Disease Profile and Death Pattern among the Children Admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

Background: Rajshahi medical college hospital is a tertiary care teaching and referral center in the North-West part of Bangladesh. To assess the epidemiological trend in hospital admission, including morbidity and mortality pattern of illness in the pediatric population, it needs to develop effective health care planning, appropriate resource allocation, and integration of existing health care service facilities. Objective: To evaluate the diseases and deaths of children admitted in the department of pediatrics, Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study. The collected case records of all patients admitted in the department of pediatrics from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019 (3 years) were analyzed. Result: A total of 62000 children were admitted during the mentioned study period. All the patients were distributed into three age groups infant, under five, and more than five, contributing 22%, 27.5%, and 19%, respectively. Acute watery diarrhea (21%), hereditary hemolytic anemia (18%), bronchopneumonia (10.4%), acute gastritis (9.4%), and acute bronchiolitis and wheezy child (7.17%) were the top five diseases in each of the three years of admission. Among the total admitted patients, 1003 (1.61%) patients died. Infant, under five, and more than five age groups constitute 61.3%, 28.1%, and 15.1%, respectively. Encephalitis and fulminant hepatic failure found the top two diseases causing death with a case fatality rate was 61% and 43%, respectively. The next highest case fatality rate was found in acute leukemia (15%). Other common causes of death include meningitis, cerebral palsy with complications (7.5%), bronchopneumonia with complications (3.8%). Conclusion: An admission-related comprehensive evaluation of this study will help to understand the diseases and death patterns of a hospital, leading to the development of more effective planning and case management strategies. TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 55-62

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Disease Profile and Death Pattern Among Children Admitted in a Medical College Hospital

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v36i2.13081 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 66-70

Author(s):

M Shameem Hasan ◽

Sanat Kumar Barua ◽

M Nasiruddin Mahmud ◽

AHM Kamal ◽

M Enayetullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Child Health ◽

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Watery Diarrhea ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Acute Watery Diarrhea

Background: An understanding of epidemiological trend in hospital admissions, including diseases and death pattern, is critical for health care planning, appropriate resource allocation & improving existing services facilities. Objectives: To evaluate the disease and death pattern of children admitted in the department of Child Health, Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), Chittagong. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. The case records of all patients admitted in the department from Jan 1, 2008 to Dec 31, 2010 were analyzed. Result: Total 38,692 children were admitted during this study period; among them total 1897(4.9%) patient died. Infant and under five age groups constitute 45.2% and 75.9% respectively, total admission whereas deaths from the same groups were 43.7% & 79.3% respectively. Bronchopneumonia (22%), acute watery diarrhea (15%), hereditary hemolytic anemia (12%), and bronchiolitis (10%), topped the first four positions in each of the three years of admission. Septicemia and encephalitis, with a case fatality rate of 24% and 35% respectively, were found as top two causes of death. Highest case fatality rate was found in hepatic encephalopathy (54%). Other common causes of death include meningitis (19%), severe malaria (21%), leukemia (22%), severe malnutrition with complications (11%), and congenital heart diseases (12%) Conclusion: Comprehensive evaluation of admission and death related findings of this study will help to determine possible gaps in patient care and planning for more effective case-management strategies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v36i2.13081 Bangladesh J Child Health 2012; VOL 36 (2) : 66-70

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HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF LESIONS OF HYSTERECTOMY SPECIMENS IN GCS MEDICAL COLLEGE, HOSPITALAND RESEARCH CENTER, AHMEDABAD : A STUDY OF 100 CASES

10.36106/ijsr/2320116 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 80-82

Author(s):

Shweta Shah ◽

S.K. Suri ◽

Ami Shah

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Age Groups ◽

Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Research Centre ◽

Age Group ◽

Gynaecological Surgery ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College

Background: Most frequently performed gynaecological surgery is hysterectomy. The prevalence of hysterectomy varies within different regions. There are mainly two types of hysterectomies according to which part of uterus is removed. The main types of hysterectomy are total and subtotal or partial hysterectomy. The hysterectomy can be performed by three routes abdominal, laproscopic and vaginal hysterectomy. The main objective of our study is to know most common pathology and different age groups of the patients underwent hysterectomy. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study was carried during period 6 months, at GCS medical college, hospital and research centre, Ahmedabad. Total 100 hysterectomy specimens were analyzed for histopathological lesions. We had taken the clinical and histopathological findings of these cases from the records of department of pathology, GCS medical college , hospital and research centre. Results: In our study of 100 cases, most common age group underwent hysterectomy was 40-49 years and least common age group was 20-29 years. Type of hysterectomy performed most commonly in this study was total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy. Most of lesions were seen in the myometrium 42 cases (42%), Endometrium 32 cases (32%), Cervix 16 cases (16%) and Ovary 10 cases (10%). Hysterectomy remains the widely used treatment modality.

