scholarly journals Trace Metal Flux in Water of Buriganga River: A GIS Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moniruzzaman ◽  
B. Saha ◽  
M. S. Shahariar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
Metal Flux ◽  
Buriganga River

The objective of the study was to explore the seasonal variations in the water of Buriganga River with respect to heavy metals contamination. Water samples were collected six times with an interval of two months starting from June 2010 to April 2011. Collection of samples started at the point of 90o20´12"E and 23o46´25"N, continued towards downstream at an interval of 1 km upto 26 km by using GPS and ended at the point of 90o27'36"E and 23o37'50"N. The spatial database of the collected water samples were built with ARCGIS 9.3.1 as the platform of case study of Buriganga River. Six trace metals viz. cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) were analyzed for water from each sampling points to examine the level of contamination whether it exceed or within the permissible limit. The concentrations of trace metals in water samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration range of these trace metals were found 0 to 0.01 mg/L for Cd, 0.46 to 1.19 mg/L for Fe, 0 to 0.38 mg/L for Zn, 0 to 0.074 mg/L for Cu, 0 to 0.098 mg/L for Cr and 0 to 0.074 mg/L for Pb. The study suggested that, concentration of Fe, Cr and Cd in river water were increased during dry season and in some points near Hazaribagh, Zinzira and Sadarghat it crossed the maximum permissible limit for drinking water purposes and irrigation water supply.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i1.10712 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(1), 9-18, 2012 

Investigation of the presence of halogenated bi-products formation in the drinking water network in Tulkarm District / Palestine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Saed Khayat ◽  
Xavier Martinez Lladó ◽  
Basel Natsheh ◽  
Tahseen Sayara ◽  
Nawaf Abu-Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Halogenated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Sampling Points

The problem of pollutants in drinking water networks is neglected in many places all over the developing countries. This problem is normally caused by either direct pollution source such as organic carbon, or from the maceration pollutants of network materials. The heavy metals in the network facilities and the DOC from the wastewater leakage on the formation of toxic by-product in the water network and the rate of halogenated hydrocarbons formation in the drinking water network was studied. Results showed that water has the same constituents of pollutants similar to that before its being stored for relatively long periods. The results showed also that the trend of halogenated hydrocarbons formation is correlated, but not restricted, to the availability of total organic carbons. The amount of CCl2Br and CClBr2 were the highest, which indicate that most of the halogens are originated from natural sources. The Strontium values where the most dominant in all sampling points followed by Barium and Boron, which are the most abundant trace metals normally found in the groundwater in Tulkarm area

Investigation of the presence of halogenated bi-products formation in the drinking water network in Tulkarm District / Palestine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Saed Khayat ◽  
Xavier Martinez Lladó ◽  
Basel Natsheh ◽  
Tahseen Sayara ◽  
Nawaf Abu-Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Halogenated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Sampling Points

The problem of pollutants in drinking water networks is neglected in many places all over the developing countries. This problem is normally caused by either direct pollution source such as organic carbon, or from the maceration pollutants of network materials. The heavy metals in the network facilities and the DOC from the wastewater leakage on the formation of toxic by-product in the water network and the rate of halogenated hydrocarbons formation in the drinking water network was studied. Results showed that water has the same constituents of pollutants similar to that before its being stored for relatively long periods. The results showed also that the trend of halogenated hydrocarbons formation is correlated, but not restricted, to the availability of total organic carbons. The amount of CCl2Br and CClBr2 were the highest, which indicate that most of the halogens are originated from natural sources. The Strontium values where the most dominant in all sampling points followed by Barium and Boron, which are the most abundant trace metals normally found in the groundwater in Tulkarm area

scholarly journals Assessment of Some Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals in Hand-Dug Well Water Samples of Kafta Humera Woreda, Tigray, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kiros Gebremichail Gebresilasie ◽  
Goitom Gebreyohannes Berhe ◽  
Amanual Hadera Tesfay ◽  
Samuel Estifanos Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Dug Well

