compounds in penetrating biological membranes, which is highly dependent on the solubility of the drug within lipid/water. Log P is the most common method used in determining the parameter value. This experiment was to mix two dissolvents (octanol and water) which are immissible. The both levels of the compounds were carefully observed by a spectrophotometer UV-Vis. From the test, the result of log P value of the 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound was 2.32, while the theoretical log P value of the compounds, by using the π Hansch-Fujita method is 1.62 and the f Rekker-Mannhold method is 2.225. Consequently, the result of the test shows that there is a significant difference between the progress experiment and both theoretical log P methods. Moreover, in the test of the central nervous system depressant through the potentiation test to thiopental using mice indicates that the 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound have potentiation effects to thiopental compared to the lead compounds of benzoylthiourea.

Central nervous system active compounds. VI. Reissert compounds as precursors of 1-(3-phthalidy1)isoquinolines

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
TV Hung ◽  
BA Mooney ◽  
RH Prager ◽  
AD Ward
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Reissert Compounds

The reactions of isoquinoline and phthalazine Reissert compounds with phthalaldehydic acids and their derivatives have been investigated as a means of synthesizing 1-(3-phthalidyl)isoquinolines. Of a variety of conditions tried those involving phase transfer were found, in general, to be the most suitable. The products, which are analogues of the convulsant alkaloid bicuculline, showed weak central nervous system depressant activity.

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