scholarly journals Cytotoxicity and Sedative Activity of Steam Bark of Dillenia indica L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Mst Jasmin Akter ◽  
Sekendar Ali ◽  
Iffat Hasnin ◽  
Naznin Ara Khatune ◽  
Md Aziz Abdur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Sedative Activity ◽  
Dillenia Indica ◽  
Cross Test

The study aims to assess the cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extract (CME) and various fractions from the bark of Dillenia indica L (Family: Dilleniaceae) using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and sedative activities using hole cross, open field, and elevated-plus maze (EPM) test in Swiss albino mice. In brine shrimp assay, the LC50 for CME, pet-ether (PETF), chloroform (CHF) and aqueous (AQF) fraction were found to be 110, 24.55, 85 and 14.45 μg/ml, respectively, indicating significant cytotoxicity of PETF and AQF when compared to the standard vincristine sulfate (7.5 μg/ml). In open field test, the number of movements per min (after 120 min) was 40.90, 12.43, 5.45, 3.66, and 29.74 for control, standard diazepam, CME, CHF and AQF, respectively, indicating strong activity of the chloroform soluble fraction compared to the other test samples of D. indica. Similar data was observed in hole cross test where the number of movements per minute after 120 min were 3.60, 5.56, 4.77, and 7.99 for the standard, CME, CHF and AQF, respectively. In EPM test, the CME showed a significant decreased percentage of entries of mice into the open arms of EPM as well as the percentage of time spent in the open arms. The result indicates that the CHF significantly suppressed the locomotor activity than that of methanol and aqueous fractions. These findings will be helpful for bioassay-guided isolation of active principles responsible for cytotoxicity and sedative activities. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(2): 105-110, 2021

scholarly journals Thrombolytic and Cytotoxic Activities of Terminalia bellerica Roxb.

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
M Sekendar Ali ◽  
Kazi Omar Faruq ◽  
Atiqul Islam ◽  
AMM Nurullah ◽  
Kazi Ashfak Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Thrombolytic Agent ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Terminalia Bellerica ◽  
Thrombolytic Effect

The present study was designed to investigate the thrombolytic activity and cytotoxic potential of the methanolic extract of bark of Terminalia bellerica Roxb. The cytotoxicity was assessed with the brine shrimp lethality bioassay and thrombolytic effect with human blood. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity (LC50 = 3.21 ?g/ml) compared to vincristine of sulphate (LC50 = 0.512 ?g /ml). It was also evaluated as thrombolytic agent as compared to streptokinase. It has significant thrombolytic activity (32.95%) compared to standard streptokinase (70%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i2.22293 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16(2): 131-135, 2013

scholarly journals Amelioration of Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic, Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects of Ficus benghalensis in Behavioral Experimental Models

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Humna Malik ◽  
Sana Javaid ◽  
Muhammad Fawad Rasool ◽  
Noreen Samad ◽  
Syed Rizwan Ahamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Background and Objectives: Ficus benghalensis (FB) is a commonly found tree in Pakistan and its various parts have folkloric importance in managing neurological ailments. In the present study, methanolic extract of its bark has been tested on an experimental animal model to evaluate memory-enhancing, anxiolytic and antidepressant activities to validate the claimed therapeutic potential. Materials and Methods: Methanolic extract of freshly isolated bark was prepared and subjected to preliminary phytochemical studies and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis for the presence of phytocomponents. To evaluate its effect on spatial learning, passive-avoidance test–step through (PAT-ST), Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were carried out. Open-field (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were employed to explore the anti-anxiety potential of FB while a forced swimming test (FST) was utilized to assess its anti-depressant prospective. FB doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg with positive and negative controls given to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Results: phytochemical studies showed the presence of various phytoconstituents including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, phenolics and anthraquinones. The presence of synephrine, aspargine, glucose, fructose and fatty acids was revealed by GC–MS analysis. FB administration led to significant improved memory retention when evaluated through passive avoidance (p < 0.05), Y-maze (p < 0.05) and Morris water maze (p < 0.05) tests in a scopolamine model of amnesic rats. When tested by open field and elevated plus maze tests, FB demonstrated anxiety-resolving characteristics (p < 0.05) as animals dared to stay in open areas more than a control group. Mobility time was increased and immobility time was reduced (p < 0.05–0.01) in rats treated with FB, unveiling the anti-depressant importance of F. benghalensis. Conclusion: methanolic extract of F. benghalensis bark furnished scientific proof behind folkloric claims of the memory improving, anxiety-reducing and depression-resolving characteristics of the plant. These activities might be possible due to interaction of its phytoconstituents with serotonergic, glutamatergic, cholinergic and GABAergic systems in the brain.

