scholarly journals Screening of Cervical Cancer by VIA among women in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Nahid Yusuf ◽  
Md Ahmed Ali ◽  
Md Latifur Rahman ◽  
Hasina Akhter ◽  
Jahanara Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cancerous Lesions

Introduction: Visual inspection of cervix after application of 3-5% acetic acid (VIA) is a potential alternative to Pap smear cytology for screening of cervical cancer in resource poor settings. VIA has gained popularity and proven itself in many clinical trials as an adequate screening test. VIA is an attractive alternative to Pap smears for its ease of use, low-cost and fewer physician visits. Currently VIA is done in tertiary level hospitals by trained health care providers to generalize its efficacy.Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of visual inspection based screening approach in the detection of precancerous & early cancerous lesions of the cervix.Materials and Methods: This study was done as a part of an ongoing screening program in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from July 2008 to December 2009. VIA was carried out in 540 eligible women attending Gynae OPD for gynecological problems. The women underwent a complete clinical evaluation. Detection of well-defined, opaque, acetowhite lesion close to squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) or in transitional zone (TZ), well-defined circumferential, acetowhite lesions or dense acetowhitening of ulceroproliferative growth on the cervix constituted a positive VIA. All screened women evaluated by colposcopy and biopsy were taken from colposcopically suspected areas or in cases of VIA negative from different quadrants of the cervix. The final diagnosis was based on histology, which allowed direct estimation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of VIA. Those with CIN I or cancerous lesions diagnosed by histology were considered as true positive.Results: Out of 540 patients screened, 328(61%) were VIA negative and 212(39%) were VIA positive. Out of positive cases 87 (41%)%) seemed to have pathology. Colposcopy yielded normal results in 340 (63%) cases, low grade CIN in 138 (26%) cases, high grade CIN in 44 (8%) cases and cancer in 18 (3%) cases making total 200 cases. Of the 200 (37%) patients with positive colposcopy, 98 (49%) turned out to be negative on histology. There were biopsy proven chronic cervicitis and metaplastic changes in 423 (78%) cases, CIN I in 66 (12%) cases, CIN II in 25 (5%) cases, CIN III/ carcinoma-in-situ in 5 (1%) cases. Eighteen (3%) cases of cervical carcinoma were diagnosed on colposcopy but ultimately 21(21%) cases of invasive cancer were detected on histology. The sensitivity of VIA for biopsy proven CIN I was 74.36%, specificity 75.8%, positive predictive value 41.04%, & negative predictive value 90.85%.Conclusion: VIA can differentiate a normal cervix from a precancerous cervix with reasonable accuracy. Till now a good number of studies had been carried out in different countries of the world and now it is well established that the sensitivity of VIA equaled or exceeded the reported rates for conventional cervical cytology. As it is low cost and simple method, it can be set in any hospital or any health care centre of rural or urban areas of poor resource settings.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 31-37

scholarly journals Visual Inspection Using Acetic Acid (VIA) and Pap’s Smear as Methods of Cervical Cancer Screening: An Experience of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Tahmina Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

Background: National screening programme for cervical cancer has been running in Bangladesh since 2004 through visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA). However, Pap’s smear is also used for the same, where it is available.Objectives: To see the effectiveness of VIA and Pap’s Smear as cervical cancer screening methods.Methods: This prospective study was done on 600 women who attended the outpatient gynaecology clinic and cervical cancer screening programme underwent both VIA and Pap’s smear cytology. Histopathology was taken as gold standard to compare the performance of VIA and cytology (Pap’s smear). Hence, positive cases were further subjected to colposcopy directed biopsy. Then the sensitivity and specificity of VIA and Pap’s smear were compared. The study was done in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, between July and December 2012.Results: On VIA, 46 had aceto-white lesions and on Pap’s smear, 28 had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or worse lesions out of 600 women screened. 22 were positive on both VIA and cytology; 24 were positive on VIA only; and 6 were positive on cytology only. Histological diagnosis of CIN/carcinoma cervix was found in 36 positive cases, who underwent biopsy (n=52). Among them, 20 were picked up from Pap’s smear positive cases, whereas, 34 were VIA positive cases. VIA was found more sensitive (94.44%) than Pap’s smear (55.55%), which was statistically significant (p<0.001). However, the specificity of VIA was slightly lower (97.87%) than that of cytology (98.58%). Positive predictive value (PPV) of VIA was 73.91% for VIA and 71.42% for Pap’s smear, while Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were 9.63% and 97.2% respectively.Conclusion: VIA has got much more sensitivity and slightly lower specificity than that of Pap’s smear in cervical cancer screening.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 03 July’20 Page : 189-193

scholarly journals Visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid as a feasible screening test for cervical neoplasia among women attending at OPD in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Nahid Yusuf ◽  
Md Ahmed Ali ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
Shipra Chaudhury ◽  
Md Zillur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Simple Method