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Phylogenetic group and serotype of E. coli isolates are important risk factors affecting intensity of colibacillosis in broilers

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-3583 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

S. Kumar ◽

R. Gupta ◽

N. Jindal and Y.C. Bangar

Keyword(s):

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Phylogenetic Group ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

Phylogenetic Groups ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Class 1

The study was conducted on 106 E. coli isolates to determine the phylogenetic group, serotype and carriage of Class 1 integrons in isolates and ascertain their association along with other parameters with vital disease measures in broiler flocks affected with colibacillosis. Out of 32 isolates of which “O” antigen was characterized, serogroup O2 comprising of 12 (37.5%) isolates was most prevalent in the present study. Most of the isolates (85/106; 80.19%) belonged to phylogenetic group B2. Mean apparent morbidity, mortality and case fatality rate (CFR) were 3.77%, 2.32% and 61.49%, respectively. There was significant difference in number of outbreaks reported in different age groups (p less than 0.0001). Also, there was significant association between phylogenetic group and age of outbreak due to E. coli (p=0.024). Comparatively, no significant association was observed between age of outbreaks and serotypes (p=0.980). There was significant association between various disease measures and E. coli isolates affiliated to various phylogenetic groups and serotypes. All the measures (apparent morbidity, mortality and CFR) of disease were highest in outbreaks due to isolates of phylogenetic group B2 and serogroup O20. However, the measures were not significantly affected by the presence of integrons in the E. coli.

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Relationship between Stature and Length of Tendo Achilles in Adult Male and Female of Bangladesh

Delta Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/dmcj.v7i2.45566 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 80-83

Author(s):

Sanjida Amin ◽

Shamim Ara ◽

Rawshon Naznin ◽

Umma Marium ◽

Farah Diba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Age Groups ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Radiology Department ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Medical College ◽

Tendon Thickness ◽

Ankle Flexibility

Background: Tendo Achilles injuries are usually related to poor ankle flexibility and strength and to overuse. Morphology of tendo Achilles is an important tool for its assessment which can be done by measuring tendon thickness, cross-sectional area and length of tendon. Objective: The aim of the study was to correlate length of tendo Achilles with stature in several age groups of sedentary people as measured by ultrasonography. Materials and method: This cross sectional analytical type of study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2013 to June 2014. The present study was performed on 200 tendo Achilles of 100 people (50 male and 50 female) randomly selected from the patients who came to the Radiology department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital for ultrasonography of any region of their body other than leg. Results: In this study length of tendo Achilles was measured in both legs of adult people and was correlated with stature. Highly significant correlation was found between length of tendo Achilles with stature (p<0.001). Conclusion: The data of length of tendo Achilles obtained from the present study may provide valuable information in different aspects of medical science as a guide line for physiotherapists, radiologists, sports professionals and ortho-surgeons in early detection and monitoring of rehabilitation especially of professional athletes. Delta Med Col J. Jul 2019 7(2): 80-83

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A cross sectional study to assess the operationalization of national tobacco control program in a tertiary level hospital of central India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185140 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Rupali Saroshe ◽

Satish Saroshe ◽

Sanjay Dixit

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Tobacco Control ◽

Health Effects ◽

Service Providers ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Health Care Personnel ◽

Family Welfare ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College

Background: To implement the Anti- Tobacco laws and to sensitize all stakeholders, The National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP) was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India in 2007- 08, during the 11th five year plan. This study aims to identify the level of the awareness of ill health effects of tobacco, the basic tenets of NTCP and COTPA among the hospital staff of the tertiary level medical college hospital (M.Y Hospital Indore) involved in the process.Methods: An analytical study. Was carried out in tertiary level medical college hospital among service providers involved in anti-tobacco cell using inter-personal interview of the service providers (Medical Officers, Staff Nurses, Health Care Personnel) using pre-designed pretested semi structured questionnaire based on the salient features of NTCP and provisions of COTPA- cigarettes and other tobacco products act, 2003.Results: Regarding the ill health effects of tobacco doctors had slightly better knowledge awareness than nurses. However, it was ironical that nurses had a slightly better awareness when it comes to NTCP. Doctors were better aware of new COTPA guidelines as compared to nurses. Thus, nurses had less knowledge about ill effects of tobacco consumption and new COTPA guidelines as compared to doctors.Conclusions: Although most of the health care personnel involved in operationalization of NTCP are aware of the basic tenets of NTCP, COTPA and ill health effects of tobacco there is a dire need of the refresher training of both the doctors and the nurses. Also this type of the present study should be contemplated on multi-centric basis on a larger scale for better data results.

