scholarly journals Association of Fasting Lipid Profile with Insulin Resistance in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Farhad Hussain ◽  
Rehana Aziz ◽  
Pijush Karmakar ◽  
Md Hasan Murad Chowdhury ◽  
Asma Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Back ground: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) worldwide and is becoming a major public health problem. NAFLD has been recognized as a hepatic manifestation of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) linked with Insulin Resistance (IR) and is currently considered as the hepatic component of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). NAFLD is strongly associated with IR and is mostly silent which is often discovered incidentally through elevated hepatic enzyme levels. The purpose of this study is to find out the association of Fasting Lipid Profile (FLP) with IR in NAFLD subjects. Materials and methods: A prospective hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the Department Of Biochemistry, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) and Chittagong Medical College Hospital. One hundred & fifty (150) subjects aging between 18-60 years were included in this study by non probability consecutive sampling method. Important variables in this study were Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Fasting Serum Insulin (FPI) and Fasting Lipid Profile (FLP). IR was calculated by using Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index i.e. (FPI μIU x FPG mmol/L)/22.5. Results: In this study HOMA-IR was significantly higher in cases than that of controls (4.77±0.16) and showing Insulin Resistance (IR) in 90% of the cases. There was a significant association of HOMA-IR with increased serum Triglyceride (TG) in NAFLD cases. Conclusion: The findings of the current study suggest that independent variable such as increased Serum TG was associated with IR in NAFLD subjects. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (2); July 2021; Page 3-7

scholarly journals Homeostasis of Glucose and Lipid in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Wen Chao ◽  
Shi-Wei Chao ◽  
Heng Lin ◽  
Hui-Chen Ku ◽  
Ching-Feng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Industrialized society-caused dysregular human behaviors and activities such as overworking, excessive dietary intake, and sleep deprivation lead to perturbations in the metabolism and the development of metabolic syndrome. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affects around 30% and 25% of people in Western and Asian countries, respectively, which leads to numerous medical costs annually. Insulin resistance is the major hallmark of NAFLD and is crucial in the pathogenesis and for the progression from NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Excessive dietary intake of saturated fats and carbohydrate-enriched foods contributes to both insulin resistance and NAFLD. Once NAFLD is established, insulin resistance can promote the progression to the more severe state of liver endangerment like NASH. Here, we review current and potential studies for understanding the complexity between insulin-regulated glycolytic and lipogenic homeostasis and the underlying causes of NAFLD. We discuss how disruption of the insulin signal is associated with various metabolic disorders of glucoses and lipids that constitute both the metabolic syndrome and NAFLD.

Insulin Resistance and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Premenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Amr Ali El-Sehrawy ◽  
Omnia State ◽  
Rasha Rizk Elzehery ◽  
Ahmed Salem Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractIt is suggested that estrogen protects premenopausal women against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. From another perspective, the relation between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is bidirectional. Role of insulin resistance (IR) in NAFLD continues to be a matter of debate. The present study aimed to assess the relation between IR and NAFLD in premenopausal women with MetS. The study included 51 premenopausal women with MetS. In addition, there were 40 age-matched healthy controls. All participants were subjected to careful history taking and thorough clinical examination. Performed laboratory investigations included fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, lipid profile, and liver functions. Calculation of IR was achieved by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR). NAFLD was graded into three grades according to findings of abdominal ultrasound. Patients had significantly higher BMI, SBP, DBP, FBG, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels when compared with controls. They also had significantly lower HDL levels in comparison to controls. Moreover, they have more advanced grades of NAFLD in contrast to controls. Comparison between patients with various grades of NAFLD regarding the clinical data revealed significant increase of fasting insulin and HOMA-IR levels with advancing NAFLD grade. Using multivariate regression analysis, HOMA-IR was an independent predictor of advanced NAFLD grade. In conclusion, the present study documented a combined inter-relation between MetS, IR, and NAFLD in premenopausal women with MetS. IR is correlated with NAFLD grade.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight Children and its Relationship with Retinol Serum Levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suano de Souza ◽  
Silverio Amancio ◽  
Saccardo Sarni ◽  
Sacchi Pitta ◽  
Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.6 years). The control group consisted of 45 children, paired by age and gender. Hepatic steatosis, evaluated by ultrasound, was classified as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. Also evaluated were serum retinol levels; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; lipid profile; and fasting glucose and serum insulin levels, used for the calculation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment. Results: Hepatic ultrasound alterations were found in 56.5% and 48,9% of the overweight/obese and control group children, respectively. Presence of obesity was associated with high levels of triglycerides (OR = 4.6; P = 0.002). In the studied children, the risk of steatosis was related to a trend to a higher percentage of retinol inadequacy (OR = 2.8; p = 0.051); there was no association with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid profile, or insulin resistance. Conclusions: The high frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both groups, evaluated by hepatic ultrasound, in low-socioeconomic level children, independent of nutritional condition and without significant association with insulin resistance, emphasizes that especially in developing countries, other risk factors such as micronutrient deficiencies (e.g. vitamin A) are involved.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Metabolic Syndrome. A Narrative Review