Groundwater is one of the most important sources of drinking water in Kafta Humera Woreda; hence, it is important to assess the quality of these water sources. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of some physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in hand-dug well water sources of Kafta Humera Woreda. The results showed that the physicochemical concentrations of the hand-dug well water samples were given as follows: temperature, 27.67 ± 0.15 to 28.30 ± 0.25°C; pH, 6.90 ± 0.33 to 8.20 ± 0.36; dissolved oxygen, 5.60 ± 0.06 to 6.2 ± 0.04 mg/L; turbidity, 1.67 ± 0.02 to 1.89 ± 0.03 NTU; EC, 148.50 ± 0.89 to 932.00 ± 0.98 μS/cm; TDS, 105.80 ± 0.62 to 664.28 ± 0.70 mg/L; total hardness, 71.80 ± 3.05 to 295.30 ± 2.38 mg/L; total alkalinity, 75 ± 5.0 to 215 ± 5.0 mg/L; calcium, 12.02 ± 0.82 to 75.88 ± 0.93 mg/L; magnesium, 9.80 ± 0.80 to 25.70 ± 0.17 mg/L; potassium, 0.130 ± 0.003 to 0.86 ± 0.04 mg/L; sodium, 2.20 ± 0.16 to 12.75 ± 0.87 mg/L; chloride, 12.86 ± 0.02 to 42.72 ± 0.20 mg/L; sulfate, 17.24 ± 0.96 to 118.67 ± 0.46 mg/L; phosphate, 0.018 ± 0.005 to 0.020 ± 0.002 mg/L; and nitrate, 1.86 ± 0.03 to 5.43 ± 0.06 mg/L. Generally, the concentrations of most physicochemical parameters of the hand-dug well water samples of Kafta Humera Woreda were within the permissible limit of World Health Organization and Ethiopian Standard Agency guideline for drinking water. The statistical Pearson’s correlation analysis on the water quality parameters revealed that all parameters are more or less correlated with each other. Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids of the water samples were found to be significantly correlated with total hardness (r = 0.989), total alkalinity (r = 0.827), calcium (r = 0.988), magnesium (r = 0.881), sodium (r = 0.995), potassium(r = 0.996), chloride (r = 0.998), sulfate (r = 1), and nitrate ions (r = 0.972). Out of the selected seven heavy metals, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd, and Pb, only iron was detected in all water samples and its concentration was above the permissible limit of WHO and ESA for drinking water. Therefore, the government should adopt some treatment technologies such as sedimentation and aeration to minimize the concentration of iron for safe drinking the water to the community of Kafta Humera Woreda.

scholarly journals Significance of building and plumbing specifics on trace metal concentrations in drinking water

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inderjit Singh ◽  
Donald S. Mavinic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Building Height ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Family House

Samples were taken from 72 high-rise apartment suites (6 suites in 12 individual high-rise towers) and 60 single-family houses located within the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The influence of the following factors on trace metal concentrations in 1-L first-flush drinking water samples and “running” hot water samples was investigated: building height, location, plumbing age, type of plumbing, and type of building. Results of this survey show that with the exception of building height, all factors had a correlation with one or more of the trace metals investigated. The trace metals examined were lead, copper, iron, and zinc. Lead was influenced primarily by building type, copper by plumbing age and type of plumbing, and iron by location. Elevated lead levels were associated with high-rise samples. New copper plumbing systems resulted in high copper levels. Highest iron levels in the drinking water were measured in the East Vancouver location. Zinc did not show a distinct correlation with any of the factors investigated. Brass faucets were the primary source of zinc in tap water. They also contributed substantially to the lead detected in the 1-L first-flush sample. Metal concentrations measured in the high-rise and house samples were compared with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and the proposed “no-action” level for lead. In high-rise samples, the 0.01 mg/L “no-action” level proposed for lead was exceeded in 43% of the samples, and 62% of the samples exceeded the current 1.0 mg/L MCL standard for copper. In single-family house samples, these values were 47% and 73%, respectively. The average lead concentrations were 0.020 mg/L for all high-rise samples and 0.013 mg/L for house samples. Regulatory levels stated above would still be exceeded in 6% of the cases for lead and 9% of the cases for copper, even after prolonged flushing of the tap in a high-rise building. In all cases associated with single-family houses, flushing the cold water tap for 5 minutes was successful in achieving compliance levels. Key words: aggressive water, compliance, corrosive, drinking water, first-flush, GVRD, high-rise, single-family house, trace metals, USEPA.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Water and Sediment: A Case Study of Tembi River

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shanbehzadeh ◽  
Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi ◽  
Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Toba Kiyanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Standard Range

This study was carried out to examine heavy metals concentration in water and sediment of upstream and downstream of the entry of the sewage to the Tembi River, Iran. Samples were collected from upstream and downstream and were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the average concentration of the metals in water and sediment on downstream was more than that of upstream. The comparison of the mean concentrations of heavy metals in water of the Tembi River with drinking water standards and those in the water used for agriculture suggests that the mean concentration of Cu and Zn lies within the standard range for drinking water and the mean concentration of Mn, Zn, and Pb lies within the standard range of agricultural water. The highest average concentration on downstream for Pb in water and for Mn in sediment was 1.95 and 820.5 ppm, respectively. Also, the lowest average concentration on upstream was identified for Cd in water and sediment 0.07 and 10 ppm, respectively. With regard to the results, it gets clear that using the water for recreational purposes, washing, and fishing is detrimental to human health and the environment.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON THE ENVIROMENTAL EFFECT OF LOCAL PRODUCTION METHOD OF ALUMINIUM UTENSIL IN KANO

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Y. I. Yakubu ◽  
I. A. Yola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
S Model ◽  
Concentration Levels

