scholarly journals Genetic Diversity In Exotic Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean

An experiment in alpha lattice design with three replication including 39 exotic maize hybrids was conducted at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna during Rabi season 2010-11 for analysis the genetic divergence in exotic maize hybrids. The genotypes were grouped in to seven clusters. Cluster VI comprised the maximum genotypes (13) indicating overall genetic similarity among them. The minimum genotype (1) was contained in the cluster III and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and III followed by cluster I and III and cluster III and VII suggesting wide diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used in hybridization program for obtaining a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster VII and the cluster III and V were contained only one genotype and hence, their intra cluster distance was zero. The mean values of cluster IV recorded the highest yield per hectare (11.60 ton/ha) with medium plant height, days to maturity, days to 50% tasseling, silking and shelling percentage. Selection on the basis of plant aspect and ear aspect the genotypes of cluster III ranked first but plant height was high with medium seed size, medium yield, medium shelling percentage and also in late in case of maturity. The mean values of cluster V shown overall medium in case of yield and all yield contributing characters. Qualitative characters contribute maximum towards genetic divergence. Therefore, the genotypes from cluster III, V and VI could be utilized as source materials for getting desirable new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 335-341, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15894

scholarly journals Genetic divergence analysis in papaya (Carica papaya L.) Genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-656
Author(s):  
N Ara ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
Ferdousi Begum ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
R Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Cluster Distance

The experiment on papaya (Carica papaya L.) consisting of fourteen genotypes from diversd gene pool was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna during April 2013 to May 2014 to study the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence and eventually identification of suitable genotypes for use in breeding program. Multivariate analysis was subjected to assess the genetic diversity and Mahalanobis’ generalized distance (D2) was used to assess the divergence present among the genotypes. The fourteen genotypes were grouped into four clusters. The cluster IV had the maximum genotypes (5) followed by cluster I having 4 genotypes and cluster II having 3 genotypes. Cluster III had the minimum genotypes (2). The inter-cluster distances were greater than intra-cluster distances in all cases, suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest intracluster distance was observed in cluster III and the lowest in cluster II. The maximum inter-cluster distance was estimated between clusters I and IV (11.3212), moderate distance between clusters II and IV (9.961) and clusters III and IV (7.568), and that of the lowest between clusters I and III. Cluster III recorded the highest mean values for fruit length, plant height at last harvest, number of fruits/plant, weight of fruits/plant and fruit yield, while cluster IV exhibited the maximum mean values for pulp thickness, plant height at 1st harvest and the second highest mean values for fruit length, fruit breadth and TSS. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster III for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster IV which may produce new recombinants with desired traits.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(4): 647-656, December 2016

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
M Tuhina-Khatun ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
MN Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Moderate Yield

Comprising 34 groundnut genotypes an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replication at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Hathazari, Chittagong during Rabi season (December 2009 to April 2010) for estimation of the multivariate analysis of divergence. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (12) and the cluster II contained the lowest (2). The inter-cluster distances in all cases were larger than the intra-cluster distance which indicated that wider diversity is present among the genotypes of distant grouped. The highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster V and the lowest in II. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster IV and III followed by V and III and the lowest between cluster V and I. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of matured nuts per plant and karnel size were the most important contributors based on the latent vector. But the highest cluster means for matured nuts per plant, 100 karnel weight, 100 nuts weight and yield per plant were obtained from the cluster II. With moderate yield but early maturity varieties were found in cluster IV. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster VI for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II and III for getting new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield.   Key Words: Genetic divergence; cluster analysis; D2 analysis; groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i1.9317 BJPBG 2010; 23(1): 45-49

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of indigenous pummelo genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Md Sarowar Alam ◽  
Md Sultan Mia ◽  
Md Salim ◽  
Jubair Al Rashid ◽  
Md Saidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Total Divergence ◽  
And Performance

The genetic divergence was studied in33pummelogenotypes using D2 statistics and principal component analysis at Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Akbarpur, Moulvibazar during 2012 to 2014. The genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters and the maximum number of genotypes was included in cluster IV and V and the minimum number in cluster I. The inter cluster distance in all of the cases were higher than the intra cluster distance indicating wider genetic diversity among the accessions of different groups. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and II followed by cluster II and V and the lowest between III and IV. The highest intra- cluster distance was observed for the cluster II and the lowest for the cluster III. For cluster II, the highest mean values for plant height (6.13m), individual fruit weight (1141.67g), fruit length (13.03 cm) and breadth (13.15 cm), number of segments per fruit (14.41), number and weight of seeds per fruit (123.67 and 50.41g), yield per plant (50.94 kg) were observed. The first axis largely accounted for the variation among the pummelo accessions (26.16%) followed by second axis (18.75%). The first 8 axes accounted 90.56 % of the total variation. The characters individual fruit weight (g) and weight of seeds per fruit (g) showing positive value in both the vectors contributed maximum towards divergence. Considering magnitude of genetic distance, contribution of different traits toward the total divergence, magnitude of cluster means for different traits and performance the genotypes of cluster I, II, and IV may be considered as parents for future hybridization program.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 37-43, April 2016