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Luca Rinaldi ◽  
Pia Clara Pafundi ◽  
Raffaele Galiero ◽  
Alfredo Caturano ◽  
Maria Vittoria Morone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are two different entities sharing common clinical and physio-pathological features, with insulin resistance (IR) as the most relevant. Large evidence leads to consider it as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, regardless of age, sex, smoking habit, cholesterolemia, and other elements of MS. Therapeutic strategies remain still unclear, but lifestyle modifications (diet, physical exercise, and weight loss) determine an improvement in IR, MS, and both clinical and histologic liver picture. NAFLD and IR are bidirectionally correlated and, consequently, the development of pre-diabetes and diabetes is the most direct consequence at the extrahepatic level. In turn, type 2 diabetes is a well-known risk factor for multiorgan damage, including an involvement of cardiovascular system, kidney and peripheral nervous system. The increased MS incidence worldwide, above all due to changes in diet and lifestyle, is associated with an equally significant increase in NAFLD, with a subsequent rise in both morbidity and mortality due to both metabolic, hepatic and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the slowdown in the increase of the “bad company” constituted by MS and NAFLD, with all the consequent direct and indirect costs, represents one of the main challenges for the National Health Systems.

scholarly journals Higher Sodium Intake Assessed by 24 Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The PREVEND Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline H. van den Berg ◽  
Eke G. Gruppen ◽  
Hans Blokzijl ◽  
Stephan J.L. Bakker ◽  
Robin P.F. Dullaart
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

A higher sodium intake is conceivably associated with insulin resistant conditions like obesity, but associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a higher sodium intake determined by 24 hours (24 h) urine collections are still unclear. Dietary sodium intake was measured by sodium excretion in two complete consecutive 24 h urine collections in 6132 participants of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort. Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥60 and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) >36 were used as proxies of suspected NAFLD. 1936 (31.6%) participants had an FLI ≥60, coinciding with the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, hypertension and history of cardiovascular disease. Sodium intake was higher in participants with an FLI ≥60 (163.63 ± 61.81 mmol/24 h vs. 136.76 ± 50.90 mmol/24 h, p < 0.001), with increasing incidence in ascending quartile categories of sodium intake (p < 0.001). Multivariably, an FLI ≥60 was positively associated with a higher sodium intake when taking account for T2D, a positive cardiovascular history, hypertension, alcohol intake, smoking and medication use (odds ratio (OR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.64, p < 0.001). Additional adjustment for the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) diminished this association (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.21–1.41, p < 0.001). HSI >36 showed similar results. Associations remained essentially unaltered after adjustment for body surface area or waist/hip ratio. In conclusion, suspected NAFLD is a feature of higher sodium intake. Insulin resistance-related processes may contribute to the association of NAFLD with sodium intake.

scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the hepatic consequence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bernadette Moore
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver disease in both adults and children worldwide. As a disease spectrum, NAFLD may progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. An estimated 20–35% of the general population has steatosis, 10% of whom will develop the more progressive non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated with markedly increased risk of cardiovascular- and liver-related mortality. Development of NAFLD is strongly linked to components of the metabolic syndrome including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes. The recognition that NAFLD is an independent risk factor for CVD is a major public health concern. There is a great need for a sensitive non-invasive test for the early detection and assessment of the stage of NAFLD that could also be used to monitor response to treatment. The cellular and molecular aetiology of NAFLD is multi-factorial; genetic polymorphisms influencing NAFLD have been identified and nutrition is a modifiable environmental factor influencing NAFLD progression. Weight loss through diet and exercise is the primary recommendation in the clinical management of NAFLD. The application of systems biology to the identification of NAFLD biomarkers and factors involved in NAFLD progression is an area of promising research.

scholarly journals Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/Oboljenje Ne-Alkoholne Masne Jetre U Pedijatriji

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgard Delvin ◽  
Natasha Patey ◽  
Josée Dubois ◽  
Melanie Henderson ◽  
Émile Lévy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Major Increase ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Early Atherosclerosis

Summary The rapidly increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and its associated co-morbidities such as hypertriglyceridemia, hyper-insulinemia, hypertension, early atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are major public health concerns in many countries. Therefore the trends in child and adolescent obesity should be closely monitored over time, as in the near future, we may anticipate a major increase of young adults with the stigmata of the metabolic syndrome, and of the related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), that may lead to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

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