This research investigated the environmental effect of local production methods of aluminium utensils in Bachirawa, Ungogo local government Kano. Three soil samples and two samples of water were collected from sites A, B,C, D and E. The samples were then taken to faculty of agriculture for analysis. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (A A S model No 240 FSAA) was used to determine the concentration levels of heavy metals in the samples. The results show that, the concentration levels of  heavy metals in the soil samples A, B and C are:  Zn ranges between  (1158.13 - 11,117.80)  mg/kg; Mn  between  (285.719 – 1809.672) mg/kg; Cd between (0.026 – 0.540) mg/kg; Cr (0.498 – 0.832) mg/kg and Pb between (42.54 - 285.53) mg/kg. The observed concentration levels in water samples for Zn ranges between (0.2411 – 0.4435)mg/l; Cd between (0.091 – 0.123) mg/l; Cr between (0.015 – 0.022) mg/l; Mn between (0.284 – 0.728) mg/l and Pb between (0.00-0.08) mg/l. Zinc and Manganese have higher concentration levels than the recommended  permissible limit set by European Union (EU) and  United Kingdom(UK)  while Cd, Cr and  Pb have lower concentration levels than the recommended permissible limit set by EU and UK in soil samples  A, B and C. The concentration levels of Mn, Cd and Pb in water samples were higher than the permissible limit set by World Healh Organization (WHO) whereas Zn and Cr have concentrations lower than the recommended permissible limit set by 

scholarly journals Heavy metal levels in drinking water sources of Chingola District, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Hamwiinga ◽  
Chisala D. Meki ◽  
Patricia Mubita ◽  
Hikabasa Halwiindi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Metal Levels

Abstract Background: One of the factors impeding access to safe water is water pollution. Of particular concern is heavy metal contamination of water bodies. This study was aimed at determining the levels of heavy metals in drinking water sources of Chingola District of Zambia. Methods: A cross sectional study was employed. A total of 60 water samples were collected. Thirsty (30) samples were collected in the dry season in the month of October 2016 and another 30 in the wet season in the months of February and March, 2017. For each season 10 water samples were collected from each of the three water sources. i.e. Tap water, Urban ground water sources and Rural ground water sources. Heavy metal analysis was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Results: This study revealed that the concentrations of Iron, Manganese, Lead, Nickel and Arsenic were beyond maximum permissible levels in various water sources. Combined averages for both dry and wet seasons were as follows: Iron: 2.3, Copper: 0.63, Cobalt: 0.02, Manganese: 0.36, Lead: 0.04, Zinc:3.2, Nickel: 0.03, Arsenic: 0.05. Chromium and Cadmium were below detection limit in all water samples. The median concentrations of iron, arsenic, copper, manganese in drinking water from the Tap, rural and urban ground water sources were different, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The median concentrations of arsenic, nickel, manganese and cobalt were different between dry and wet season, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Sources of heavy metals in water seems to be both natural and from human activities. The concentration of heavy metals in different water sources in this study was found to be above the recommended levels. This calls for improvement in water monitoring to protect the health of the public. Therefore, there is need for continuous monitoring of heavy metals in drinking water sources by regulatory authorities.

scholarly journals Metalliferous content of drinking water and sediments in storage tanks of some schools in Erbil city, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawraz Sami Khalid ◽  
Hoshyar Saadi Ali ◽  
Dhary Almashhadany
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality Indices

The present study was conducted to evaluate the quality of drinking water in randomly selected schools in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The water quality indices such as the Heavy metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Heavy metal Evaluation Index (HEI) were applied to characterize water quality. Eighteen schools were incorporated and sampled for their water storage tanks available to students. Water samples and sediment samples from tanks floor were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer for the determination of twenty-two metal elements. In drinking water samples, all detected metals did not exceed the permissible limits of the World Health Organization. The results of this study showed that the average values of HPI and HEI for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni, and Zn were 54.442 and 0.221, respectively. According to data of the water quality indices, the schools drinking water quality are good and suitable for drinking in terms of heavy metals. However, sediments samples contained high concentrations of all elements including the toxic heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, and Pb). Re-suspension of sediments into water column after refilling storage tanks can pose a serious threat to students drinking water from such vessels. It is therefore recommended that proper storage tanks are provided to the schools accompanied by continuous sanitation and hygiene practice to mitigate the corrosion of tanks to avoid health risks of toxic metal

scholarly journals Quality changes of drinking water in the water supply network (case study from Lithuania)

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Marina Valentukeviciene ◽  
Aukse Amosenkiene ◽  
Regimantas Dauknys
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Well Field ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Quality changes of drinking water in the water supply network (case study from Lithuania) The purpose of this research was to examine water quality changes by distributing in to the water supply network. Water samples were collected from Varena town (Lithuania) drinking water distribution system fed by groundwater from well field. Parameters related to undesirable increasing of nitrites and nitrates concentrations have been measured considering these samples: pH, conductivity, concentration of total iron, manganese, ammonium, nitrates and nitrites. Results showed that groundwater from well field were extremely susceptible to favor bacterial growth in the pipelines. The occurrence of nitrites and nitrates in drinking water samples correlated positively with the lengths of old iron pipelines and negatively with the content of newly laid pipelines. The obtained results also showed that the potential nitrates increasing induced by the distribution of treated water could be reduced if: nitrates levels were below detection limits at the outlet of the water treatment plant; biological ammonium removal treatment implementation should reduce the levels of the nitrates and nitrites of the treated supplied water. Although the nitrates concentration increase in drinking water distribution systems, the issues with nitrites accumulation are rare in Lithuania. However, such processes still need to be proved in more extensive investigation, but these research results could be applied as a basic scenario.

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