scholarly journals Performance analysis of spring wheat genotypes under rain-fed conditions in warm humid environment of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Ramesh Raj Puri ◽  
Nutan Raj Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Small Plot

Around 25% of total wheat area in Terai of Nepal falls under rain-fed and partially irrigated condition. A Coordinated varietal trial (CVT) was conducted during two consecutive crop cycles (2011-12 and 2012-13) under timely sown rain-fed conditions of Terai. The trial was conducted in Alpha Lattice design with two replications at Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa and Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Regional Agriculture Research Station, Nepalgunj. Observations were recorded for yield and yield traits and analyzed using statistical software Cropstat 7.2.The combined analysis of coordinated varietal trial showed that BL 3978 possessed the highest yield (2469.2 Kg ha-1) followed by NL 1097 (2373.2 Kg ha-1) and NL 1094 (2334.06 Kg ha-1). Genotype x Environment interaction for grain yield was significant (p<0.05) over locations and years. BL 3978 with early maturity (111 days) escaped the heat stress environment. Among the top three genotypes, BL 3978 was consistently higher in both favorable and unfavorable conditions. Earliness was one of the major traits for heat tolerant genotypes. The three identified genotypes will be further evaluated in participatory varietal selection or coordinated farmers field trial followed by small plot seed multiplication (seed increase) and release in the future for timely sown rain-fed conditions. These lines also appear suitable for inclusion in crossing program targeted for water stress tolerance variety development. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12649 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 289-295

scholarly journals Adapting Rice Technologies to Climate Change

2012 ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.P. Tripathi ◽  
R.K. Mahato ◽  
R.B. Yadaw ◽  
S.N. Sah ◽  
B.B. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
International Rice Research Institute ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Animal Sciences

Rice is prime crop that contributes to food security and provides employment to a large number of populations in Nepal. More than 51% of the area of rice land in Nepal is rain-fed. Over the last few years, however, the country has been experiencing erratic rainfall, with less water available for rice cultivation, as well as temperature rise. There are both submergence (flooding) problems and drought in the main rice growing areas. Hence, there is a need to generate suitable rice technologies under such adverse conditions.The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) has initiated research in collaboration with the Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) and the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences (IAAS) to develop suitable rice technologies for submergence and drought prone areas of Nepal. Various rice germplasm was brought from IRRI, Philippines, and research was conducted at NARC and IAAS as well as in farmers’ fields following a program of Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS). Water-saving rice technologies as well as other technologies, including indigenous practices, were identified for utilizing less water for rice cultivation. Several varieties of rice under drought prone and under submergence conditions were identified, and have been recommended for cultivation by Nepalese farmers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v11i1.7209 Hydro Nepal Special Issue: Conference Proceedings 2012 pp.69-72

scholarly journals Comparative Study of AMMI- and BLUP-Based Simultaneous Selection for Grain Yield and Stability of Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] Genotypes

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Anuradha ◽  
T. S. S. K. Patro ◽  
Ashok Singamsetti ◽  
Y. Sandhya Rani ◽  
U. Triveni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Harmonic Mean ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Simultaneous Selection

Finger millet, an orphan crop, possesses immense potential in mitigating climate change and could offer threefold security in terms of food, fodder, and nutrition. It is mostly cultivated as a subsistence crop in the marginal areas of plains and hills. Considering the changes in climate inclusive of recurrent weather vagaries witnessed every year, it is crucial to select stable, high-yielding, area-specific, finger millet cultivars. Sixty finger millet varieties released across the country were evaluated over six consecutive rainy seasons from 2011 to 2016 at the Agricultural Research Station, Vizianagaram. The genotype × environment interaction (GEI) was found to be significant in the combined ANOVA. Furthermore, the Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis asserted that genotypes and the GEI effects accounted for approximately 89% of the total variation. Strong positive associations were observed in an estimated set of eleven stability parameters which were chosen to identify stable genotypes. Furthermore, Non-parametric and Parametric Simultaneous Selection indices (NP-SSI and P-SSI) were calculated utilizing AMMI-based stability parameter (ASTAB), modified AMMI stability value (MASV), and Modified AMMI Stability Index (MASI) to identify stable high yielders. Both methods had inherent difficulties in ranking genotypes for SSI. To overcome this, the initial culling [i.e., SSI with culling strategy (C-SSI)] of genotypes was introduced for stability. In the C-SSI method, the top ten genotypes were above-average yielders, while those with below-average yield were observed in NP-SSI and P-SSI methods. Similarly, the estimation of best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP)-based simultaneous selections, such as harmonic mean of genotypic values (HMGV), relative performance of genotypic values (RPGV), and harmonic mean of relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV), revealed that none of the top ten entries had below-average yield. The study has proven that C-SSI and BLUP-based methods were equally worthy in the selection of high-yielding genotypes with stable performance. However, the C-SSI approach could be the best method to ensure that genotypes with a considerable amount of stability are selected. The multi-year trial SSI revealed that entries Indaf-9, Sri Chaitanya, PR-202, and A-404; and VL324 and VL146 were ascertained to be the most stable high-yielding genotypes among medium-to-late and early maturity groups, respectively.