scholarly journals Studies On Genetic Divergence In Maize (Zea mays) Inbreds

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Khan ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
KU Ahmed ◽  
ABM Khaldun
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Single Genotype ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic divergence in 17 CIMMYT Maize inbred lines including one check were assessed based on some morphological traits and grain yield using Mahalanobis’ D2-statistics. The experiment was carried out in alpha lattice design with two replications at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi Pabna during the winter 2010-2011. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters. The cluster II contained the highest number of lines (6), while the cluster I contained only single genotype. The maximum inter-cluster distance was noticed between the cluster I and IV and minimum between cluster I and II. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in the cluster IV and lowest in cluster I. The genotypes in the cluster III showed better performances having shorter growth duration, short stature, shortest ear height, better shelling percentage and reasonable yielding ability. It is expected that crossing of inbred lines belonging high to medium D2 values may tend to produce high heterosis for yield. Ear aspect had the greatest contribution to the genetic divergence. Days to pollen shedding, silking, maturity, and 1000-grain weight were found to be responsible for primary differentiation. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(1): 71-76, March 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i1.15191

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of exotic inbred lines of maize (Zea mays. L)

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-671
Author(s):  
AH Akhi ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
ANMS Karim ◽  
F Begum ◽  
MM Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Total Divergence

Sixty exotic inbred lines of maize from CIMMYT were characterized for a few morphological attributes and grain yield at the experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during 2013-14. The inbred lines of the existing investigation were grouped into five distinct non-overlapping clusters based on D2 analysis. Cluster II was comprised of the highest number of inbreds whilst cluster III and IV included the lowest number of inbreds. The inter cluster distance was higher than intra cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest inter-cluster distance was exhibited between clusters II and V (D2 = 15.40) and the lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters I and II (D2 = 2.82). Cluster II exhibited the highest mean values for cob length and cob diameter, cluster V for number of grain /cob and total grain weight. The lowest mean value for plant height & ear height were found in cluster II and cluster IV for days to pollen shedding and days to silking. Days to silking, plant height, cob length (cm), number of rows /cob, number of grains /cob showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among different characters. The inbred lines were characterized for their morphological traits and kernel yield to achieve more heterotic partners to get higher heterosis.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 665-671, December 2017

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE ANALYSIS IN HRDC RICE (Oryza sativa L.) HYBRIDS IN BANGLADESH

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
A. Ahmed ◽  
S. G. Shaon ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
P. S. Saha ◽  
M. M. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yield Maximization

Genetic divergence of 48 IRRI developed F1 rice hybrids were studied through Mahalanobis D2 and principal component analysis for ten characters in Gazipur and Pabna district during dry season 2012-13. Among 48 genotypes, cluster analysis resulted in five clusters following Ward’s method. During dry season for both regions, cluster I incorporated the highest number of genotypes. Significant differences among the genotypes but non-significant differences among replications were noticed for most of the parameters under study. The inter-cluster distance was larger than intra-cluster distance suggesting wider diversity among the genotypes. In Gazipur, the maximum inter-cluster D2 value was recorded between cluster III and V (6.69) and the minimum between cluster II and IV (0.69). The intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster IV (3.60) and minimum in cluster I (0.33). In Pabna, maximum inter-cluster distance was exhibited between cluster IV and II (16.43) but minimum between cluster II and III (3.98). Maximum intra-cluster distance (4.40) was recorded in cluster IV whereas minimum in cluster I (0.83). Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle number m-2, spikelet fertility (%) and 1000-grain wt. (g) had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence among the characters studied. Cluster means indicated considerable differences in the mean values of different parameters. The highest cluster means for panicle weight (g), spikelet fertility (%), 1000 grain wt. (g) and grain yield (kg ha-1) were derived from cluster IV. Therefore, more prominence should be given to the lines under cluster IV that having genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Pointed Gourd

1970 ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
MY Kabir ◽  
ASMMR Khan ◽  
MS Hassain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Pointed Gourd ◽  
Clustering Pattern

