scholarly journals In vitro efficacy of some indigenous plants on the inhibition of development of eggs of Ascaridia galli (Digenia: Nematoda)

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Islam ◽  
T Farjana ◽  
N Begum ◽  
MMH Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper ◽  
Methanol Extracts

In vitro efficacy of five indigenous plants namely Bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Korolla (Momordica charantia) and Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) were studied against the development of Ascaridia galli eggs from July 2007 to May 2008. Fresh juice, extracts and dust of leaves were tested. Fresh juice of leaves were trialed at 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations; aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts were used at 1%, 2% and 4% concentrations and dusts of leaves were applied at 10% and 20% concentration. Among the trials, 4% of methanol extracts of papaya showed the highest efficacy (92.86%) followed by 4% ethanol extract of papaya (92%). Among the selected plants and in all three concentrations of fresh juice of leave, Bishkatali (88.46% at 20% conc.) was the highest effective plant against the development of A. galli eggs. Papaya showed the highest efficacy (71.42%) in 1% aqueous solution, but bishkatali was found as the best (73.33% and 83.33% respectively) in 2% and 4% concentration of ethanol extract of the five selected plants. In vitro screening of 5 plants with ethanol extract revealed that papaya was the highest efficacious plant (92% at 4% conc.) against development of A. galli eggs. Among the plants, in all concentrations of methanol extract of leaves, papaya was observed as best plant (92.86%, 88% and 78.95% at 4%, 2% and 1% of conc. respectively) followed by bishkatali (80% and 75% at 4% and 2% of conc. respectively) and neem (78.57% and 73.08% at 4% and 2% conc. respectively). In two concentrations of dust of leaves, bishkatali was observed as the effective plant (75% at 20% and 73.33% at 10% conc.) among the five plants. The present study suggests that dust of bishkatali leaves can be used with litter for inhibition of development of A. galli eggs and fresh juice and extract of bishkatali, neem and papaya may be impregnated in litter and used after sun dry. Key words: In vitro efficacy, indigenous plants, development, Ascaridia galli eggs doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2329 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 159-167   

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Alimpic ◽  
Mariana Oaldje ◽  
V. Matevski ◽  
P.D. Marin ◽  
Sonja Duletic-Lausevic
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

This study was designed to examine the in vitro antioxidant DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, and the total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanol and methanol extracts of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. in the whole plant and different parts, leaves, stems and flowers. The largest amounts of extract yield were obtained from the flowers, 14.14% and 12.00 % (w/w) in the ethanol of methanol extracts, respectively. The ethanol extract of leaves (16.07 ?g/ml) and methanol extract of the whole plant (21.28 ?g/ml) showed the highest activity against the DPPH radical. The ethanol extract of the leaves was the richest in phenols (222.40 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (49.81 mg QE/g), whereas the methanol extract of the whole plant contained the highest amount of phenolics (180.89 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (38.15 mg QE/g). A very strong linear correlation between antioxidant activity and the phenolic content of the extracts was established. The obtained results suggest that S. amplexicaulis could be regarded as an important source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ACARICIDAL EFFECTS OF SOME INDIGENOUS PLANTS AGAINST BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS (ARACNIDA: IXODIDAE)

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
L Nahar ◽  
Anisuzzaman . ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
MJ Karim ◽  
KI Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

In vitro efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica), bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper), ata (Annona retirulata), sharifa (A. squamosa) and durba ghas (Cynodon dactylon) against Boophilus microplus (tropical cattle tick) was tested during the period from July to December 2004 in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. To prepare the paste, aqueous and ethanol extracts, the leaves of neem, bishkatali, ata, sharifa and leaves along with stem of durba ghas were used. Three different types of preparation of plant materials such as paste, aqueous extracts and ethanol extracts were applied in three methods such as thin layer of paste, as spray and as impregnated filter paper (IFP). Extracts were used in 0.5%, 1 % and 2% concentrations and the percent mortality of the ticks were recorded at 12, 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Among them, ethanol extract of ata at 2% concentration showed highest efficacy (100%) followed by aqueous extract of bishkatali (93.33%) at same concentrations and ethanol extract of ata (93.33%) at 1% concentration in spray on method. Among the various methods of application "spray on" method was found to be most effective followed by paste and impregnated filter paper. On the other hand, among the preparations ethanol extract was found to be more efficacious incase of ata plant only. From the study, it is revealed that ata and bishkatali have great acaricidal value against B. microplus.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND PHOTOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF CARICA PAPAYA FRUITS

