scholarly journals Larvicidal potential of Sapindus saponaria to control the cattle tick Boophilus microplus

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Edméia de Paula e Souza Freitas ◽  
Anna Carolina da Costa ◽  
Ionizete Garcia da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Sapindus Saponaria

The objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal potential of a crude ethanol extract (CEE) of soapberry Sapindus saponaria stem peel on the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Tick larvae obtained by incubating engorged females, collected from naturally infested cattle, were placed in envelopes of filter paper impregnated with different concentrations of CEE in the test group, and distilled water in the control group. Four repetitions were made with each solution (n>120). Mortality was observed after 48 hours. Lethal concentration values of 1,258 ppm (LC50) and 6,360 ppm (LC99) were obtained.

scholarly journals Evaluation of activity of the crude ethanolic extract of Magonia pubescens St. Hil (Sapindaceae) against larvae of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) (Acari: Ixodidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Priscilla Antunes Diógenes Bessa ◽  
Edméia de Paula e Souza Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Significant Mortality

The acaricidal potential of the crude ethanolic extract (c.e.e.) of the stem peel of Magonia pubescens was evaluated against larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The larvae were placed in filter paper envelopes impregnated with different concentrations of c.e.e., dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and distilled water for determination of lethal concentrations (LC). The following treatments were used: 1. Envelopes of dry filter paper; 2. Envelopes of filter paper moistened with distilled water; 3. Envelopes of filter paper moistened with a solution of DMSO in distilled water; and 4. Envelopes moistened with 2 mL of each concentration of the c.e.e. to be tested. The bioassays were carried out in quadruplicate at 27°±1° C and RH e"80% and 12h light. Mortality was observed after 48 h, LC50 and LC99 values of 365 and 4,000 ppm being obtained. There was no significant mortality in larvae exposed to the first three treatments (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals IN VITRO ACARICIDAL EFFECTS OF SOME INDIGENOUS PLANTS AGAINST BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS (ARACNIDA: IXODIDAE)

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
L Nahar ◽  
Anisuzzaman . ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
MJ Karim ◽  
KI Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

In vitro efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica), bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper), ata (Annona retirulata), sharifa (A. squamosa) and durba ghas (Cynodon dactylon) against Boophilus microplus (tropical cattle tick) was tested during the period from July to December 2004 in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. To prepare the paste, aqueous and ethanol extracts, the leaves of neem, bishkatali, ata, sharifa and leaves along with stem of durba ghas were used. Three different types of preparation of plant materials such as paste, aqueous extracts and ethanol extracts were applied in three methods such as thin layer of paste, as spray and as impregnated filter paper (IFP). Extracts were used in 0.5%, 1 % and 2% concentrations and the percent mortality of the ticks were recorded at 12, 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Among them, ethanol extract of ata at 2% concentration showed highest efficacy (100%) followed by aqueous extract of bishkatali (93.33%) at same concentrations and ethanol extract of ata (93.33%) at 1% concentration in spray on method. Among the various methods of application "spray on" method was found to be most effective followed by paste and impregnated filter paper. On the other hand, among the preparations ethanol extract was found to be more efficacious incase of ata plant only. From the study, it is revealed that ata and bishkatali have great acaricidal value against B. microplus.

scholarly journals Acaricidal Activity of Phenolic Crude Extract from Artocapus lakoocha Leaves against Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cattle Ticks

Cattle ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are well known for their harmful effects to cattle health. The problem of TBDs has been ranked high in terms of their adverse impact on the livelihood of poor farming communities in developing countries including Thailand. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of phenolic compounds of crude acetone extract and crude ethanol extract from Artocapus lakoocha leaves in the elimination of the cattle ticks which were tested in the form of crude extract at the concentration of 400, 800 and 1600μg/ml. From the record of mortality rate within 48 hours and propagation index within 15 days, it was found that the extract at the concentration of 1600μg/ml had the best efficacy to eliminate cattle ticks when compared to control group and other concentrations (P<0.05). It was also discovered that the mortality rate of ticks was 72%. Moreover, index of egg laying, and inhibition percentage were equal to 0.14 and 49, respectively. The negative control group adding with polyethylene glycol (PEG, Phenolic inhibitors) had mortality rate of cattle ticks at 0% and median of toxic concentration (Lethal Concentration 50: LC50) of phenolic crude extract was 1050μg/ml. Thus, the phenolic crude extract from Atrocapus lakoocha leaves was effective in getting rid of cattle ticks, this approach could be further developed as the effective method for controlling and eliminating ticks in the form of products such as shampoo and tick spray for cattle or other animals.