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna during the growing season 2005-2006 to estimate the genetic diversity among 24 genotypes of pointed gourd by using Mahalanobis D² statistics for nine characters. The genotypes were grouped in to five clusters. The cluster I and III consisted of highest number of genotypes and it was six. The cluster IV contained the lowest number of genotypes and it was three. The clustering pattern of the genotypes under this study revealed that the genotypes collected from the same location were grouped into different clusters. The genotypes of Kushtia were distributed in different clusters. The inter cluster distance were larger than the intra cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest intra cluster distance was computed for cluster IV (35.80) and the minimum intra cluster distance was found in cluster III (18.37). The clusters IV and II were more diverse as indicated by maximum inter cluster distances between them (41.56) and the minimum inter cluster divergence was observed between cluster III and II (6.84). Cluster II had the highest cluster mean value for number of fruits per plant (391), weight of fruit per plant (11.72kg) and yield (35.28t/ha). Genotypes of the cluster V had late maturity. Key words: Genotype; genetic diversity; pointed gourd. DOI: 10.3329/jard.v7i1.4426 J Agric Rural Dev 7(1&2), 87-92, June 2009

scholarly journals Performance analysis of spring wheat genotypes under rain-fed conditions in warm humid environment of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Ramesh Raj Puri ◽  
Nutan Raj Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Small Plot

Around 25% of total wheat area in Terai of Nepal falls under rain-fed and partially irrigated condition. A Coordinated varietal trial (CVT) was conducted during two consecutive crop cycles (2011-12 and 2012-13) under timely sown rain-fed conditions of Terai. The trial was conducted in Alpha Lattice design with two replications at Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa and Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Regional Agriculture Research Station, Nepalgunj. Observations were recorded for yield and yield traits and analyzed using statistical software Cropstat 7.2.The combined analysis of coordinated varietal trial showed that BL 3978 possessed the highest yield (2469.2 Kg ha-1) followed by NL 1097 (2373.2 Kg ha-1) and NL 1094 (2334.06 Kg ha-1). Genotype x Environment interaction for grain yield was significant (p<0.05) over locations and years. BL 3978 with early maturity (111 days) escaped the heat stress environment. Among the top three genotypes, BL 3978 was consistently higher in both favorable and unfavorable conditions. Earliness was one of the major traits for heat tolerant genotypes. The three identified genotypes will be further evaluated in participatory varietal selection or coordinated farmers field trial followed by small plot seed multiplication (seed increase) and release in the future for timely sown rain-fed conditions. These lines also appear suitable for inclusion in crossing program targeted for water stress tolerance variety development. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12649 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 289-295

scholarly journals Genetic divergence in tomato lines (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
MZ Ullah ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
T Singha ◽  
AK Patwary
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clustering Pattern

Twenty genotypes of tomato were assessed for their genetic divergence using Mahalanobis D2statistics. Based on D2 values of eleven yield related characters, genotypes were grouped in to five clusters. Maximum genotypes were grouped in cluster II (6) followed by cluster IV (5) the remaining 9 genotypes were distributed in three clusters, four in cluster III, three in cluster I and two genotypes in cluster V. Clustering pattern indicated that there was no association between geographical distribution of genotypes and genetic divergence. The mean intra and inter cluster distance (D) revealed that cluster I had highest intra cluster distance (0.979), while the inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster III and I (13.546) followed by III and V (11.218). The characters like plant height, fruit weight, fruits per plant contributed maximum to genetic divergence.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 61-64, June 2015

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity for Yield and Its Component Traits in Blackgram (Vigna mungo. L Hepper)

2021 ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Bairi Pallavi ◽  
Gaibriyal M. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Pod Length

Thirty eight genotypes were subjected to genetic divergence by using D2 statistics. The genotypes were grouped into 7 clusters by D2 analysis. Cluster I consisted of maximum accessions (32) followed by cluster II, III IV, V, VI, VII consisted of only 1 accession. The inter-cluster distances were greater than intra-cluster distances, revealing that considerable amount of genetic diversity existed among the accessions. Maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster I (56.58) indicating that some genetic divergence still existed among the genotypes. This could be made use of in the yield improvement through recombination breeding. Highest mean values exhibited no. of seeds per plant in cluster II (198.97), days to maturity in cluster VII (93.11), harvest index in cluster V (76.15) and plant height in cluster IV (69.59). The character contribution maximum towards diversity among the accessions were seed yield per plant (18.40%), followed by harvest index (14.32%), biological yield (11.98%), no. of pods per plant (10.76%), pod length (9.80%) and no. of seeds per plant (7.56%). These characters combining with early maturity were the major traits causing genetic divergence among the accessions. It was assumed that maximum mount of heterosis will be manifested in cross combinations involving the parents belonging to most divergent clusters.

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