Association of Plasma Homocysteine and Macular Edema in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aydin ◽  
H.D. Demir ◽  
H. Ozyurt ◽  
I. Etikan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the association of macular edema (ME) with plasma homocysteine, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Methods Sixty-five diabetic subjects with no retinopathy and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (no DR, without ME, with ME: 16, 25, 24, respectively), 28 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (with and without ME: 14, 14, respectively), and 19 healthy subjects as control were recruited in this cross-sectional study Plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folate levels were determined after 8-hour of fasting for all subjects. The levels of serum homocysteine and vitamin B6 were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection, and the levels of serum vitamin B12 and folic acid were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results When diabetic groups with ME were compared with diabetic groups without ME for homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folic acid, the only significant difference was detected in homocysteine levels (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between NPDR with ME group compared with NPDR without ME group and no DR group for plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folic acid (p=0.200, p=0.660; p=0.999, p=0.678; p=1.0, p=0.248; p=1.0, p=0.982, respectively). On the other hand, when PDR with ME group was compared with PDR without ME group, there was only significant difference in homocysteine levels (p=0.023). Conclusions Mild to moderate elevation of homocysteine may explain the role of vascular dysregulation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with DR. The present study suggests hyperhomocysteinemia may be one of the crucial risk factors for development of ME.

scholarly journals The vitamin B12 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on metformin and not on metformin

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Ramesh Dasarathan ◽  
Rajendran Velayudham ◽  
Haridoss Krishnan ◽  
Senthilkumar S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Metformin Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the major global public health concerns, metformin is one of the most widely used drugs and considered as first-line therapy for management of T2DM. Vitamin B12 malabsorption is observed in patients on metformin therapy leading to biochemical and clinical vitamin B12 deficiency. The aim of the current study was to assess the relationship between metformin therapy and development of vitamin B12 deficiency.Methods: Current observational cross sectional study was conducted at Madras medical college and Rajiv Gandhi Government general hospital. Serum vitamin B12 and other blood investigation parameters of T2DM patients, on metformin therapy for long duration (6 months or more than 2 years) were measured and correlated with vitamin B12 levels of T2DM patients not on metformin therapy. Patients were given appropriate treatment and were regularly followed up.Results: Results of the current study findings depicted that significant difference was observed in percent haemoglobin, total blood cells, platelet count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and albumin values of patients on metformin therapy when compared to patients who were not on metformin therapy. Study findings also revealed that substantial difference in vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in T2DM patients based on the duration of metformin therapy.Conclusions: Current study revealed that, metformin therapy for 2 years or more, can lead to significant vitamin B12 deficiency which is also associated with macrocytosis. It was concluded that longer the duration of metformin therapy, more significant would be vitamin B12 deficiency.

Plasma homocysteine and aminothiol levels in idiopathic epilepsy patients receiving antiepileptic drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
Dilber Çoban Ramazan ◽  
Ülker Anadol ◽  
A. Destina Yalçın ◽  
A. Süha Yalçın
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epileptic Patients

Abstract Objective Homocysteine is a sulfur containing amino acid that is formed during methionine metabolism. Patients under long-term antiepileptic drug treatment often have hyperhomocysteinemia. These patients have low levels of serum folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, all of which are associated with homocysteine metabolism. We have investigated the effects of valproic acid and new generation antiepileptic drugs (lamotrigine and levetiracetam) on plasma levels of homocysteine and aminothiols as well as serum vitamin B12 and folic acid. Materials and methods Forty-seven idiopathic epileptic patients on antiepileptic drugs were compared with 38 age-matched healthy controls. Commercial immunoassay methods were used for vitamin B12 and folic acid analyses. Homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results There was no significant difference in patient and control values in terms of vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine. Valproic acid and lamotrigine seemed to effect aminothiol redox status. Glutathione levels of epileptic patients receiving valproic acid and lamotrigine were higher than controls. Conclusion Our results suggest that redox homeostasis may be impaired and glutathione synthesis increased in response to the oxidative stress caused by antiepileptic drug use.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Polymorphism in PPARG Regulatory Region Associated with Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Italy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Costa ◽  
Amelia Casamassimi ◽  
Katherine Esposito ◽  
Angela Villani ◽  
Mariaelena Capone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Significant Difference