scholarly journals Sedative and Anxiolytic-Like Actions of Ethanol Extract of Leaves ofGlinus oppositifolius(Linn.) Aug. DC.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Partha Sharoti Bhattacharjee ◽  
Moushumi Rahman Pretty ◽  
Md. Sarwar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Sedative Activity ◽  
Time Determination

Glinus oppositifoliusis a small herb, widely used in the traditional medicine of Bangladesh in treatment of a variety of diseases and disorders such as insomnia, pain, inflammation, jaundice, and fever. The present study evaluated the sedative and anxiolytic potentials of the ethanol extract of leaves ofG. oppositifolius(EEGO) in different behavioral models in mice. The sedative activity of EEGO was investigated using hole cross, open field, rotarod, and thiopental sodium- (TS-) induced sleeping time determination tests, where the elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark box (LDB) exploration tests were employed to justify the anxiolytic potentials in mice at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. The results demonstrated that EEGO significantly inhibited the exploratory behavior of the animals both in hole cross and in open field tests in a dose-dependent manner. It also decreased motor coordination and modified TS-mediated hypnosis in mice. In addition, EEGO showed anxiolytic potential by increasing the number and time of entries in the open arm of EPM, which is further strengthened by increase in total time spent in the light part of LDB. Therefore, this study suggests the sedative and anxiolytic properties of the leaves ofG. oppositifoliusand supports the traditional use of this plant in treatment of different psychiatric disorders including insomnia.

scholarly journals Leaves of Clerodendrum wallichi Merr. Exhibit Analgesic, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Tufael Ahmed ◽  
Farah Ashrafi Noor ◽  
Mahfuza Afroz Soma ◽  
Fahima Aktar ◽  
Md Ruhul Kuddus
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Scavenging Capacity

The present study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of leaves of Clerodendrum wallichii Merr. The analgesic activity of the crude methanolic extract of C. wallichii (MECW) was determined by tail flick- and acetic acid-induced writhing method in Swiss albino mice. In tail flick method, oral administration of MECW at 400 mg/kg body weight exhibited 362.19% elongation of pain response in experimental mice at 60 min. The same dose of plant extract significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice and this effect was dose-dependent. In addition, the methanol extract of C. wallichii (MECW) and its petroleum-ether (PESF), chloroform (CSF), dichloromethane (DCMSF) and aqueous (AQSF) soluble fraction were subjected to assay for determination of total phenol content, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities test by standard protocols. The highest amount of phenolic content was present in the MECW (75.44±0.68 mg of GAE/g of extract) while the AQSF displayed the highest free radical scavenging capacity (IC50 value of 7.23±0.05 μg/ml) as compared to 25.18±1.89 μg/ml exhibited by the standard butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). In brine shrimp lethality test, the number of surviving shrimp nauplii was counted and LC50 was assessed after 24 h. Both MECW and its PESF exhibited maximum toxicity towards brine shrimp with LC50 value of 10.3±0.01 μg/ml with respect to standard vincristine sulfate (having LC50 of 0.45 μg/ml). The results of the present investigations suggest that methanolic extract of C. wallichii possesses analgesic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, confirming the traditional use of the plant. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(2): 208-213, 2019

scholarly journals Enhancing Spatial Memory: Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effects ofTapinanthus dodoneifolius(DC) Danser in Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foyet Harquin Simplice ◽  
Tsala David Emery ◽  
Ngatanko Abaissou Hervé Hervé
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Sedative Activity