2019 ◽  
pp. 308-310
Author(s):  
SEOW LAY JING ◽  
KHOR POH YEN ◽  
GOURI KUMAR DASH
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Powder

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant and photoprotective effects of Carica papaya fruits using spectrophotometric methods. Methods: The dried fruit powder of C. papaya was extracted separately in methanol, ethanol, and distilled water for 2 days on a constant heating water bath at 60°C. The extracts were concentrated under vacuum using a rotary evaporator and separately dried in a desiccator to yield the methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts. Proximate analysis of the fruit powder such as determination of ash values, loss on drying, and extractive values was performed as per the World Health Organization guidelines. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method and compared with ascorbic acid. The photoprotective effect was evaluated by the spectrophotometric method. Results: Our results revealed the total phenolic content 59.7±1.15 for methanol extract, 56.1±0.33 for ethanol extract, and 64.4±1.95 for the aqueous extract μg/ml of gallic acid equivalent. The level of flavonoids, expressed in quercetin equivalents in μg/ml, of methanol extract was of 79.3±0.61, ethanol extract 66.3±0.13, and aqueous extract 23.9±0.26, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was found superior to ascorbic acid that was used as the standard for activity comparison. The results of sun protection factor (SPF) in vitro study demonstrated comparable SPF in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: The flavonoids and phenolic compounds present in the extracts could be responsible by the photoprotective effect of C. papaya.

scholarly journals In Vitro Efficacy of Aqueous and Methanol Extract of Cassia siamea Against the Motility of Caenorhabditis elegans

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Haladu Ali Gagman ◽  
Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzauddin Nik Him ◽  
Hamdan Ahmad ◽  
Shaida Fariza Sulaiman ◽  
Rahmad Zakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Cassia Siamea ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Significant Difference

Gastrointestinal nematode infections can cause great losses in revenue due to decrease livestock production and animal death. The use of anthelmintic to control gastrointestinal nematode put a selection pressure on nematode populations which led to emergence of anthelmintic resistance. Because of that, this study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of aqueous and methanol extract of Cassia siamea against the motility of C. elegans Bristol N2 and C. elegans DA1316. Caenorhabditis elegans Bristol N2 is a susceptible strain and C. elegans DA1316 is an ivermectin resistant strain. In vitro bioassay of various concentrations of (0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 2.0 mg mL–1) aqueous and methanol extracts of C. siamea was conducted against the motility of L4 larvae of C. elegans Bristol N2 and C. elegans DA1316. The L4 larvae were treated with 0.02 μg mL–1 of ivermectin served as positive control while those in M9 solution served as negative control. The activity of the extracts was observed after 24 h and 48 h. A significant difference was recorded in the extract performance compared to control at (P < 0.001) after 48 h against the motility of the larvae of both strains. The methanol extracts inhibited the motility of C. elegans Bristol N2 by 86.7% as well as DA1316 up to 84.9% at 2.0 mg mL–1 after 48 h. The methanol extract was more efficient than aqueous extract (P < 0.05) against the motility of both strains of C. elegans. Cassia siamea may be used as a natural source of lead compounds for the development of alternative anthelmintic against parasitic nematodes as well ivermectin resistant strains of nematodes.

scholarly journals EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI LABU KUNING (CUCURBITA MOSCHATA DUCHESNE) SEBAGAI ANTELMINTIK PADA CACING GELANG (ASCARIDIA GALLI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Noni Zakiah ◽  
Vonna Aulianshah ◽  
T. Maulana Hidayatullah ◽  
Faridah Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds