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma polymorphisms have been widely associated with type 2 diabetes, although their role in the pathogenesis of vascular complications is not yet demonstrated. In this study, a cohort of 211 type 2 diabetes, 205 obese, and 254 control individuals was genotyped for Pro12Ala, C1431T, C-2821T polymorphisms, and for a newly identified polymorphism (A-2819G). The above-mentioned polymorphisms were analyzed by gene-specific PCR and direct sequencing of all samples. A significant difference was found for -2819G frequency when patients with type 2 diabetes—particularly diabetic women with the proliferative retinopathy—were compared with healthy control individuals. In conclusion, we identified a novel polymorphism, A-2819G, inPPARGgene, and we found it to be associated with type 2 diabetes and proliferative retinopathy in diabetic females. In the analyzed population, this variant represents a genetic risk factor for developing the diabetic retinopathy, whereas Pro12Ala and C1431T do not.

scholarly journals Relationship between Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy and Pulse Wave Velocity in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumiko Tanaka ◽  
Toshihide Kawai ◽  
Yoshifumi Saisho ◽  
Shu Meguro ◽  
Kana Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives. We investigated the relationship between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and pulse wave velocity (PWV).Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of 689 patients (406 men and 283 women) with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to our hospital from 2004 to 2007. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured by an arterial pressure measurement device as PWV/ABI. Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy was made by ophthalmologists based on the Davis classification: no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), simple retinopathy (SDR), pre-proliferative retinopathy (pre-PDR), and proliferative retinopathy (PDR).Results. There was a significant difference in PWV between patients without diabetic retinopathy (1657.0±417.9 m/s (mean ± SD)) and with diabetic retinopathy (1847.1±423.9 m/s) (P<0.001). In addition, the stage of diabetic retinopathy was associated with aortic PWV (1657.0±417.9 m/s in NDR (n=420),1819.4±430.3 m/s in SDR (n=152),1862.1±394.0 m/s in pre-PDR (n=54), and1901.1±433.5 m/s in PDR (n=63) (P<0.001)).Conclusions. In patients with diabetic retinopathy, even in those with SDR, PWV was higher than that in patients without diabetic retinopathy. Physicians should therefore pay attention to the value of PWV and macroangiopathy regardless of the stage of diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals No Correlation between Serum Progranulin Levels and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese People with Type 2 Diabetes and Normal or Mildly Impaired Renal Function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
haiyan cheng ◽  
lan xu ◽  
ruifang bu ◽  
cheng jiang ◽  
lijun yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Renal Elimination ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Progranulin (PGRN), a novel pro-inflammatory adipokine, was reported to be related to the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR). However, recently PGRN was established as a renal function-dependent protein, but no data regarding PGRN and DR excluded the influence of decreased renal elimination. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum PGRN and DR excluding the effect of deteriorating renal function.Methods: 338 subjects with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 were divided into four groups of normal controls (NC)(n=76), simple diabetes mellitus (SDM)(n=195) , nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR)(n=41), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)(n=26). Serum PGRN was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and further analyses of serum PGRN in different groups were conducted. Results: There was no significant difference of serum PGRN between NC, SDM, NPDR, and PDR groups (P>0.05). Serum PGRN in all subjects negatively and significantly correlated with eGFR (r=-0.144, P<0.05), triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index (r=-0.127, P<0.05), and triglyceride (TG) (r=-0.132, P<0.05), while positively and significantly correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r=0.140, P<0.05). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated only LDL-C (β=1.030, P<0.05) was independently associated with serum PGRN. Conclusions: We demonstrated that serum PGRN levels did not correlate with severity of DR in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and eGFR ≥ 60ml/min/1.73m2, but positively and independently correlated with LDL-C.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SERUM VITAMIN B12 LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS ON METFORMIN THERAPY ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (90) ◽  
pp. 5399-5404
Author(s):  
Anand Kalakappa Koppad ◽  
Gavisiddanagowda Patil ◽  
Basavaraj Devendrappa Baligar ◽  
Varun Bhaktarahalli Renukappa
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Metformin Therapy ◽  
Diabetes Patients
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