scholarly journals Trace Minerals and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Suchitra Kumari ◽  
Tapaswini Pradhan ◽  
Tarun Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Correlation Study

There is accumulating evidence showing relationship between trace elements and Diabetes mellitus (DM). This study evaluated the role of magnesium, Zinc and other indices of peroxidative status ie MDA, Vitamin C and Vitamin E in pathogenesis of Retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Seventy two type 2 diabetes cases were enrolled in the study, of which 42 were with retinopathy and 30 without. Patients with nephropathy were excluded. Forty age and sex matched subjects were served as health controls. The results showed that the mean values of Mg and Zn were significantly lower reduced in diabetes more so in diabetic retinopathy cases as compared to control subjects (p<0.05). Lipid peroxidation marker MDA was a significantly higher in both the diabetes groups whereas serum Vitamin C and vitamin E levels were significantly low (p<0.05) as compared to controls. Our correlation study revealed that MDA was negatively associated with serum Mg (r=-0.73, p<0.01) as well as serum Zn (r= -0.82, p<0.01), pointing towards the role of these trace elements in retarding the oxidative process prevailing in diabetic retinopathy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i2.14963 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(2) 2014 p.175-179

scholarly journals Role of Lipid, Protein-Derived Toxic Molecules, and Deficiency of Antioxidants behind the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhasish Pramanik ◽  
Lakshmi Kanta Mondal ◽  
Subhankar Chowdhury ◽  
Chiranjit Bose ◽  
Debgopal Bera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

To determine the role of NADPH-oxidase mediated formation of different lipid, protein-derived molecules, and depletion of vitamin-C level in vitreous behind the endothelial dysfunction-induced vascular endothelial growth factor secretion and pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fourteen T2DM patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (MNPDR), 11 patients without diabetic retinopathy (DNR), 17 T2 DM subjects with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (HRPDR), and 5 healthy individuals without DM underwent vitreous analysis for estimation NADPH oxidase, lipid peroxide like malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-Hydroxy-noneal (HNE) and advanced lipoxidation end product (ALE) like Hexanoyl-lysine (HLY), protein carbonyl compound (PCC), Vitamin-C and concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion following standard spectrophotometric methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Vitreous concentration of NADPH-oxidase, different protein and lipid-derived molecule, and VEGF were found to be significantly elevated among DNR and of DR subjects with different grades compared to HC subjects whereasthe vitamin-C level was found to be decreased among different DR subjects and DNR subjects in comparison to healthy individuals. Oxidative stress-mediated lipid and protein-derived biomolecules not only add important mediators in the pathogenesis of DR, but also accelerate the progression and severity of microangiopathy.

Role of Vitamin C in Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1701
Author(s):  
Nermien Abd El Rahman Ibraheim ◽  
Fatema El Zahraa Sayed Bukhary ◽  
Yehia Zakareia Mahmoud ◽  
Mahmoud Ragab Mohamed ◽  
Salama Rabei Abdel-Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamin C

scholarly journals The Role of Hypertension and Dyslipidaemia in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Laser Photocoagulation ◽  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Additional Burden

Despite the introduction of retinal laser photocoagulation and vitreoretinal surgery, diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a significant source of sight disorders and blindness amongst individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) [1]. Visual impairment and blindness can add an additional burden to individuals with T2DM, thereby, affecting their quality of life and ability to self-manage their diabetes [2]. The number of people registered blind and those with moderate to severe sight complications due to DR rose from 0.2 million to 0.4 and 1.4 million to 2.6 million respectively between 1990 to 2015 [3].

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin E for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Diabetes Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1481-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Bril ◽  
Diane M. Biernacki ◽  
Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli ◽  
Romina Lomonaco ◽  
Sreevidya K. Subbarayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Clinical risk factors and the role of VDR gene polymorphisms in diabetic retinopathy in Polish type 2 diabetes patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Cyganek ◽  
B. Mirkiewicz-Sieradzka ◽  
M. T. Malecki ◽  
P. Wolkow ◽  
J. Skupien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Clinical Risk Factors ◽  
Vdr Gene ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
Vdr Gene Polymorphisms

scholarly journals SNP rs2073618 of the Osteoprotegerin Gene Is Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Slovenian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mankoč Ramuš ◽  
Tina Kumše ◽  
Mojca Globočnik Petrovič ◽  
Daniel Petrovič ◽  
Ines Cilenšek
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Regulatory Molecule ◽  
Codominant Model ◽  
Osteoprotegerin Gene

