IN VITRO ACARICIDAL EFFECTS OF SOME INDIGENOUS PLANTS AGAINST BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS (ARACNIDA: IXODIDAE)

In vitro efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica), bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper), ata (Annona retirulata), sharifa (A. squamosa) and durba ghas (Cynodon dactylon) against Boophilus microplus (tropical cattle tick) was tested during the period from July to December 2004 in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. To prepare the paste, aqueous and ethanol extracts, the leaves of neem, bishkatali, ata, sharifa and leaves along with stem of durba ghas were used. Three different types of preparation of plant materials such as paste, aqueous extracts and ethanol extracts were applied in three methods such as thin layer of paste, as spray and as impregnated filter paper (IFP). Extracts were used in 0.5%, 1 % and 2% concentrations and the percent mortality of the ticks were recorded at 12, 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Among them, ethanol extract of ata at 2% concentration showed highest efficacy (100%) followed by aqueous extract of bishkatali (93.33%) at same concentrations and ethanol extract of ata (93.33%) at 1% concentration in spray on method. Among the various methods of application "spray on" method was found to be most effective followed by paste and impregnated filter paper. On the other hand, among the preparations ethanol extract was found to be more efficacious incase of ata plant only. From the study, it is revealed that ata and bishkatali have great acaricidal value against B. microplus.

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Larvicidal potential of Sapindus saponaria to control the cattle tick Boophilus microplus

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2005001200013 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (12) ◽

pp. 1243-1245 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽

Edméia de Paula e Souza Freitas ◽

Anna Carolina da Costa ◽

Ionizete Garcia da Silva

Keyword(s):

Filter Paper ◽

Test Group ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Lethal Concentration ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Control Group ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Sapindus Saponaria

The objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal potential of a crude ethanol extract (CEE) of soapberry Sapindus saponaria stem peel on the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Tick larvae obtained by incubating engorged females, collected from naturally infested cattle, were placed in envelopes of filter paper impregnated with different concentrations of CEE in the test group, and distilled water in the control group. Four repetitions were made with each solution (n>120). Mortality was observed after 48 hours. Lethal concentration values of 1,258 ppm (LC50) and 6,360 ppm (LC99) were obtained.

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Studies on medicinal plants against gastroinstestinal nematodes of goats

Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2333 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 179-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

MA Sujon ◽

M Mostofa ◽

MS Jahan ◽

AR Das ◽

S Rob

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Variable Degree ◽

Indigenous Plants ◽

Significant Efficacy ◽

Ethanol Extracts

A detailed investigation was performed with the aim to find out the indigenous medicinal plants having anthelminthic action. Ten (10) indigenous medicinal plants were primarily selected and the ethanol extracts were prepared for anthelminthic trial and determination of anthelminthic properties in vitro and in vivo against the gastro-instestinal nematodes in goat during the period from July 2006 to December 2006. Screening of ethanol extracts of selected plants showed the anthelmintic activity against gastrointestinal nematodes at lower concentration (50 mg/ml). In vivo screening (by oral administration) of four plant extracts (ethanol) showed variable degree of efficacy in experimentally infected goats, as measured by faecal egg count reduction test. A relatively higher efficacy was recorded in ethanol extract of neem treated animals in comparison to other plants extracts. Ethanol extracts of korolla also showed significant efficacy. The results obtained in this study showed that ethanol extract of Labanga, Neem, Karolla and Pineapple at the dose of 100mg/kg showed a significant and potent antinematodal effect. These findings indicate that the adult gastrointestinal nematodes are more vulnerable to selected indigenous plants. Within these ten (10) plants 4 showed more than 70% efficacy at a concentration of 100mg/mkg. Key words: Medicinal plants, anthelmintics, nematodes, fecal egg count, goat doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2333 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 179-183

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In vitro efficacy of some indigenous plants on the inhibition of development of eggs of Ascaridia galli (Digenia: Nematoda)

Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2330 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 159-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

KR Islam ◽

T Farjana ◽

N Begum ◽

MMH Mondal

Keyword(s):

Carica Papaya ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Aqueous Ethanol ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