scholarly journals In vitro activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides against engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Oliveira ◽  
Manoela da Silva ◽  
Lew Sprenger ◽  
Daniela Pedrassani
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Cattle Ticks

ABSTRACT: Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, known as the cattle tick, is a cause of great economic losses for dairy cattle farming because of its high frequency of occurrence and the difficulty in controlling it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides extract on R. (B.) microplus. For this purpose, 125 females were selected and classified into five groups according to their weight, in order to ensure that the females used presented homogeneous weight. The treatments comprised 40 and 60% extracts of Chenopodium ambrosioides, distilled water, ethanol (70ºGL) and 12.5% amitraz. The extracts of C. ambrosioides (40 and 60%) showed effectiveness of 99.7 and 100% and higher percentages of dead females than the other treatments: 64 and 96%, respectively (p<0.001). In the groups exposed to distilled water and ethanol (70º GL), 92 and 88% of the females maintained oviposition. In the females exposed to 40 and 60% extracts, oviposition of 36 and 4% occurred, respectively. It was concluded that the extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides, at both concentration evaluated, had high efficiency against engorged females of cattle ticks.

scholarly journals Larvicidal potencial of Sapindus saponaria (Sapindaceae) against Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.F. Fernandes ◽  
R.N. Leles ◽  
I.G. Silva ◽  
E.P.S. Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Sapindus Saponaria ◽  
Botanical Acaricide

The larvicidal potential of the crude ethanolic extracts (CEE) of the stem peel of Sapindus saponaria was evaluated against Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Lethal concentrations (LC), were calculated by preparing CEE solutions at different concentrations in distilled water. Larvae fasted for 14-21 days were utilized in the bioassays, after incubation of engorged females collected from infested environments frequented by dogs in several neighborhoods of Goiânia, GO. Bioassays were performed in a specially constructed biological chamber for testing botanical acaricides, acclimatized to 27±1ºC, RH>80%. The larvae were counted on filter paper envelopes impregnated with the solutions or distilled water and larval mortality observed after 48h. S. saponaria showed good larvicidal activity (LC50 and LC99 of 1994 and 3922ppm, respectively) and the results demonstrated its potential as a botanical acaricide and an alternative control measure for R. sanguineus.

Resistance by cattle to cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. III. The development of resistance to experimental infestations by purebred Sahiwal and Australian Illawarra Shorthorn cattle

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Hewetson
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sahiwal Cattle ◽  
Males And Females

Purebred Sahiwal cattle acquired resistance to Boophilus microplus in a similar manner to crossbred Sahiwal cattle as previously reported. The purebred entire males and females were more resistant than a control group of crossbred steers because they dropped significantly fewer replete ticks than the crossbreds at the third and fourth, but not at the first and second infestations. Adult female ticks dropped by purebred animals were significantly lighter than those dropped by crossbred animals at the fourth infestation only. There was no significant difference in the numbers of eggs laid and hatched from ticks dropped by purebred and crossbred animals. Australian Illawarra Shorthorn steers developed resistance at a second and third infestation which waned at a fourth infestation, but individual steers displayed developing resistance throughout the four infestations. Day of modal drop of replete female ticks appeared to be affected by breed, and developing resistance or season.

Arsenic resistance in a strain of cattle tick Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) from Northern NSW.