Recent studies indicate that osteoprotegerin (OPG) acts as an important regulatory molecule in the vasculature. Also, a strong association was observed between circulation OPG and microvascular complication. By considering the possible role of OPG in diabetic retinopathy (DR) we examined two of the most studied polymorphisms of the OPG genes rs2073618 (located in exon I) and rs3134069 (located in the promoter region) and their relation to DR in Slovenian patients with type 2 diabetes. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the carriers of the CC genotype had a 2.2 higher risk for DR than those with either the CG genotype or the GG genotype (codominant model for rs2073618). Furthermore, the combined effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2073618 and rs3134069 on the DR was stronger than that of each SNP alone. The odds ratio (OR) for individuals with CC genotype (rs2073618) and AA genotype (rs3134069) compared with carriers of CG/GG (rs2073618) + AA (rs3134069) was 2.54 (95% CI = 1.26–5.13, ). To conclude, these results indicate that SNPs in the OPG gene may be implicated in the pathogenesis of DR.

scholarly journals TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Rehan Khawaja ◽  
Tahir Munir ◽  
Uzma Hassan ◽  
Syed Shoaib Shah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dm Type 2

Objectives: To access the Antioxidant Status in Patient with Variation in Durationof Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Data source: 90 selected patients suffering from Type 2 DiabetesMellitus (DM) and 30 subjects as control group. Design of study: Case Control Study. Setting:Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad. Period: July 2013 – March 2014. Materials& methods: Out of 120 selected subjects, 90 were of DM type 2and 30 were assigned ascontrol group (group 1). Based on duration, patients of DM type 2 were divided into; group2, 3 and 4; group 2 – patients with DM (type 2) duration less than 5 years, group 3 - with DMduration between 5-10 years and group 4 - with duration of DM more than 10 years. Smokers,renal failure, coronary artery disease, thyroid disease and previous antioxidant treatmentpatients were excluded from the study. Diabetes mellitus type 2 was diagnosed according tothe standards set by American Diabetes Association. The fasting plasma glucose levels weremeasured by glucose oxidase method; HbA1c by automated kit on Cobas Integra of Roche.The TAC was measured by calorimetric TAC Assay Kit (BioVision) while Vitamin C and E weremeasured by using ELISA Kit (HUMAN). Cut off values for HbA1c was taken as ≤6%; FBS≤110 mg/dl; TAC ≥1.16 mmol/L; Vitamin C ≥2 mg/dl; Vitamin E ≥ 9.5nmol/ml. Results: Asthe duration of type 2 diabetes increases, it was seen that vitamin C levels and TAC levels inall groups except between groups 1 & 2 decreased significantly; however, anti-oxidant vitaminE, was found to be significantly decreased in all the groups as the duration increases. Asignificantly increased level of HbA1c were noticed in groups 2, 3 and 4 as compared to group1 as the duration of diabetes increases; however, the levels were found to be non-significantwhen group 4 was compared with that of group 2 and group 3. When fasting blood sugarwas compared between the diabetic groups a significant increased levels were noticed in allthe groups with the exception between group 3 and 4. A significant differences between eachgroup and within the groups was observed when Hb1Ac, vitamin E, vitamin C, &TAC werecompared using ANOVA. A statistical significant correlation was observed when HbA1c wascorrelated with FBS; however, it shows an inverse relationship with TAC, vitamin C and vitaminE. A significant inverse correlation of FBS was noticed with TAC, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Asignificant positive correlation was seen when TAC was correlated with vitamin C and vitamin E.A similar trend of significant positive correlation was seen when vitamin C was correlated withvitamin E. Conclusions: The levels of total anti-oxidant capacity, vitamin C, and vitamin Egradually decrease with duration of diabetes and are associated with oxidative stress. Theseantioxidant vitamins (vitamin C and vitamin E) should be supplemented in diabetics to increasetheir quality of life. TAC status may be taken as early marker to detect complications in diabetictype 2 patients especially of longer duration.

Association of Plasma Homocysteine and Macular Edema in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aydin ◽  
H.D. Demir ◽  
H. Ozyurt ◽  
I. Etikan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the association of macular edema (ME) with plasma homocysteine, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Methods Sixty-five diabetic subjects with no retinopathy and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (no DR, without ME, with ME: 16, 25, 24, respectively), 28 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (with and without ME: 14, 14, respectively), and 19 healthy subjects as control were recruited in this cross-sectional study Plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folate levels were determined after 8-hour of fasting for all subjects. The levels of serum homocysteine and vitamin B6 were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection, and the levels of serum vitamin B12 and folic acid were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results When diabetic groups with ME were compared with diabetic groups without ME for homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folic acid, the only significant difference was detected in homocysteine levels (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between NPDR with ME group compared with NPDR without ME group and no DR group for plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folic acid (p=0.200, p=0.660; p=0.999, p=0.678; p=1.0, p=0.248; p=1.0, p=0.982, respectively). On the other hand, when PDR with ME group was compared with PDR without ME group, there was only significant difference in homocysteine levels (p=0.023). Conclusions Mild to moderate elevation of homocysteine may explain the role of vascular dysregulation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with DR. The present study suggests hyperhomocysteinemia may be one of the crucial risk factors for development of ME.

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