In Vitro Screening ◽

Ascaridia Galli ◽

Indigenous Plants ◽

Polygonum Hydropiper ◽

Methanol Extracts

In vitro efficacy of five indigenous plants namely Bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Korolla (Momordica charantia) and Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) were studied against the development of Ascaridia galli eggs from July 2007 to May 2008. Fresh juice, extracts and dust of leaves were tested. Fresh juice of leaves were trialed at 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations; aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts were used at 1%, 2% and 4% concentrations and dusts of leaves were applied at 10% and 20% concentration. Among the trials, 4% of methanol extracts of papaya showed the highest efficacy (92.86%) followed by 4% ethanol extract of papaya (92%). Among the selected plants and in all three concentrations of fresh juice of leave, Bishkatali (88.46% at 20% conc.) was the highest effective plant against the development of A. galli eggs. Papaya showed the highest efficacy (71.42%) in 1% aqueous solution, but bishkatali was found as the best (73.33% and 83.33% respectively) in 2% and 4% concentration of ethanol extract of the five selected plants. In vitro screening of 5 plants with ethanol extract revealed that papaya was the highest efficacious plant (92% at 4% conc.) against development of A. galli eggs. Among the plants, in all concentrations of methanol extract of leaves, papaya was observed as best plant (92.86%, 88% and 78.95% at 4%, 2% and 1% of conc. respectively) followed by bishkatali (80% and 75% at 4% and 2% of conc. respectively) and neem (78.57% and 73.08% at 4% and 2% conc. respectively). In two concentrations of dust of leaves, bishkatali was observed as the effective plant (75% at 20% and 73.33% at 10% conc.) among the five plants. The present study suggests that dust of bishkatali leaves can be used with litter for inhibition of development of A. galli eggs and fresh juice and extract of bishkatali, neem and papaya may be impregnated in litter and used after sun dry. Key words: In vitro efficacy, indigenous plants, development, Ascaridia galli eggs doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2329 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 159-167 Â Â

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Acaricide activity of leaves extracts of Sambucus australis Schltdl. (Caprifoliaceae) at 2% on engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782011005000142 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (12) ◽

pp. 2159-2163 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽

Andréia Buzatti ◽

Felipe Lamberti Pivoto ◽

Luís Antônio Sangioni ◽

Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Folk Medicine ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Immersion Test ◽

Tick Control ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Active Metabolites ◽

Parasite Infections

Parasite infections caused by Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus are responsible for the most of economic losses in producing-cattle countries in tropical and subtropical areas. Indiscriminate uses of chemical acaricides have contributed with the appearance of tick resistance to many drugs available in the marketplace, and it is a serious problem in the tick control. Flowers of Sambucus australis (South America), called "sabugueiro-from-Brazil", are used on infusions or decoctions forms in the folk medicine with diuretic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and laxative purpose, also employed for treating respiratory diseases in human. The main goal of this study was to evaluate in vitro potential of S. australis leaves extracts as an acaricide agent. Ethanol extract at 70% has been dehydrated and a fraction was suspended in 70% ethanol or in distillated water at final concentration of 2% (0.2mg-1). Using the immersion test of engorged females the efficiency results were obtained in 34% and 66% with the leaves extract diluted in water and 70% ethanol, respectively. This study is the first report on acaricidal activity of S. australis against cattle tick. Further studies to determine the active metabolites in different stages of S. australis could aid to identify suitable extracts to be tested in the R. (B.) microplus control.

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Evaluation of Snake Venom’s PhospholipaseA2 Enzyme Inhibition Activity of Cyphostemma adenocoule

Current Chemical Biology ◽

10.2174/2212796814999200917114914 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 196-202

Author(s):

Atul Kaushik ◽

Teamrat S. Tesfai ◽

Daniel K. Barkh ◽

Furtuna K. Ghebremeskel ◽

Habtom G. Zerihun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Inhibition ◽

Snake Venom ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Snake Bites ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Background: A snake bite is fundamentally an injury often resulting in puncture wounds meted out by the animal's fangs and occasionally resulting in envenomation. Rate of snake bites around 5,400,000 bites per year leads to over 2,500,000 envenomings and around 125,000 fatal cases annually. Snake venom enzymes are rich in metalloproteinases, phospholipaseA2, proteinases, acetylcholinesterases and hyaluronidases. Objective: Cyphostemma adenocoule is traditionally being used for the treatment of snake bites in Eritrea. The present research was aimed at evaluating the snake venom enzyme inhibition activity of C. adenocoule against puff adder venom and developing a base for the traditional use of the plant against snakebites in Eritrea. Methods: The anti-venom activity of C. adenocoule was assessed in-vitro through phospholipaseA2 enzyme inhibition assay using egg yolk as a cell. The ethanol and chloroform extracts of C. adenocoule showed in vitro anti phospholipase A2 activity, whereas the water extracts of the plant showed no activity. Results: Among the extracts of C. adenocoule, the highest percentage of inhibition was obtained from chloroform extract (95.55% at 100mg/ml). The extract showed prominent activity at different concentrations (34.7% at10mg/ml, 48.8% at 20mg/ml, 54.8% at 40mg/ml, 60.9% at 60mg/ml, 80.5% at 80mg /ml). The ethanol extract also showed certain activity at various concentrations (25.22% at10mg/ml, 14.78% at 20mg/ml, 2.6% at40mg/ml). The activity of the chloroform extracts increases as concentration increases, whereas the activity of the ethanol extracts decreases as concentration increases. The aqueous extract of C. adenocoule did not show any activity at all concentrations. Conclusion: In this study, the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the plant inhibited the enzyme of interest and thus proved the efficacy of anti-snake venom activity of the plant.