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COVID-19 Pandemic: Marked Global Disparities in Fatalities According to Geographic Location and Universal Health Care

International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA) ◽

10.21106/ijma.389 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 213-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Deepa Dongarwar ◽

Hamisu M. Salihu

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Universal Health Coverage ◽

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Geographic Location ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

Health Coverage ◽

Related Case ◽

Universal Health

Since its outbreak, COVID-19 pandemic has been the biggest global concern with exponentially increasing number of cases and associated deaths across all habitable continents. Various countries around the world with their diverse health care systems, have responded to the pandemic in very distinctive ways. In this paper, we: compared COVID-19 mortality rates across global geographic regions; and assessed differences in COVID-19-related case fatality rate (CFR) based on presence or absence of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). We found that as of May 6, 2020, Europe had experienced the highest CFR globally of 9.6%, followed by 5.9% in North America. Although the pandemic originated in Asia, the continent ranked second to the last in terms of CFR (3.5%). Countries with UHC had lower number of cases of 37.6%, but the CFR of countries with UHC was twice that of countries without UHC (10.5% versus 4.9%). In conclusion, UHC does not appear to protect against mortality in a pandemic environment such as with COVID-19. Key words: • COVID-19 • Global disparity • Universal Health Coverage • Case fatality rate Copyright © 2020 Dongarwar and Salihu. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Screening of Cervical Cancer by VIA among women in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.3329/bjog.v28i1.29937 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

Nahid Yusuf ◽

Md Ahmed Ali ◽

Md Latifur Rahman ◽

Hasina Akhter ◽

Jahanara Khanam

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Low Cost ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Low Grade ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Cancerous Lesions

Introduction: Visual inspection of cervix after application of 3-5% acetic acid (VIA) is a potential alternative to Pap smear cytology for screening of cervical cancer in resource poor settings. VIA has gained popularity and proven itself in many clinical trials as an adequate screening test. VIA is an attractive alternative to Pap smears for its ease of use, low-cost and fewer physician visits. Currently VIA is done in tertiary level hospitals by trained health care providers to generalize its efficacy.Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of visual inspection based screening approach in the detection of precancerous & early cancerous lesions of the cervix.Materials and Methods: This study was done as a part of an ongoing screening program in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from July 2008 to December 2009. VIA was carried out in 540 eligible women attending Gynae OPD for gynecological problems. The women underwent a complete clinical evaluation. Detection of well-defined, opaque, acetowhite lesion close to squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) or in transitional zone (TZ), well-defined circumferential, acetowhite lesions or dense acetowhitening of ulceroproliferative growth on the cervix constituted a positive VIA. All screened women evaluated by colposcopy and biopsy were taken from colposcopically suspected areas or in cases of VIA negative from different quadrants of the cervix. The final diagnosis was based on histology, which allowed direct estimation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of VIA. Those with CIN I or cancerous lesions diagnosed by histology were considered as true positive.Results: Out of 540 patients screened, 328(61%) were VIA negative and 212(39%) were VIA positive. Out of positive cases 87 (41%)%) seemed to have pathology. Colposcopy yielded normal results in 340 (63%) cases, low grade CIN in 138 (26%) cases, high grade CIN in 44 (8%) cases and cancer in 18 (3%) cases making total 200 cases. Of the 200 (37%) patients with positive colposcopy, 98 (49%) turned out to be negative on histology. There were biopsy proven chronic cervicitis and metaplastic changes in 423 (78%) cases, CIN I in 66 (12%) cases, CIN II in 25 (5%) cases, CIN III/ carcinoma-in-situ in 5 (1%) cases. Eighteen (3%) cases of cervical carcinoma were diagnosed on colposcopy but ultimately 21(21%) cases of invasive cancer were detected on histology. The sensitivity of VIA for biopsy proven CIN I was 74.36%, specificity 75.8%, positive predictive value 41.04%, & negative predictive value 90.85%.Conclusion: VIA can differentiate a normal cervix from a precancerous cervix with reasonable accuracy. Till now a good number of studies had been carried out in different countries of the world and now it is well established that the sensitivity of VIA equaled or exceeded the reported rates for conventional cervical cytology. As it is low cost and simple method, it can be set in any hospital or any health care centre of rural or urban areas of poor resource settings.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013; Vol. 28(1) : 31-37

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Sero-prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Voluntary Blood Donors of Khulna Medical College Hospital

Bangladesh Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/bmj.v46i2.40212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SM Tushar Alom ◽

Kanak Jyoti Mondal ◽

Shirin Tarafder ◽

Farah Anjum Sonia ◽

Poritosh Kumar Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Donors ◽

Age Groups ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

College Hospital ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Medical College ◽