scholarly journals Kenneth Manley Smith, 13 November 1892 - 11 June 1981

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 451-477
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Virus Research ◽  
Insect Viruses

Kenneth Smith, Director of the Agricultural Research Council Virus Research Unit, Cambridge (1939-59), had an immense influence in the establishment of virology, by pioneering the research of both plant and insect viruses, as well as by his writing. He was universally respected for his ability and devotion to his science and his unquenchable spirit. His research on plant viruses started in 1927 with his appointment at the Potato Virus Research Station, Cambridge, and then 30 years later he changed his line of research to include virus diseases of insects. He continued this line, first in England until past his retirement, and then at the age of 70 he moved to the U.S.A. and continued for another 7 years doing what he once described as ‘The best research of my life’. As he was an entomologist by training and had a good knowledge of botany, he was able to investigate both plant and insect viruses, although with the former the emphasis was mainly on insect vectors, and it was in this field that he made his more important discoveries. He was a naturalist as a boy and he was to continue this approach as a scientist. Although he was less of a modern day analytical scientist he unravelled many intricate biological problems with the limited means at his disposal. What characterizes him and his work are his ceaseless activity and perseverance, over a period of more than half a century, in pursuing his only interest, that of advancing virology. Part of this interest was writing books and review articles; he was very concerned with the popularization of his science and the future of virus research in the U.K. His books influenced many to take up research in viruses, including myself.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield under rain-fed conditions in Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-619
Author(s):  
B. Tembo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment

Understanding genotype by environment interaction (GEI) is important for crop improvement because it aids in the recommendation of cultivars and the identification of appropriate production environments. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of GEI for the grain yield of wheat grown under rain-fed conditions in Zambia by using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. The study was conducted in 2015/16 at Mutanda Research Station, Mt. Makulu Research Station and Golden Valley Agricultural Research Trust (GART) in Chibombo. During2016/17, the experiment was performed at Mpongwe, Mt. Makulu Research Station and GART Chibombo, Zambia. Fifty-five rain-fed wheat genotypes were evaluated for grain yield in a 5 × 11 alpha lattice design with two replications. Results revealed the presence of significant variation in yield across genotypes, environments, and GEI indicating the differential performance of genotypes across environments. The variance due to the effect of environments was higher than the variances due to genotypes and GEI. The variances ascribed to environments, genotypes, and GEI accounted for 45.79%, 12.96%, and 22.56% of the total variation, respectively. These results indicated that in rain-fed wheat genotypes under study, grain yield was more controlled by the environment than by genetics. AMMI biplot analysis demonstrated that E2 was the main contributor to the GEI given that it was located farthest from the origin. Furthermore, E2 was unstable yet recorded the highest yield. Genotype G47 contributed highly to the GEI sum of squares considering that it was also located far from the origin. Genotypes G12 and G18 were relatively stable because they were situated close to the origin. Their position indicated that they had minimal interaction with the environment. Genotype 47 was the highest-yielding genotype but was unstable, whereas G34 was the lowest-yielding genotype and was unstable.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity In Exotic Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean