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
LF Hitchcock ◽  
WJ Roulston
Keyword(s):  
Reference Strain ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Arsenic Resistance ◽  
South Wales

Laboratory trials were carried out with ticks of a northern New South Wales strain which had proved impossible to control by dipping in 0.2 per cent. As2O3. The concentration of arsenic required to prevent 50 per cent. of engorged female ticks of this strain from laying viable eggs was found to be approximately double that for females of a reference strain. The median lethal concentration of arsenic for larvae of the northern New South Wales strain was also found to be approximately double that for larvae of the reference strain.

The inheritance of dieldrin-resistance in the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Stone
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Multiresistant Strain

Adults of a dieldrin-resistant straiu of cattle tick from southern Queensland were crossed with adults of a susceptible reference strain, by means of cardboard mating boxes glued to the skins of cattle. The F1 and backcross larvae were tested for resistance by enclosure in filter paper packets impregnated with oil solutions of dieldrin. The corresponding engorged adult females were tested by injection with oil solutions of dieldrin. There was no evidence of significant departure from a 1 : 1 ratio of resistant and susceptible phenotypes in the backcrosses, and there was little difference between the composition of the F1 reciprocal crosses or between the backcrosses derived from them. Dieldrin-resistance in this strain appears to be due to a single, dominant autosomal gene. Dieldrin-resistant ticks in a multiresistant strain from central Queensland steadily declined from 50–60% to an undetectable percentage in a laboratory population bred in the absence of dieldrin for 24 generations.

scholarly journals Comparison of Effect of Silymarin and Ethanol Extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum on Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Syeda Rubayat Hilmi ◽  
Zesmin Fauzia Dewan ◽  
AKM Nurul Kabir ◽  
Muhammad Moinul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Background: A variety of drugs and chemicals possess nephrotoxic potentials; therefore it is of keen interest to the researchers to obtain ways and means for alleviation of nephrotoxicity. Objective: The present study was designed to compare the ameliorative effect of silymarin with ethanol extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum in an experimental model of gentamicin- induced nephrotoxic rats. Methodology: This animal study was conducted by giving distilled water intraperitoneally to control group for seven days (1ml/rat/day) and was sacrificed on 8th day. To induce nephrotoxicity, gentamicin (GM) was administered (80 mg/kg/day for 7 days) intraperitoneally and sacrificed on 15th day. The ethanol extract of T. foenum-graecum was administered (500 mg/kg/day for 14 days) orally concomitantly with GM (7 days) and sacrificed on 15th day. To another group of rats, silymarin was administered (500 mg/kg/day for 14 days) orally concomitantly with gentamicin (7 days) and sacrificed on the 15th day. Biochemical indices like serum creatinine and serum urea levels were estimated to determine nephrotoxicity and amelioration of nephrotoxicity in all rat groups. To determine the status of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, the renal cortical glutathione (GSH) and renal cortical malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were estimated. Results: Statistically significant amelioration was observed in all the biochemical parameters in T. foenum-graecum and silymarin treated groups. Conclusion: The ameliorating effect of T. foenum-graecum is much more effective in comparison to that of silymarin in nephrotoxicity. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):23-27

scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Nina Salamah ◽  
Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽  
Hari Susanti ◽  
Anggita Devi ◽  
Anita Wening Sejati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Hematology Parameters

<p>Green Algae, an organism with active substance such as phytomelatonin, has potential to be developed as Indonesian traditional medicine. As the long term addition of Green Algae ethanol extract (<em>Ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau</em>, EEGH) influences the hematology system, in this paper, the safety test was done to ensure the safety of its use through subchronic toxicity test of EEGH on the hematology parameters of Wistar rats. The test group consisted of three groups treated with EEGH 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, while the control group was given by 0.5% CMC-Na, with 8 rats each respectively. By using blood samples taken from orbital sinus on the 29<sup>th</sup> day, common hematologic parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin level), the parameters of hemostasis (platelets, pT, aPTT, BT) and immune parameters (Differential Leukocytes Counts include neutrophils segment, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) were finally observed and showed that the 28 days-addition of EEGH increase the hematological parameters of Wistar rats.</p>

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