Disease Markers ◽

Males And Females ◽

Frequent Infection

Transfusion transmitted infections (TTI) are a great concern of safety for patients. Blood transfusion is a lifesaving procedure but always caries a potential risk of infections.The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of infectious disease markers and frequency in males and females of various age groups among healthy blood donors. A retrospective review of donor record over a period of 2 years between 2015 to2016 was done at the department of transfusion medicine Khulna medical college Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh.Among the total 37,266 donors,358(0.96%) donors were infected and therefore not suitable for blood donations.HBV was found to be the most frequent infection with a total frequency of 0.72% followed by TP (0.20%), HCV (0.03%) and HIV (0.01%). None of the blood samples showed positivity for malarial parasite.Majority of the seropositive donors, (47.96%) were in the age group of 26 to 35 years followed by 29.47% in 18 to 25 years’ age group. Bangladesh Med J. 2017 May; 46 (2): 16-21

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Bacteriological Etiology of Flood Affected Diarrhoeal Patients Admitted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Antibiogram of the isolates

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjmm.v2i1.21929 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

Abdur Rahman ◽

Aliya Rashid ◽

Shaheen Ara Begum ◽

Aktheruzzaman Chowdhury ◽

Shahin Ara Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Age Groups ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Aeromonas Species ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

College Hospital ◽

E Coli ◽

Medical College ◽

Almost All

Diarrhoea is a self-limiting disease caused by various enteropathogens and antimicrobial therapy is an important adjunct to fluid therapy in the management of the cases. We have studied the flood-affected diarrhoeal (post-flood diarrhoea) patients admitted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital during August to September, 2007. A total of ll4 faecal samples were collected from the patients of all age groups, and investigated for bacterial enteropathogens. Specimens were cultured in appropriate media and identification of the organisms showing growth was done by relevant biochemical tests. In addition, the isolates of Vbrio cholera wer confirmed using pollvalent antisera. Sensitivity of the isolated organisms was done by disc diffusion method. Among the isolated bacterial enteropathogens, majority was V. cholera (46, 40.3%). Other isolates included Escherichia coli (18, 23.0%), Aeromonas species (8,10.O%) and V parahaemolyticus (5, 7.0%). No pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 27 of the cases. No Salmonella or Shigella was detected in any case. Majority of the cases (24, 52.0%) infected with V cholerae were children having less than L0 years of age. Most of the isolates of V cholerae (77.7%) were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin. Almost all of the V cholerae isolates (97.90 ) were resistant to Tetracycline, followed by Co-trimoxazloe (93,5%) and Nalidixic acid (59.2%). All of the E. coli isolates (100.0%) were sensitive to Ceftriaxone, followed by Ceftazidime (88.8%) and Ciprofloxacin (77.7oh). Thus it can be concluded that Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone can be considered as the drugs ofchoice for the treatment of post-flood diarrhoea along with proper rehydration therapy.Bangladesh J Med Microbiol2008; 02 (01):13-17DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v8i1.21929

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Ten-Year Study of Pediatric Drownings and Near-Drownings in King County, Washington: Lessons in Injury Prevention

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.83.6.1035 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 83 (6) ◽

pp. 1035-1040

Author(s):

Linda Quan ◽

Edmond J. Gore ◽

Kim Wentz ◽

Jill Allen ◽

Alvin H. Novack

Keyword(s):

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Case Fatality ◽

King County ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

Swimming Pools ◽

Older Children ◽

History Of ◽

Water Sports ◽

Preschool Aged Children

The factors associated with submersion events among <20-year-old persons that occurred in King County from 1974 to 1983 were studied to focus prevention efforts. Near-drowning (n = 103) and drowning (n = 96) victims were identified from medical examiners' reports, paramedics' reports, and hospital discharge registers. Annual incidence was 5.5; the mortality rate was 2.6 per 100,000 children. Although preschool-aged children had the largest incidence (12.8), followed by older adolescents (4.9), adolescents had the largest case fatality rate, 77%. Lake and river victims had the largest incidence, mortality, and case fatality rate; swimming pools, the smallest case fatality rate (25%). A total of 89% of all victims had absent or no supervision; victims supervised by lifeguards had a 42% case fatality rate. Prior seizures were part of the history of 7.5% of all victims; 25% of fatal submersions by adolescents were associated with alcohol. Bathtub submersions were associated with child abuse in three of 16 preschool-aged children and epilepsy in four of five older children. Certain age groups and sites combined had the greatest incidence: preschool-aged children in swimming pools, infants in bathtubs, teenagers in lakes and rivers. Incidence decreased in public and semipublic pools coincident with fencing regulations. These findings suggest prevention strategies: extending fencing requirements to private pools, discouraging alcohol consumption during water sports, changing bathing practices of epileptics, and improving lifeguard efficacy.

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