An experiment in alpha lattice design with three replication including 39 exotic maize hybrids was conducted at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna during Rabi season 2010-11 for analysis the genetic divergence in exotic maize hybrids. The genotypes were grouped in to seven clusters. Cluster VI comprised the maximum genotypes (13) indicating overall genetic similarity among them. The minimum genotype (1) was contained in the cluster III and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and III followed by cluster I and III and cluster III and VII suggesting wide diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used in hybridization program for obtaining a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster VII and the cluster III and V were contained only one genotype and hence, their intra cluster distance was zero. The mean values of cluster IV recorded the highest yield per hectare (11.60 ton/ha) with medium plant height, days to maturity, days to 50% tasseling, silking and shelling percentage. Selection on the basis of plant aspect and ear aspect the genotypes of cluster III ranked first but plant height was high with medium seed size, medium yield, medium shelling percentage and also in late in case of maturity. The mean values of cluster V shown overall medium in case of yield and all yield contributing characters. Qualitative characters contribute maximum towards genetic divergence. Therefore, the genotypes from cluster III, V and VI could be utilized as source materials for getting desirable new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 335-341, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15894

Stability for disease, genotype x environment interaction for yield andits components in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Muniswamy ◽  
R. Lokesha ◽  
Yamanura ◽  
Ramesh ◽  
J. R. Diwan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Genotype X Environment Interaction ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Lattice Design

The material for study of genotype x environment (G x E) interaction comprised of 23 genotypes, which were tested in four environments, during kharif-2012 and 2013 at two locations in Agricultural Research Station, Kalaburagi and Raddevadgi located in north eastern dry zone (Zone 2) of Karnataka. The experiment was laid out in lattice design with two replications. Highly significant differences among genotypes were observed for all the characters except number of pods per plant and yield per plant. Environmental +(Genotype x Environment) interaction was significant for days to 50 per cent flowering, day to maturity, plant height, pod bearing length, number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant. The variance due to pooled deviation was highly significant for all the characters which reflect the presence of sufficient genetic variability in the material. Stability parameters for seed yield per plant indicated that ASHA(ch) was stable and desirable, followed by RVK-275 and GRG-811 which were specifically adopted for favourable and poor environments respectively. Two years of field screening for Fusarium wilt (FW) and Sterility Mosaic Disease (SMD) yielded three genotypes viz., GRG-811, GRG-2009 and ASHA for resistance to Fusarium wilt and moderate resistance to SMD. Hence, these genotypes can be used directly as a variety or choice of parent for hybridization programme.

XIV.—Rowett Research Institute

1951 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-276
Author(s):  
D. P. Cuthbertson
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
The University

The Rowett Institute for research on animal nutrition had its origin under a scheme for promoting scientific research in agriculture adopted by the Development Commission in 1911.The Governing Body, which originally consisted of an equal number of members appointed by the Court of the University of Aberdeen and the Governors of the North of Scotland College of Agriculture, was constituted in 1913. Within recent years it has been expanded to include persons nominated by the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Royal Society, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Agricultural Research Council, and the Medical Research Council. Research work was begun in temporary accommodation in Marischal College in 1914, under the direction of Dr John Boyd Orr—now Lord Boyd-Orr—who continued as Director until his retirement in 1945.

Changes in phosphorus metabolism of sheep in response to the increased demands for P associated with an intravenous infusion of calcium

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Close Association ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
P Absorption ◽  
P Retention

SummaryThe effect on phosphorus and calcium metabolism of a high rate of Ca infused directly into the blood of 10-month-old sheep, already receiving an adequate Ca and P intake, has been studied by a combination of balance and radioisotope techniques. Ca retention was significantly increased during the infusion and most of the extra Ca was retained in bone. Urinary Ca excretion also showed a small but significant increase and the efficiency of Ca absorption a small but significant decrease. Because of the close association of Ca and P in bone, the increased skeletal retention of Ca resulted in an increased skeletal P retention and hence an increased demand for P. This increased P demand was met partly by a decrease in the rate of endogenous faecal loss of P and partly by an increase in the rate and efficiency of P absorption. Because the increase in P demand was relatively small, it was not possible to decide whether the endogenous faecal loss of P can be reduced in response to increased demands to the level found at zero P intake as suggested by the Agricultural Research Council (1980) or whether higher losses at normal P intakes are inevitable.

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