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In vitro activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides against engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico ◽

10.1590/1808-1657000222016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 84 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Eduardo Oliveira ◽

Manoela da Silva ◽

Lew Sprenger ◽

Daniela Pedrassani

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Distilled Water ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽

Cattle Ticks

ABSTRACT: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, known as the cattle tick, is a cause of great economic losses for dairy cattle farming because of its high frequency of occurrence and the difficulty in controlling it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides extract on R. (B.) microplus. For this purpose, 125 females were selected and classified into five groups according to their weight, in order to ensure that the females used presented homogeneous weight. The treatments comprised 40 and 60% extracts of Chenopodium ambrosioides, distilled water, ethanol (70ºGL) and 12.5% amitraz. The extracts of C. ambrosioides (40 and 60%) showed effectiveness of 99.7 and 100% and higher percentages of dead females than the other treatments: 64 and 96%, respectively (p<0.001). In the groups exposed to distilled water and ethanol (70º GL), 92 and 88% of the females maintained oviposition. In the females exposed to 40 and 60% extracts, oviposition of 36 and 4% occurred, respectively. It was concluded that the extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides, at both concentration evaluated, had high efficiency against engorged females of cattle ticks.

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Reduced bioavailability of cyclosporine A in rats by mung bean seed coat extract

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502014000300019 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 591-597

Author(s):

Xiping Li ◽

Ping Gao ◽

Chengliang Zhang ◽

Tao Wu ◽

Yanjiao Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Cyclosporine A ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Bean Seed ◽

Ionization Source ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

T Values

Mung bean seed coat (MBSC) is a healthcare product in Asian countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an MBSC ethanol extract on the bioavailability of cyclosporine A (CsA) in rats. Rats were orally dosed with CsA alone or in combination with MBSC ethanol extracts (500 mg/kg, p.o.). The blood levels of CsA were assayed by liquid chromatography with an electrospray ionization source and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The everted rat intestinal sac technique was used to determine the influence of MBSC on the absorption of CsA. The results reveal that combined CsA intake with MBSC decreased the Cmax, AUC0-t, t1/2z and MRT0-t values of CsA by 24.96%, 47.28%, 34.73% and 23.58%, respectively (P<0.05), and significantly raised the CL/F by 51.97% (P<0.01). The in vitro results demonstrated that significantly less CsA was absorbed (P<0.05). The overall results indicate that after being concomitantly ingested, MBSC reduced the bioavailability of CsA, at least partially, in the absorption phase.

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In vitro diagnosis of resistance of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus to fipronil in Argentina

Experimental and Applied Acarology ◽

10.1007/s10493-020-00554-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 397-403

Author(s):

Jorgelina Torrents ◽

Nicolás Morel ◽

Maria V. Rossner ◽

Norberto C. Martínez ◽

José R. Toffaletti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

In Vitro Diagnosis

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In-vitro Control of Oral Thrush Causal Organisms Using Medicinal Plants Extracts

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb11310443 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 376-382

Author(s):

Abosede M. EBABHI ◽

Adedotun A. ADEKUNLE ◽

Yoma I. OGHENERHABOKE

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Test Organisms ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Oral Thrush ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Oral hygiene is important to the generality of the human healthcare system. For this, the antifungal activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of four medicinal plants of Jatropha curcas (stem), Eucaluptus golbulus (leaves), Vernonia amygdalina (stem) and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (root) were carried out in vitro against three species of Candida associated with oral thrush namely C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis using the disc diffusion agar assay. The zones of inhibition varied with the test organisms as well as the extracts. The ethanolic extract of Jatropha curcas showed the highest zone of inhibition of 10.88 ± 0.22 mm against C. albicans while the least zone of inhibition (6.13 ± 0.13 mm) was exhibited by the ethanol extract of Z. zanthoxyloides on C. glabrata. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannin, saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids and reducing sugar in all plant samples. This study can be further used as a foundation for the screening of phytochemical constituents by pharmaceuticals for the control and eradication of oral thrush.

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