Background: Visual inspection of cervix after application of 3-5% acetic acid (VIA) is a potential alternative to Pap smear cytology for screening of cervical cancer in resource poor settings.Objectives: This study was to evaluate the performance of visual inspection based screening approach in the detection of precancerous and early cancerous lesions of the cervix.Materials & Methods: VIA was carried out in 540 eligible women attending Gynae OPD. Detection of well-defined, opaque, acetowhite lesion close to squamocolumnar junction or in transitional zone of the cervix constituted positive VIA. All screened women evaluated by colposcopy and biopsy were taken from colposcopically suspected areas. The final diagnosis was based on histology.Results: Out of 540 patients, 328 were VIA negative and 212 were VIA positive. Colposcopy showed normal results in 340 cases, low grade CIN in 138 cases, high grade CIN in 44 cases and cancer in 18 cases. There were biopsy proven chronic cervicitis and metaplastic changes in 423 cases, CIN I in 66 cases, CIN II in 25 cases, CIN III / carcinoma-in-situ in 5 cases. The sensitivity of VIA was 74.36%, specificity 70.45%, positive predictive value 41.04%, & negative predictive value 90.85%.Conclusion: VIA can differentiate a normal cervix from a precancerous cervix with reasonable accuracy. As it is low cost and simple method, it can be set in any hospital or any health care centre of rural or urban areas of poor resource settings.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-2, July 2018, Page 56-60

scholarly journals Disease Profile and Death Pattern among the Children Admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Be Nazir Ahmmad ◽  
Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Naznin Parvin ◽  
Md Shamsul Alam ◽  
Shitangshu Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Medical College

Background: Rajshahi medical college hospital is a tertiary care teaching and referral center in the North-West part of Bangladesh. To assess the epidemiological trend in hospital admission, including morbidity and mortality pattern of illness in the pediatric population, it needs to develop effective health care planning, appropriate resource allocation, and integration of existing health care service facilities. Objective: To evaluate the diseases and deaths of children admitted in the department of pediatrics, Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study. The collected case records of all patients admitted in the department of pediatrics from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019 (3 years) were analyzed.  Result: A total of 62000 children were admitted during the mentioned study period. All the patients were distributed into three age groups infant, under five, and more than five, contributing 22%, 27.5%, and 19%, respectively. Acute watery diarrhea (21%), hereditary hemolytic anemia (18%), bronchopneumonia (10.4%), acute gastritis (9.4%), and acute bronchiolitis and wheezy child (7.17%) were the top five diseases in each of the three years of admission. Among the total admitted patients, 1003 (1.61%) patients died. Infant, under five, and more than five age groups constitute 61.3%, 28.1%, and 15.1%, respectively. Encephalitis and fulminant hepatic failure found the top two diseases causing death with a case fatality rate was 61% and 43%, respectively. The next highest case fatality rate was found in acute leukemia (15%). Other common causes of death include meningitis, cerebral palsy with complications (7.5%), bronchopneumonia with complications (3.8%). Conclusion: An admission-related comprehensive evaluation of this study will help to understand the diseases and death patterns of a hospital, leading to the development of more effective planning and case management strategies. TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 55-62

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to assess the operationalization of national tobacco control program in a tertiary level hospital of central India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Rupali Saroshe ◽  
Satish Saroshe ◽  
Sanjay Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

Background: To implement the Anti- Tobacco laws and to sensitize all stakeholders, The National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP) was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India in 2007- 08, during the 11th five year plan. This study aims to identify the level of the awareness of ill health effects of tobacco, the basic tenets of NTCP and COTPA among the hospital staff of the tertiary level medical college hospital (M.Y Hospital Indore) involved in the process.Methods: An analytical study. Was carried out in tertiary level medical college hospital among service providers involved in anti-tobacco cell using inter-personal interview of the service providers (Medical Officers, Staff Nurses, Health Care Personnel) using pre-designed pretested semi structured questionnaire based on the salient features of NTCP and provisions of COTPA- cigarettes and other tobacco products act, 2003.Results: Regarding the ill health effects of tobacco doctors had slightly better knowledge awareness than nurses. However, it was ironical that nurses had a slightly better awareness when it comes to NTCP. Doctors were better aware of new COTPA guidelines as compared to nurses. Thus, nurses had less knowledge about ill effects of tobacco consumption and new COTPA guidelines as compared to doctors.Conclusions: Although most of the health care personnel involved in operationalization of NTCP are aware of the basic tenets of NTCP, COTPA and ill health effects of tobacco there is a dire need of the refresher training of both the doctors and the nurses. Also this type of the present study should be contemplated on multi-centric basis on a larger scale for better data results. 