Kegunaan labu kuning di Indonesia masih sebatas daging buah yang dapat diolah menjadi panganan seperti kue basah, kolak dan sayur berkuah. Secara empiris, biji labu kuning telah digunakan untuk mengatasi cacingan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui mortalitas cacing gelang (Ascaridia galli) dalam ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor Ascaridia galli yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok I kontrol negatif menggunakan larutan NaCl fisiologis, kelompok II kontrol positif menggunakan larutan pirantel pamoat 0,5 %, kelompok III, IV dan V berturut-turut menggunakan 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml dan 100 mg/ml ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning. Parameter penelitian ini ditentukan dengan melihat persentase nilai skor pasca inkubasi 12 jam, 24 jam, dan 36 jam. Skor 3 diberikan apabila seluruh tubuh Ascaridia galli bergerak, skor 2 diberikan jika hanya sebagian tubuh Ascaridia galli bergerak, skor 1 jika Ascaridia galli diam tetapi masih hidup, dan skor 0 apabila Ascaridia galli mati. Hasil uji in vitro dengan perlakuan 25 mg/ml ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning menyebabkan kematian 3 ekor Ascaridia galli  atau 60% pasca inkubasi 36 jam, sedangkan ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning dengan perlakuan 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml dan kelompok kontrol positif mengakibatkan kematian 4 ekor Ascaridia galli atau 80% pasca inkubasi 36 jam. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) dosis 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, dan 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dalam waktu 36 jam mampu mengakibatkan mortalitas Ascaridia galli. The use of yellow pumpkin in Indonesia is still limited to fruit meat that can be processed into snacks such as soggy cakes, porridge and vegetable soup. This research was conducted to determine the mortality of Ascaridia galli in ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). This study used 25 Ascaridia galli which were divided into 5 groups, group I was negative control using physiological NaCl solution, group II was positive control using 0.5% pirantel pamoate solution, group III, IV and V respectively used 25 mg / ml, 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds. The parameters of this study were determined by looking at the percentage of post-incubation scores 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. A score of 3 is given if the whole body of Ascaridia galli moves, a score of 2 is given if only part of the body of Ascaridia galli moves, a score of 1 if Ascaridia galli is still but still alive, and a score of 0 if Ascaridia galli dies. In vitro test results with 25 mg/ml ethanol extract of pumpkin seeds caused 3 deaths of Ascaridia galli or 60% after incubation for 36 hours, while ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds treated with 50 mg / ml, 100 mg/ml and positive control group resulting in the death of 4 Ascaridia galli or 80% after 36 hours incubation. From the results of the study concluded that the ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) doses of 25 mg / ml, 50 mg / ml, and 100 mg / ml in vitro within 36 hours can lead to Ascaridia galli mortality.

In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Polygonum hydropiper methanol extract

2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Yang ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Hyun-Jae Jang ◽  
Se Eun Byeon ◽  
Song-Yi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Hypotensive and diuretic activities of aqueous-ethanol extract of Asphodelus tenuifolius

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Aslam ◽  
Khalid Hussain Janbaz ◽  
Qaiser Jabeen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Isolated Aorta ◽  
Dose Dependent

<p class="Abstract">In order to rationalize the traditional uses of <em>Asphodelus </em>tenuifolius in cardiovascular complaints, aqueous-ethanol extract of the plant was investigated for hypotensive and diuretic activities using <em>in vivo</em> and in vitro models. Intravenous administration of the extract in anesthetized rats produced 14.5 (95% CI; 13.3–15.6), 24.5 (95% CI; 21.3-27.9) and 35.3% (95% CI; 32.0–42.5)  fall in mean arterial blood pressure at the doses of 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. The extract increased the urine volume and electrolytes excretion significantly at the doses of 300 and 500 mg/kg in rats. In rabbit’s isolated aorta preparations, the extract, like verapamil, relaxed K<sup>+ </sup>(80 mM)-induced contractions more potently than phenylephrine (1 µM)–induced contractions, indicating Ca<sup>2+</sup> antagonistic activity. The extract produced dose-dependent stimulant followed by depressant effects in spontaneously contracting rabbit’s paired atria preparations. The results suggest that the extract of <em>A. </em>tenuifolius has hypotensive and diuretic effects in animals.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Anthelmintic Activity Ethanol Extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves Against Ascaridia galli In Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Vanna Lidya Kharisma ◽  
Setiawan Koesdarto ◽  
Koesnoto Supriandono ◽  
Lucia Tri Suwanti ◽  
Sri Agus Sudjarwo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