We evaluated the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of the aqueous extract of the bark ofTapinanthus dodoneifolius(TAE) (Danser) (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), using open field, elevated plus maze, and forced swimming tests. Effect of TAE was compared to standard drugs diazepam (2 mg/kg) and imipramine (10 mg/kg). Additionally, the same doses of TAE were evaluated on rat's memory using Y-maze task. Results showed a significant (P<0.05; 100 mg/kg) increase in the percentage of open arm entry and the time spent in the open arms in the elevated plus maze, suggesting an anxiolytic activity of the extract. In a dose-dependant manner, TAE at 25 mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) decreased the number of lines crossed and the rearing behavior in the open field test, suggesting its possible sedative activity. In the forced swimming test, the immobility time of the animal was significantly reduced (P<0.05) by TAE (100 mg/kg), compared to control, and this effect was quite comparable to that of imipramine. In the Y-maze paradigm, TAE at 50 mg/kg caused a significant increase in the spontaneous alternations but with a significant decrease in exploratory behavioral pattern. Taking these results together, TAE improved the spatial memory and showed anxiolytic, antidepressant, and sedative activities. The present results support the anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of TAE and, to our knowledge, for the first time, demonstrate its enhancing effect on memory.

scholarly journals Comparative Cytotoxicity of Selected Mikania species using Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay and Sulforhodamine B (SRB) Assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Rafeza Khatun ◽  
Iffat Hasnin ◽  
Anamul Haque ◽  
Md Aziz Abdur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Srb Assay ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Sulforhodamine B ◽  
Human Lung Carcinoma

This study aims to assess the comparative cytotoxic activity of the ethanolic extract of Mikania cordata (MC), Mikania micrantha (MM) and Mikania scandens (MS) (Family: Asteraceae) using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and colorimetric sulforhodamine B assay method. In SRB assay, A549 human lung carcinoma, SK-Mel-2 skin melanoma and B16F1 mouse melanoma cell lines were used. In brine shrimp assay, the LC50 for MC, MM, MS and vincristine were found to be 29.04, 15.84, 32.35, and 1.2 μg/ml, respectively. The results indicate that all the Mikania species showed moderate lethality against nauplii. In SRB assay, 50% cell growth inhibition concentration (IC50) of MC, MM, MS and cisplatin against B16-F1 were 33, 15, 39 and 6.8 μg/ml, respectively. Similar data were observed for other cell lines indicating moderate cytotoxicity of the extracts. Among the species, M. micrantha showed relatively potent cytotoxic effect followed by M. cordata and M. scandens. Similar data were observed for brine shrimp lethality bioassay and the results suggest that M. micrantha possesses highest cytotoxic potentials among all the species. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(1): 11-16, 2021

scholarly journals Participation ofGABAAChloride Channels in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of a Fatty Acid Mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽  
Rosa Isela García-Ríos ◽  
Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo ◽  
Blandina Bernal-Morales ◽  
Carlos M. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Chloride Channels ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Gaba Binding ◽  
Defensive Burying

Human amniotic fluid and a mixture of eight fatty acids (FAT-M) identified in this maternal fluid (C12:0, lauric acid, 0.9 μg%; C14:0, myristic acid, 6.9 μg%; C16:0, palmitic acid, 35.3 μg%; C16:1, palmitoleic acid, 16.4 μg%; C18:0, stearic acid, 8.5 μg%; C18:1cis, oleic acid, 18.4 μg%; C18:1trans, elaidic acid, 3.5 μg%; C18:2, linoleic acid, 10.1 μg%) produce anxiolytic-like effects that are comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats, suggesting the involvement ofγ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, a possibility not yet explored. Wistar rats were subjected to the defensive burying test, elevated plus maze, and open field test. In different groups, threeGABAAreceptor antagonists were administered 30 min before FAT-M administration, including the competitive GABA binding antagonist bicuculline (1 mg/kg),GABAAbenzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (5 mg/kg), and noncompetitiveGABAAchloride channel antagonist picrotoxin (1 mg/kg). The FAT-M exerted anxiolytic-like effects in the defensive burying test and elevated plus maze, without affecting locomotor activity in the open field test. TheGABAAantagonists alone did not produce significant changes in the behavioral tests. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline or flumazenil blocked the anxiolytic-like effect of the FAT-M. Based on the specific blocking action of picrotoxin on the effects of the FAT-M, we conclude that the FAT-M exerted its anxiolytic-like effects throughGABAAreceptor chloride channels.