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Rangpur Medical College Hospital: 11 Years Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mst Moonmoon Begum ◽  
Ferdousi Sultana ◽  
Hasina Ferdousy
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening Program

Background: Prevention of cervical cancer is the easiest with regular screening tests and follow up. CIN is a pre-malignant condition, detection of which is possible by VIA and colposcopy. Objective: To identify the performance of Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Rangpur Medical College Hospital through 11 Years. Methods and materials: Apparently healthy, married or sexually active women (>10 years) and women aged >30 years attending Gynae OPD were included in this study. After counseling and informed consent a speculum examination was performed for direct visualization of cervix to identify the squamo-columner junction. Freshly prepared 5% acetic acid was applied to the cervix for one minute. All the VIA positive women were further evaluated by colposcopy. Women with negative VIA were advised for 3 yearly VIA test. Suspected CIN cases were evaluated by colposcopy guided punch biopsy or LEEP biopsy and histopathology. Results: VIA screening was provided for 11,792 women from August 2005 to August 2016 and 932 (7.9%) were positive VIA. From November 2007 to August 2016, total women underwent colposcopy were 1548. Among them 632 (40.8%) were normal, out of abnormal cases 730 (80.3%) were CIN-1, 147 (16.1%) were CIN-2, 14 (1.5%) were CIN-3, 17 (1.8%) were invasive and 8 (0.5%) were unsatisfactory. From November 2007 to August 2016 punch biopsy was taken in 384 women and total 568 women were treated by LEEP. Conclusion: In a low resource setting like Bangladesh VIA and colposcopy can detect 80% pre-invasive cervical lesion and may be one of the most important tool to prevent cervical cancer and its mortality. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(1) : 11-16

scholarly journals Knowledge and awareness about cervical Cancer and its Prevention among Women Attending at Out patient Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Lutfa Begum Lipi ◽  
Afroza Kutubi ◽  
Mohammed Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Nebedita Shaha ◽  
Nazma Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Patient Department

The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention among women attending at out patient department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. A qualitative study was undertaken using face to face in depth interviews from January 2015 to July 2015 .Among 229 women mean age 34.07±7.92 ,from 18 to 60 years were observed. Awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer was very poor which was about 25.3%. Knowledge was high among women coming from high socioeconomic condition which was 31.5% (p=0.03). Participants who were highly educated had more knowledge about 83.3% (<0.001). Most of the participants about 72.22% got the information from doctors and health service providers. The findings highlights the importance of awareness creation about cervical cancer and its risk factors, screening through utilization of the services of media like television, newspaper and radio which have massive impact in improving the knowledge.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 36-41

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness About Risk Factors of Cervical Cancer, Its Screening and Vaccination Among the Women Attending Chittagong Medical College Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Fahmida Shirin Papri ◽  
Zubaida Khanam ◽  
Fahmida Islam ◽  
Md Monjurul Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening Program

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality amongst the gynaecological cancer in Bangladesh.This study was carried out to assess the knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness of the women towards the cervical cancer screening program and its vaccination in Bangladesh. A cross- sectional interview based study was conducted using a self administered questionnaire between January 1 ,2013 and June 31, 2013 on 508 respondents. Convenience sampling was applied among the women attending at Gynae Out Patient Department (GOPD) of Chittagong Medical College Hospital for VIA (Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid) test. Of the 508 respondents only 211(41.54%) told that they had idea about cervical cancer, while only 114 (22.44%) knew that VIA is the screening test for cervical cancer.A total of 390 (76.77%) respondents did not know any cause of cervical cancer.Most of the respondents (80%) came for VIA due to doctor’s advice.After doing VIA among 229 respondents, 149 (65.07%) told that they had been counseled for the next follow - up by the health professionals and 118 (51.52%) were ready for routine periodic screening.Majority (85.88%) of the respondents were absolutely ignorant about the vaccine of cervical cancer. Age and marital status did not influence their knowledge but the level of education and occupation was found to positively influence their knowledge of cervical cancer and their acceptance of the screening test.This study highlights that majority of women in Bangladesh are not adequately equipped with knowledge concerning cervical cancer. Adequate health information and counseling on cervical cancer and regular screening test need to be emphasized in our country.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (2); Jul 2015; Page 57-60

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