The aims of this research are to determine concentration, exposure time, interaction between concentration and exposure time of ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves to cause death toward Ascaridia galli in vitro, and the value of LC50 and LC90 ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves. Research design that has been used in the research was completely randomized design. This research used 200 samples of Ascaridia galli with length 7-11 cm without differentiating their sex. The concentration ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves were 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%. The control was using CMC-Na 0.5%. Each treatment then being replicated four times. The observation and recording of dead worm were done at 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. Ascaridia galli were declared dead if there was no movement while disturbed by anatomy tweezers and dipped in slightly warm water (50ºC). The obtained data was analyzed using Anova Factorial and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test by SPSS for Windows 22. The result were 10% concentration and exposure time for 24 hours caused the most mortality toward Ascaridia galli. Interaction between concentration and exposure time resulted 10% concentration ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves in 24 hours caused the most mortality towards Ascaridia galli. Probit analysis was used to calculate the LC50 and LC90 of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves. The results were LC50 ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves at 6 hours was 14.8%, at 12 hours was 4.8% and at 24 hours was 3.0% and the LC90 at 24 hours was 9.1%.

STUDY OF IN VITRO ANTI-OXIDANT AND ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY BY MUSSAENDA MACROPHYLLA ROOT EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
DEEPAK SHRESTHA ◽  
JITENDRA PANDEY ◽  
CHIRANJIBI GYAWALI ◽  
MAHESH LAMSAL ◽  
SUNITA SHARMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Glucose Diffusion ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Objective: The systematic study of effective alternative anti-diabetic drugs has great importance to manage diabetes as well as other oxidative stress-related diseases. According to previous research, root and bark of Mussaenda macrophylla plant has anti-microbial, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activity. Ethnomedicinal data shows that Mussaenda macrophylla is used to treat diabetes as well as oxidative stress. The objective of this research is to investigate in vitro anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity of root extract of Mussaenda macrophylla. Methods: DPPH free radical scavenging assay was used to detect anti-oxidant potency of ethanol and methanol root extract of the plant and expressed as % of radicle inhibition. Anti-diabetic activity was determined by the glucose diffusion method using a glucose oxidase kit and results were expressed as mean±SD. Results: The ethanol root extract at the concentration of 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml showed better glucose diffusion inhibition than that of methanol extract at the same concentration on increasing time interval. Ethanol extract at the concentration 100 µg/ml displayed better DPPH scavenging activity (89.83±0.19 %) than that of methanol extract (86.61±0.75%). Conclusion: This study concluded that ethanol and methanol root extract of Mussenda macrophylla have potent anti-diabetic as well as anti-oxidant activity but further advance research is necessary in the animal model.

Antibacterial Activity of Nanoparticles Produced by Ethanol Extract of Boesenbergia rotunda Rhizome Loaded with Chitosan and Alginic Acid Against Streptococcus mutans by In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Atun ◽  
Sri Handayani ◽  
Melia Aliffiana ◽  
Hajar Nur Afifah ◽  
Anna Rakhmawati
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The antibacterial activity of three Cupressaceae plants (Thujaoccidentalis,ThujaorientalisandChamaecyparisobtusa) was tested against three bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The ether and ethylacetate fraction of crude methanol extract from the three plants showed potent antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms. The result showed that Staphylococcus aureus revealed the most sensitivity among the tested bacteria. Thujaoccidentalisether fraction and Thujaorientalis hexane fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was shown the highest MIC values compared to the other two tested bacteria, which indicates the lowest antibacterial activity against the bacterium. This study promises an interesting future for designing a potentially active antibacterial agent from the three Cupressaceae plants.

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