13. FGF2 Gene is required for Antidepressant Treatment Effects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Sucrose Preference Test

gene in humans have been shown to predict non-responsiveness to antidepressant drugs; suggesting that FGF2 is required for antidepressants to work. In this study, we hypothesized that antidepressants will not work in rodents that lack the FGF2 gene. Hence, we tested antidepressant treatment in transgenic mice that had the FGF2 gene knocked out. Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) has been used for several decades to produce a reliable depressive and anxious phenotype in mice. This study followed a CUS paradigm and used fluoxetine (Prozac) as antidepressant treatment. Mice received daily fluoxetine administration beginning on week three of CUS and continued until the end of week five to provide an antidepressant effect and reverse the effects of stress. To test for levels of anxiety and depression, a battery of behavioral tests was conducted which began from the least stressful (i.e. sucrose preference test, open field maze, elevated plus maze) to the most stressful test (forced swim test) to prevent testing carry-over effects. AnyMaze software was used to measure behavior in the open field and elevated plus mazes by recording the amount of time each mouse spent in certain parts of the maze. Future studies will examine brain changes associated with FGF2 gene deletion – particularly in astrocyte cells – which might be necessary for successful antidepressant action. Hopefully, this will elucidate novel therapeutic targets for antidepressant and anti-anxiety medication. 

Neuropharmacological Activity of Various Fractions Obtained from Solanum aethiopicum (Linn.) Fruit in Mice.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
A.R. Abubakar ◽  
◽  
I.H. Sani ◽  
S. Malami ◽  
A.H. Yaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Solanum Aethiopicum ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test

Background: Solanum aethiopicum (L.), family Solanaceae, is known as garden eggs. The fruit is used in the treatment of insomnia, diabetes and constipation. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate anxiolytic-like activity of fractions obtained from crude methanol extract of Solanum aethiopicum fruit. Method: Acute toxicity testing was conducted according to the OECD guidelines 420 via oral and intraperitoneal routes (ip). n-Hexane (HF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl-acetate (EAF), n-butanol (BF) and residual aqueous fraction (RAF) at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg ip were experimented using the open field, elevated plus maze, staircase, light dark box and hole-board tests. Results: Results: In open field test, there was statistically significant increase in frequency of central square entry by EAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg and RAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg all at p<0.05 compared to distilled water (D/W) group. Elevated plus maze test showed statistically significant increases in open arm entry and duration by CHF 25mg/kg, RAF 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg again at p<0.05. Also, in the staircase test, statistically significant decrease in frequency of rearing with no effect on step climbing was observed by RAF 25mg/kg (p< 0.05) compared to D/W. Light and dark box test produced increased light box entry and duration by EAF 25mg/kg, RAF 25mg/kg and 50mg/ kg at p<0.05. Furthermore, the hole -board test showed statistically significant increases in number of head dips by EAF 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg as well as RAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100 mg/kg at p<0.05. Conclusion: The fractions obtained from Solanum aethiopicum fruits possesses anxiolytic-like activity.

scholarly journals Screening for antiparasitic activity of crude extracts of Pleurotus highking, a Bangladeshi edible mushroom

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Ratan Kumar Paul ◽  
Sultana Shakila Khan ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Antiparasitic Activity ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
And Control ◽  
Novel Drug

Compounds obtained from natural sources play significant role to identify various novel drug molecules. This study was designed to investigate parasitic susceptibility of methanolic extract from the Pleurotus highking, an edible mushroom commercially cultivated in Bangladesh against Pheretima posthuma. Extraction was carried out by continuous hot percolation method using methanol as a solvent. Four concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/ml) of the extract were used for screening and results were expressed in terms of the time paralysis and death of worms. The extract exhibited promising antiparasitic activity at the concentration of 80 mg/ml. Albendazole and distilled water were used as reference standard and control, respectively. The extract showed its activity in the dose and time dependent manner. This is the first report of the antiparasitic activity of methanolic extract of P. highking.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(1): 38-41, 2015

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document